[ { "identifier": "GO:0097729", "label": "9+2 motile cilium", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/9_2_motile_cilium.html", "definition": "A motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets plus two central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+2 axoneme). A canonical motile cilium (or eukaryotic flagellum) whose axoneme consists of nine peripheral microtubule doublets surrounding a central pair of singlet microtubules (the 9+2 arrangement). Conserved across Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Tetrahymena thermophila, and Trypanosoma brucei, the 9+2 motile cilium integrates central pair projections, radial spokes, nexin-dynein regulatory complexes, and dynein arms to produce planar or ciliary waveforms.", "synonyms": "motile 9+2 cilium conventional motile cilium sperm flagellum" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:archaeal_cannula", "label": "archaeal cannula", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/archaeal_cannula.html", "definition": "An extracellular hollow tubular archaeal cell projection, characterized in Pyrodictium species, that extends from the cell envelope as a proteinaceous filament and forms networks between cells.", "synonyms": "cannulae" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097589", "label": "archaeal-type flagellum", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/archaeal_type_flagellum.html", "definition": "A non-membrane-bounded motility organelle, also called the archaellum, characterized in Archaea and in the bacterium Litorilinea aerophila; a membrane-associated motor drives swimming through rotation of extracellular type-IV-pilin-like archaellin filaments.", "synonyms": "archaellum archaeal flagellum" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:archaeal_type_flagellum_filament", "label": "archaeal-type flagellum filament", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/archaeal_type_flagellum_filament.html", "definition": "An extracellular helical archaellum filament assembled from glycosylated type-IV-pilin-like archaellin subunits and rotated by the archaeal-type flagellum motor for swimming; characterized in Archaea and in the bacterium Litorilinea aerophila.", "synonyms": "archaellum filament" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:archaeal_type_flagellum_motor", "label": "archaeal-type flagellum motor", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/archaeal_type_flagellum_motor.html", "definition": "A membrane-associated ATP-powered motor complex of the archaeal-type flagellum that assembles and rotates the external archaellin filament.", "synonyms": "archaellum motor archaeal flagellum motor" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033099", "label": "attachment organelle", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/attachment_organelle.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded polar cell extension in Mycoplasma species that concentrates cytadherence and cytoskeletal proteins for host-cell attachment, gliding motility, and organelle-linked cell division.", "synonyms": "terminal organelle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033111", "label": "attachment organelle membrane", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/attachment_organelle_membrane.html", "definition": "The membrane surrounding the attachment organelle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009288", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum.html", "definition": "The rotary motility organelle of bacteria: a long helical filament of flagellin joined by a flexible hook to a basal body that spans the cell envelope. The basal body houses a rotor (MS and C rings) driven by membrane-embedded stator units that convert ion flow (H+ or Na+) into torque; the flagellar type III export apparatus at its base secretes the axial subunits. Not homologous to the archaeal archaellum or the eukaryotic cilium.", "synonyms": "bacterial flagellum" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009425", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum basal body", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_basal_body.html", "definition": "The basal cell-envelope substructure of a bacterial flagellum, consisting of a rod, a series of rings, Mot stator proteins, the switch complex, and the proximal flagellum-specific type III export apparatus.", "synonyms": "bacterial flagellum basal body bacterial flagellar basal body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009433", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum basal body, C ring", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_basal_body_c_ring.html", "definition": "The cytoplasmic FliG/FliM/FliN switch ring of the bacterial flagellar basal body, assembled on the MS ring to form the rotor face that receives torque from Mot/Pom stator units and changes rotational bias in response to phosphorylated CheY.", "synonyms": "flagellar basal body, C ring flagellin-based flagellum basal body, C ring flagellar C ring flagellar switch complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009426", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum basal body, distal rod", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_basal_body_distal_rod.html", "definition": "The portion of the central rod of the bacterial-type flagellar basal body that is distal to the cell membrane; spans most of the distance between the inner and outer membranes.", "synonyms": "flagellar basal body, distal rod flagellin-based flagellum basal body, distal rod" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009427", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum basal body, distal rod, L ring", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_basal_body_distal_rod_l_ring.html", "definition": "One of the rings of the bacterial-type flagellar basal body; anchors the basal body to the outer membrane.", "synonyms": "flagellar basal body, distal rod, L ring flagellin-based flagellum basal body, distal rod, L ring" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009428", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum basal body, distal rod, P ring", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_basal_body_distal_rod_p_ring.html", "definition": "One of the rings of the bacterial-type flagellar basal body; anchors the basal body to the peptidoglycan layer.", "synonyms": "flagellar basal body, distal rod, P ring flagellin-based flagellum basal body, distal rod, P ring" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009431", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum basal body, MS ring", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_basal_body_ms_ring.html", "definition": "One of the rings of the bacterial-type flagellar basal body; a double-flanged ring that anchors the basal body to the cytoplasmic membrane.", "synonyms": "flagellar basal body, mounting plate flagellar basal body, MS ring flagellin-based flagellum basal body, MS ring" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009429", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum basal body, proximal rod", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_basal_body_proximal_rod.html", "definition": "The portion of the central rod of the bacterial-type flagellar basal body that is proximal to the cell membrane; the proximal rod connects the distal rod to the flagellar motor.", "synonyms": "flagellar basal body, proximal rod flagellin-based flagellum basal body, proximal rod" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030694", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum basal body, rod", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_basal_body_rod.html", "definition": "The central portion of the bacterial-type flagellar basal body, which spans the periplasm and threads through the rings.", "synonyms": "flagellar basal body, rod flagellin-based flagellum basal body, rod" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009420", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum filament", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_filament.html", "definition": "The long, thin external propeller of the bacterial-type flagellum, formed by polymerized flagellin.", "synonyms": "flagellar filament flagellin-based flagellum filament" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009421", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum filament cap", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_filament_cap.html", "definition": "The proteinaceous structure at the distal tip of the bacterial-type flagellar filament.", "synonyms": "flagellar filament cap flagellin-based flagellum filament cap FliD/HAP2 filament cap" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009424", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum hook", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_hook.html", "definition": "The portion of the bacterial-type flagellum that connects the filament to the basal body.", "synonyms": "flagellar hook flagellin-based flagellum hook" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009422", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum hook-filament junction", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_hook_filament_junction.html", "definition": "The FlgK/FlgL hook-associated protein junction at the distal end of the bacterial-type flagellar hook that couples the flexible hook to the flagellin filament and buffers mechanical stress while initiating filament assembly.", "synonyms": "flagellar hook-filament junction FlgK-FlgL hook-filament junction" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120100", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum motor", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_motor.html", "definition": "A bacterial flagellar basal-body motor composed of an MS-ring/C-ring rotor complex and one or more Mot/Pom-family stator complexes in the cytoplasmic membrane that convert ion flow into rotary torque and bias clockwise or counterclockwise output.", "synonyms": "bacterial flagellar motor flagellar motor" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120107", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum rotor complex", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_rotor_complex.html", "definition": "The bacterial flagellar basal-body rotor built from the membrane-anchored FliF MS ring and the cytoplasmic FliG/FliM/FliN C ring, which together receive torque from stator units, rotate the axial rod, and bias clockwise or counterclockwise motor output.", "synonyms": "bacterial flagellar rotor flagellar rotor" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120102", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum secretion apparatus", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_secretion_apparatus.html", "definition": "A flagellum-specific type III export apparatus at the bacterial basal body, comprising a membrane-associated FlhA/FlhB/FliP/FliQ/FliR export gate and a cytoplasmic FliH/FliI/FliJ ATPase complex that support export of rod, hook, and filament subunits through the growing flagellum.", "synonyms": "bacterial-type flagellum export apparatus flagellar type III export apparatus flagellar type III export gate complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120101", "label": "bacterial-type flagellum stator complex", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/bacterial_type_flagellum_stator_complex.html", "definition": "An ion-driven membrane complex in the bacterial flagellar motor, typically with five A subunits surrounding two B subunits, that transduces proton or sodium flow into torque on the flagellar rotor and anchors to the cell wall through the B subunits.", "synonyms": "bacterial-type flagellum motor force generator complex bacterial-type flagellum torque generator complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097546", "label": "ciliary base", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/ciliary_base.html", "definition": "Area of the cilium (also called flagellum) where the basal body and the axoneme are anchored to the plasma membrane. The ciliary base encompasses the distal part of the basal body, transition fibers and transition zone and is structurally and functionally very distinct from the rest of the cilium. In this area proteins are sorted and filtered before entering the cilium, and many ciliary proteins localize specifically to this area. The specialized proximal region of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum encompassing the basal body docking site, transition fibers, and ciliary transition zone in ciliated protists and microalgae. The ciliary base acts as a molecular gate and assembly hub where intraflagellar transport (IFT) trains are loaded and membrane diffusion between the plasma membrane and ciliary membrane is regulated.", "synonyms": "cilial base cilium base flagellar base flagellum base" }, { "identifier": "GO:0060170", "label": "ciliary membrane", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/ciliary_membrane.html", "definition": "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a cilium.", "synonyms": "cilial membrane cilium membrane flagellar membrane flagellum membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097539", "label": "ciliary transition fiber", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/ciliary_transition_fiber.html", "definition": "A nine-bladed, propeller-like protein complex that links the distal end of the basal body and the cilium to the plasma membrane. Functions in protein sorting and gating (i.e. active and passive transport of proteins in and out of the cilium).", "synonyms": "centriolar distal appendage cilial transition fiber cilial transition fibre ciliary transition fibre cilium transition fiber cilium transition fibre distal appendage of basal body distal appendage of centriole distal appendage of mother centriole transition fiber transition fibre" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035869", "label": "ciliary transition zone", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/ciliary_transition_zone.html", "definition": "A region of the cilium between the basal body and proximal segment that is characterized by Y-shaped assemblages that connect axonemal microtubules to the ciliary membrane. The ciliary transition zone appears to function as a gate that controls ciliary membrane composition and separates the cytosol from the ciliary plasm.", "synonyms": "cilial transition zone cilium transition zone connecting cilium" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005929", "label": "cilium", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/cilium.html", "definition": "A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts; it is largely bounded by an extrusion of the plasma membrane, contains a longitudinal microtubule array, and is anchored to a basal body.", "synonyms": "eukaryotic flagellum microtubule-based flagellum" }, { "identifier": "GO:0098774", "label": "curli", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/curli.html", "definition": "Extracellular amyloid fibers assembled from CsgA by the Csg secretion and nucleation machinery that form a pilus subtype in enteric biofilm matrices.", "synonyms": "curli fimbriae bacterial amyloid fibers" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990905", "label": "dinoflagellate peduncle", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/dinoflagellate_peduncle.html", "definition": "A small, flexible, finger-like projection of cytoplasm containing an array of microtubles and located near the flagellar pores in some photosynthetic as well as nonphotosynthetic dinoflagellate species. Its functions are not fully understood, but it has been associated with feeding behavior (phagotrophy).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120118", "label": "flagella connector", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/flagella_connector.html", "definition": "A mobile transmembrane junction at the tip of the flagellum of some kinetoplastid species linking the tip of a new growing flagellum to an older flagellum.", "synonyms": "FC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032179", "label": "germ tube", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/germ_tube.html", "definition": "The slender tubular outgrowth first produced by most spores in germination. A polarized cylindrical outgrowth emerging from a germinating fungal spore or yeast cell during the transition to filamentous hyphal growth, notably in Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Neurospora crassa. Germ tube emergence and extension depend on Cdc42-mediated polarity establishment, Spitzenkörper/polarisome vesicle delivery, and a basal septin collar/cap.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:hamus", "label": "hamus", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/hamus.html", "definition": "An archaeal cell-surface appendage composed of proteinaceous helical filaments with periodic prickles and a terminal grappling hook, used by Candidatus Altarchaeum hamiconexum cells to attach to biotic and abiotic surfaces.", "synonyms": "hami altiarchaeal grappling hook nano-grappling hook" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:haptonema", "label": "haptonema", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/haptonema.html", "definition": "An elongated, plasma-membrane-bounded, microtubule-supported appendage of haptophyte algae that emerges from the flagellar pole and can coil rapidly during haptonemal motility or participate in particle capture.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030990", "label": "intraciliary transport particle", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/intraciliary_transport_particle.html", "definition": "Non-membrane-bounded protein particle complex that carries cargo along axonemal microtubules during intraflagellar transport in eukaryotic cilia and flagella.", "synonyms": "intraflagellar transport particle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097609", "label": "longitudinal flagellum", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/longitudinal_flagellum.html", "definition": "A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It trails the cell and acts as a steering rudder. It is often partially contained in a furrow called the sulcus, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the sulcus. The posteriorly directed eukaryotic flagellum of dinoflagellates that emerges from the ventral flagellar pore, lies along the longitudinal sulcus furrow, and trails behind the cell body. Together with the transverse flagellum, the longitudinal flagellum beats with planar waves to provide directional steering and forward propulsion in free-living and symbiotic dinoflagellates.", "synonyms": "longitudinal cilium" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097741", "label": "mastigoneme", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/mastigoneme.html", "definition": "A hair-like structure covering the flagella found in some algae (heterokonts and cryptophytes). It is approximately 15 nm in diameter, and usually consist of a tubular shaft that itself terminates in smaller hairs. It is composed of glycoproteins and, likely, carbohydrates. Mastigonemes may assist in locomotion by increasing the surface area of a flagellum.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005937", "label": "mating projection", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/mating_projection.html", "definition": "The projection formed by unicellular fungi in response to mating pheromone.", "synonyms": "shmoo conjugation tube" }, { "identifier": "GO:0001400", "label": "mating projection base", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/mating_projection_base.html", "definition": "The region where the mating projection meets the bulk of the cell, in unicellular fungi exposed to mating pheromone.", "synonyms": "base of shmoo tip conjugation tube base" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070250", "label": "mating projection membrane", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/mating_projection_membrane.html", "definition": "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the mating projection.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070867", "label": "mating projection tip membrane", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/mating_projection_tip_membrane.html", "definition": "The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the mating projection tip.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031514", "label": "motile cilium", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/motile_cilium.html", "definition": "A cilium which may have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors. It may beat with a whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface, such as on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues; or they may display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization. Motile cilia can be found in single as well as multiple copies per cell. A membrane-bounded ciliary projection capable of active whip-like or undulating beating that propels swimming cells or generates fluid flow across microbial cell surfaces. In flagellated green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), ciliates (Tetrahymena thermophila), and kinetoplastids (Trypanosoma brucei), the motile cilium contains an axoneme powered by outer and inner dynein arms and regulated by radial spokes and intraflagellar transport (IFT) trains.", "synonyms": "motile cilia microtubule-based flagellum motile primary cilia motile primary cilium motile secondary cilium nodal cilium" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:omce_cytochrome_nanowire", "label": "OmcE cytochrome nanowire", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/omce_cytochrome_nanowire.html", "definition": "An extracellular Geobacter sulfurreducens cytochrome nanowire assembled from OmcE tetraheme c-type cytochrome subunits and resolved by cryo-EM as a helical filament whose hemes pack within the filament core.", "synonyms": "OmcE cytochrome filament OmcE nanowire" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:omcs_cytochrome_nanowire", "label": "OmcS cytochrome nanowire", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/omcs_cytochrome_nanowire.html", "definition": "An extracellular electrically conductive Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA filament assembled as a helical array of OmcS six-heme c-type cytochrome monomers whose stacked hemes provide a path for long-range electron transport.", "synonyms": "OmcS nanowire cytochrome-based bacterial nanowire" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:omcz_cytochrome_nanowire", "label": "OmcZ cytochrome nanowire", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/omcz_cytochrome_nanowire.html", "definition": "An extracellular electrically conductive Geobacter sulfurreducens filament assembled from the octaheme c-type cytochrome OmcZ; each subunit contributes a branched heme arrangement with a surface-exposed heme site to the cytochrome polymer.", "synonyms": "OmcZ nanowire OmcZ filament" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:p_pilus", "label": "P pilus", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/p_pilus.html", "definition": "A chaperone-usher adhesive pilus of uropathogenic Escherichia coli built from a PapA helical rod, a PapG-PapF-PapE tip fibrillum, a PapK adaptor that bridges the fibrillum to the rod, and a basal PapH terminator. The PapD chaperone delivers subunits to the PapC usher, which assembles the pilus, and the distal PapG adhesin binds host glycolipid receptors.", "synonyms": "pyelonephritis-associated pilus P fimbria Pap pilus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097740", "label": "paraflagellar rod", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/paraflagellar_rod.html", "definition": "A large lattice-like axial structure found in some flagellated protists which extends alongside the axoneme. Protein components of the paraflagellar rod are likely implicated, among other, in adenine nucleotide signaling and metabolism, and in calcium signaling.", "synonyms": "PFR paraxial rod" }, { "identifier": "GO:0055040", "label": "periplasmic flagellum", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/periplasmic_flagellum.html", "definition": "A bacterial-type flagellar appendage of spirochetes whose filaments reside in the periplasmic space between the cytoplasmic and outer membranes, attach near the cell poles, and rotate to deform the cell cylinder for motility.", "synonyms": "endoflagellum periplasmic flagellar filament" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009289", "label": "pilus", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/pilus.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous hair-like appendage on the surface of bacteria ranging from 2-8 nm in diameter.", "synonyms": "fimbria fimbriae fimbrium pili" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:prostheca", "label": "prostheca", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/prostheca.html", "definition": "A tubular projection of the bacterial cell envelope and cytoplasm that extends away from the main cell body in prosthecate bacteria. In stalked Caulobacter cells, the prostheca contains the inner membrane, peptidoglycan and outer membrane layers of the Gram-negative envelope and supports stalk-specific protein localization.", "synonyms": "bacterial stalk Caulobacter stalk prosthecate cell extension" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:stalk_crossband", "label": "stalk crossband", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/stalk_crossband.html", "definition": "A disk-like multiprotein diffusion barrier that spans the Caulobacter stalk cross-section. StpABCD-containing stalk crossbands partition the prostheca into compartments by limiting exchange of soluble and membrane proteins between the cell body and stalk segments.", "synonyms": "stalk band Caulobacter crossband" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:suctorian_feeding_tentacle", "label": "suctorian feeding tentacle", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/suctorian_feeding_tentacle.html", "definition": "A tubular cell projection of suctorian ciliates that captures prey at its tip and conveys prey cytoplasm into the cell body.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:tad_pilus", "label": "Tad pilus", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/tad_pilus.html", "definition": "A tight-adherence (Tad/Flp) subtype of type IV pilus involved in bacterial adhesion and colonization. In the Caulobacter vibrioides model, polar PilA filaments extend and retract during surface exploration and promote holdfast-dependent permanent attachment; this dynamic behavior is not asserted for every Tad system.", "synonyms": "tight-adherence pilus type IVc pilus Flp pilus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097608", "label": "transverse flagellum", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/transverse_flagellum.html", "definition": "A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It coils around the cell and provides the forward thrust for motility. It is often contained in a furrow called the cingulum, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the cingulum. The ribbon-like anterior/equatorial eukaryotic flagellum of dinoflagellates that emerges from the ventral flagellar pore and beats within the horizontal cingulum furrow encircling the cell. It contains a 9+2 axoneme paired with a contractile striated paraflagellar rod (paraxonemal strand) that holds the flagellum in a helical wave, generating both forward thrust and rotational torque during swimming.", "synonyms": "transverse cilium" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140621", "label": "type I pilus", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/type_i_pilus.html", "definition": "A mannose-sensitive adhesive bacterial pilus assembled by the chaperone-usher pathway. In the Escherichia coli model, a helical FimA rod carries an ordered FimH-FimG-FimF tip, is polymerized through the FimD usher, and ends in a basal FimI terminator. Other type I systems, including Salmonella, have different subunit inventories.", "synonyms": "type 1 pilus type 1 fimbria mannose-sensitive pilus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044096", "label": "type IV pilus", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "APPENDAGE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/type_iv_pilus.html", "definition": "A dynamic bacterial surface filament assembled from type IV pilins by an inner-membrane ATPase machinery. Reversible extension and retraction can generate force for twitching motility, adhesion, surface sensing, and DNA uptake.", "synonyms": "type 4 pilus T4P" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097537", "label": "Y-shaped link", "category": "APPENDAGE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/appendage/y_shaped_link.html", "definition": "A Y-shaped protein complex in the ciliary transition zone that connects the cilium axoneme to the ciliary necklace. Both protein sorting and protein gating occur at this point in the cilium allowing some, but not all proteins to enter the cilium.", "synonyms": "membrane-microtubule complex Y-link Y-link structure Y-shaped assemblage Y-shaped fiber Y-shaped fibre Y-shaped linker" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097649", "label": "A axonemal microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/a_axonemal_microtubule.html", "definition": "The complete 13-protofilament A tubule of the axonemal doublet microtubule.", "synonyms": "A tubule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0099079", "label": "actin body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/actin_body.html", "definition": "An amorphous cytoplasmic assembly of actin filaments and selected actin-binding proteins in growth-arrested yeast cells, distinct from cortical actin patches and actin cables.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030479", "label": "actin cortical patch", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/actin_cortical_patch.html", "definition": "An endocytic patch formed from branched actin filaments just beneath the plasma membrane that assembles, moves, and disassembles rapidly.", "synonyms": "actin patch" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005826", "label": "actomyosin contractile ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/actomyosin_contractile_ring.html", "definition": "A cytokinetic cytoskeletal ring composed of actin filaments, myosin, and accessory proteins that assembles beneath the plasma membrane and constricts during cell division.", "synonyms": "contractile ring cytokinetic actomyosin ring" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:alfa_filament", "label": "AlfA filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/alfa_filament.html", "definition": "A plasmid-encoded bacterial actin-like cytoskeletal filament assembled from AlfA ATPases that supports segregation of pLS32-family plasmids in Bacillus subtilis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005885", "label": "Arp2/3 protein complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/arp2_3_protein_complex.html", "definition": "A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments. A conserved seven-subunit protein complex (comprising actin-related proteins Arp2 and Arp3 together with Arc40/ARPC1, Arc35/ARPC2, Arc19/ARPC3, Arc18/ARPC4, and Arc15/ARPC5) that binds to the side of a pre-existing mother actin filament and nucleates a daughter filament at a characteristic 70-degree angle. In yeasts, amoebae, and filamentous fungi, the Arp2/3 protein complex generates branched actin networks that drive clathrin-mediated endocytosis, phagocytosis, and pseudopod extension.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005818", "label": "aster", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/aster.html", "definition": "An array of microtubules emanating from a spindle pole MTOC that do not connect to kinetochores. A radial, star-shaped array of cytoplasmic astral microtubules nucleated from a microtubule organizing center—such as the outer plaque of a yeast spindle pole body or a protist basal body/centrosome—with microtubule plus ends radiating toward the cell cortex. In budding and fission yeasts, filamentous fungi, and protists, the aster interacts with cortical dynein and Kar9/Bim1 capture machinery to position the mitotic spindle and drive nuclear migration.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000235", "label": "astral microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/astral_microtubule.html", "definition": "Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell. In yeasts, fungi, and microbial eukaryotes, cytoplasmic astral microtubules nucleated from the outer plaque of the spindle pole body or centrosome probe the cell cortex via plus-end tracking proteins (Kar9, Bim1/EB1, Bik1) and cortical dynein-dynactin to orient the mitotic spindle along the division axis.", "synonyms": "cytoplasmic astral microtubule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160111", "label": "axonemal A tubule inner sheath", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_a_tubule_inner_sheath.html", "definition": "The microtubule-inner-protein network inside the lumen of the A tubule of the axonemal doublet microtubule.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160112", "label": "axonemal B tubule inner sheath", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_b_tubule_inner_sheath.html", "definition": "The microtubule-inner-protein network inside the lumen of the B tubule of the axonemal doublet microtubule.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990716", "label": "axonemal central apparatus", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_central_apparatus.html", "definition": "A 9+2 axonemal subassembly of the central microtubule pair, its projections, its tubule-bridging structures, and caps on the microtubule plus ends.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990717", "label": "axonemal central bridge", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_central_bridge.html", "definition": "A bridge network that connects the C1 and C2 singlet microtubules of the 9+2 axonemal central apparatus.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097540", "label": "axonemal central pair", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_central_pair.html", "definition": "A pair of asymmetric C1 and C2 singlet microtubules at the center of the 9+2 axonemal central apparatus.", "synonyms": "axonemal microtubule central pair axoneme central pair axoneme microtubule central pair central pair central-pair microtubules" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990718", "label": "axonemal central pair projection", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_central_pair_projection.html", "definition": "A projection structure that extends from the C1 or C2 singlet microtubule of the 9+2 axonemal central apparatus.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097545", "label": "axonemal doublet microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_doublet_microtubule.html", "definition": "A cellular anatomical entity that is part of an axoneme consisting of a doublet microtubule.", "synonyms": "axonemal outer doublet axoneme outer doublet DMT outer-doublet microtubules outer doublet" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005858", "label": "axonemal dynein complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_dynein_complex.html", "definition": "A dynein complex found in eukaryotic cilia and flagella; the motor domain heads interact with adjacent microtubules to generate a sliding force which is converted to a bending motion.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005879", "label": "axonemal microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_microtubule.html", "definition": "A microtubule in the axoneme of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules, which may or may not surround a pair of single microtubules.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160113", "label": "axonemal microtubule doublet inner junction", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_microtubule_doublet_inner_junction.html", "definition": "A structure that joins the B10 protofilament of the B tubule to the A1 protofilament of the A tubule within an axonemal microtubule doublet.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160110", "label": "axonemal microtubule doublet inner sheath", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_microtubule_doublet_inner_sheath.html", "definition": "A structural network of microtubule inner proteins located inside the lumens of the A and B tubules of the axonemal microtubule doublet that helps stabilize the doublet microtubule.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160114", "label": "axonemal microtubule doublet outer junction", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_microtubule_doublet_outer_junction.html", "definition": "A junctional axonemal doublet substructure that links the B-tubule B1 protofilament to A-tubule protofilaments A10 and A11.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160115", "label": "axonemal microtubule doublet ribbon", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_microtubule_doublet_ribbon.html", "definition": "A three-protofilament ribbon formed by A-tubule protofilaments A11, A12 and A13 plus associated microtubule inner proteins that separates the A- and B-tubule lumens within an axonemal doublet microtubule.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005931", "label": "axonemal nexin link", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axonemal_nexin_link.html", "definition": "A protein complex in ciliary and flagellar axonemes that interconnects neighboring outer doublet microtubules.", "synonyms": "axonemal interdoublet link nexin-dynein regulatory complex N-DRC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005930", "label": "axoneme", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/axoneme.html", "definition": "A microtubule-based bundle with associated proteins that forms the core of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097650", "label": "B axonemal microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/b_axonemal_microtubule.html", "definition": "The incomplete 10-protofilament B tubule of the axonemal doublet microtubule.", "synonyms": "B tubule" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:bactofilin_filament", "label": "bactofilin filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/bactofilin_filament.html", "definition": "A cytoskeletal filament assembled from beta-helical bactofilin proteins. In bacteria, these filaments provide scaffolds for species-specific cellular organization, including polar stalk biogenesis in Caulobacter vibrioides.", "synonyms": "bactofilin cytoskeleton Caulobacter BacA/BacB polar bactofilin scaffold" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_a_b_inner_junction", "label": "basal body A-B inner junction", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_a_b_inner_junction.html", "definition": "A protein network at the lumen-facing interface between the A- and B-tubules of a basal-body triplet microtubule, forming connections between the two tubules with region-specific composition.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_a_c_linker", "label": "basal body A-C linker", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_a_c_linker.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous intertriplet linkage connecting the A-microtubule of one triplet to the C-microtubule of the neighboring triplet in the wall of a ciliary basal body.", "synonyms": "A-C linker" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_a_tusk", "label": "basal body A-tusk", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_a_tusk.html", "definition": "A microtubule-associated subassembly in the proximal region of a ciliary basal body, identified in Paramecium tetraurelia as a protruding density between A-microtubule protofilaments A8 and A9, adjacent to but distinguishable from the A-C linker.", "synonyms": "A-tusk centriole A-tusk" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_b_c_inner_junction", "label": "basal body B-C inner junction", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_b_c_inner_junction.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous junction network at the lumen-facing interface between the B- and C-tubules of a basal-body triplet microtubule, connecting the two tubules with region-dependent composition.", "synonyms": "B-C inner junction" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_c_tubule_hook", "label": "basal body C-tubule hook", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_c_tubule_hook.html", "definition": "A hook-shaped proteinaceous linker at the external B-C interface of a basal-body microtubule triplet. In the distal half of isolated Chlamydomonas reinhardtii basal bodies, hook densities occupy the C1 position, extend across the outer surfaces of C2-C4, and recur along the triplet axis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_c_tubule_luminal_filament", "label": "basal body C-tubule luminal filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_c_tubule_luminal_filament.html", "definition": "A crescent-shaped proteinaceous filament inside the lumen of a basal-body C-tubule, spanning from protofilament C3 to the C6-C7 junction and occurring in a longitudinally repeated array in the distal half of isolated Chlamydomonas reinhardtii basal bodies.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_cartwheel", "label": "basal body cartwheel", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_cartwheel.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous hub-and-spoke assembly at the proximal region of a microbial ciliary basal body or pro-basal body. Its central hub bears nine radially arranged spokes that connect toward the surrounding microtubules; the hub and spokes extend longitudinally as a stacked scaffold.", "synonyms": "centriole cartwheel" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_cartwheel_inner_density", "label": "basal body cartwheel inner density", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_cartwheel_inner_density.html", "definition": "A morphologically distinct subassembly within the lumen of a microbial basal-body cartwheel hub, observed as a central electron-dense unit separate from the surrounding hub rings and radial spokes. Such units can repeat along the cartwheel axis, with nonuniform occupancy.", "synonyms": "cartwheel inner density CID centriole cartwheel inner density" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_d2_rod", "label": "basal body D2-rod", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_d2_rod.html", "definition": "A longitudinal subassembly at the periphery of a microbial ciliary basal-body or pro-basal-body cartwheel, linking the outer radial-spoke ends along the cartwheel axis. In characterized Chlamydomonas and Paramecium regions it is distinguishable from the pinhead and extends into the proximal cartwheel segment beyond the microtubule wall.", "synonyms": "centriole D2-rod D2 density" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_filamentous_cartwheel_inner_density", "label": "basal body filamentous cartwheel inner density", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_filamentous_cartwheel_inner_density.html", "definition": "An apparently continuous filamentous subassembly extending longitudinally within the lumen of a microbial basal-body cartwheel hub. It is morphologically distinguishable from the surrounding hub rings and spokes and from discontinuous cartwheel inner-density units.", "synonyms": "filamentous cartwheel inner density filamentous CID fCID" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_inner_scaffold", "label": "basal body inner scaffold", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_inner_scaffold.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous meshwork lining the lumen-facing surface of the central basal-body wall and interconnecting neighboring triplet microtubules through multiple attachment sites.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_pinhead", "label": "basal body pinhead", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_pinhead.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous subassembly on the luminal face of the A-tubule in the proximal region of a microbial ciliary basal body or pro-basal body, forming the peripheral connection toward the cartwheel spokes. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii it has a bent pinbody and two pinfeet attached to protofilament A3.", "synonyms": "centriole pinhead" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:basal_body_triplet_base", "label": "basal body triplet base", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_body_triplet_base.html", "definition": "A linker in the proximal region of a microbial ciliary basal body that connects the pinhead to the A-C linker. In Paramecium tetraurelia reconstructions it extends to the ArmB region of the A-C linker.", "synonyms": "centriole triplet base" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020032", "label": "basal ring of apical complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/basal_ring_of_apical_complex.html", "definition": "An electron dense ring at the most posterior position of the apical complex, from which the subpellicular microtubules originate; formed during an invasive life cycle stage of an apicomplexan parasite.", "synonyms": "lower polar ring of apical complex posterior polar ring of apical complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120120", "label": "bilobe structure", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/bilobe_structure.html", "definition": "A cytoskeletal structure in some kinetoplastid species linking the structures of the ciliary pocket collar and the flagellum attachment zone.", "synonyms": "kinetoplastid flagellar hook complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:btubab_bacterial_microtubule", "label": "BtubAB bacterial microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/btubab_bacterial_microtubule.html", "definition": "A bacterial cytoskeletal microtubule assembled from BtubA and BtubB tubulin homologs that form tube-like filaments in Prosthecobacter cells and in purified BtubA/B reactions.", "synonyms": "bacterial microtubule bMT" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990719", "label": "C1 axonemal microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/c1_axonemal_microtubule.html", "definition": "The asymmetric C1 singlet microtubule of the axonemal central pair.", "synonyms": "C1 tubule" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990720", "label": "C2 axonemal microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/c2_axonemal_microtubule.html", "definition": "The asymmetric C2 singlet microtubule of the axonemal central pair.", "synonyms": "C2 tubule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000142", "label": "cellular bud neck contractile ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cellular_bud_neck_contractile_ring.html", "definition": "A contractile ring, i.e. a cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments and myosin, that forms beneath the plasma membrane at the mother-bud neck in mitotic cells that divide by budding in preparation for completing cytokinesis. An example of this structure is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.", "synonyms": "neck ring" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032174", "label": "cellular bud neck septin collar", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cellular_bud_neck_septin_collar.html", "definition": "A tubular structure with flared ends, shaped like an hourglass and composed of highly ordered arrays of septin filaments, that forms at the bud neck of a dividing cell. In S. cerevisiae, this structure is located at the bud neck throughout most of the cell cycle and the septins are fixed within the structure, not exchanging with soluble septins. This septin structure acts as a scaffold for other proteins that function at the bud neck.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000144", "label": "cellular bud neck septin ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cellular_bud_neck_septin_ring.html", "definition": "A ring-shaped structure that forms at the site of cytokinesis in the bud neck of a budding cell; composed of members of the conserved family of filament forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. In S. cerevisiae, this structure forms at the time of bud emergence and the septins show a high rate of exchange.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032177", "label": "cellular bud neck split septin rings", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cellular_bud_neck_split_septin_rings.html", "definition": "Two separate septin rings that are formed from the septin collar at the time of cytokinesis in cells that divide by budding. These two rings are thought to delineate a special compartment in which factors involved in cytokinesis are concentrated.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061493", "label": "central plaque of mitotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/central_plaque_of_mitotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "One of three laminate structures that form the mitotic spindle pole body; the central plaque is embedded in the nuclear envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005823", "label": "central plaque of spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/central_plaque_of_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the central plaque is embedded in the nuclear envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:cetz_filament", "label": "CetZ filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cetz_filament.html", "definition": "An archaeal tubulin-like cytoskeletal filament assembled from CetZ proteins that forms dynamic envelope-associated structures and supports cell-shape remodeling such as rod development in Haloferax volcanii.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032166", "label": "chlamydospore septin filament array", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/chlamydospore_septin_filament_array.html", "definition": "Arrays of septin filaments, or bars, found in a series of filamentous structures. Observed in the chlamydospore membrane during chlamydospore formation.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036064", "label": "ciliary basal body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ciliary_basal_body.html", "definition": "A membrane-tethered, short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum that derives from a centriole, anchors the cilium and nucleates axonemal microtubule growth.", "synonyms": "cilial basal body cilium basal body kinetosome microtubule basal body basal body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120269", "label": "ciliary centrin arm", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ciliary_centrin_arm.html", "definition": "A rod-shaped protein complex containing Centrin4 protein that flanks the flagellum attachment zone (FAZ) filament and the quartet microtubules.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990900", "label": "ciliary pocket collar", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ciliary_pocket_collar.html", "definition": "A constriction site at the junction of the plasma, flagellar and flagellar pocket membranes where the flagellum emerges from the cell body. Observed in some unicellular eukaryotic species such as Chlamydomonas, Giardia and Trypanosoma.", "synonyms": "cilium pocket collar flagellar pocket collar flagellum pocket collar FPC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120280", "label": "ciliary pro-basal body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ciliary_pro_basal_body.html", "definition": "The cilary pro-basal body is an immature, partially assembled form of a ciliary basal body found next to the basal body of a cilium. Pro-basal bodies are not capable of nucleating a cilium. As the cell progresses through the cell cycle, continuing assembly will convert the pro-basal body into a mature basal body that is capable of nucleating a cilium. An immature precursor of the ciliary basal body assembled orthogonally adjacent to a mother basal body during the cell cycle in flagellated and ciliated microbial eukaryotes such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Trypanosoma brucei, and Tetrahymena thermophila. It comprises a SAS-6/Bld10p cartwheel hub and nascent microtubule blades that elongate and mature into a docking-competent basal body.", "synonyms": "pro-basal body pro-centriole probasal body flagellar pro-basal body flagellar probasal body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035253", "label": "ciliary rootlet", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ciliary_rootlet.html", "definition": "A cytoskeleton-like structure, originating from the basal body at the proximal end of a cilium, and extending proximally toward the cell nucleus. Rootlets are typically 80-100 nm in diameter and contain cross striae distributed at regular intervals of approximately 55-70 nm.", "synonyms": "cilial rootlet cilium rootlet flagellar root striated rootlet" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032161", "label": "cleavage apparatus septin structure", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cleavage_apparatus_septin_structure.html", "definition": "Any of a series of structures composed of septins and septin-associated proteins localized to the cleavage plane which are involved in cytokinesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020010", "label": "conoid", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/conoid.html", "definition": "A spiral cytoskeletal structure located at the apical end of the apical complex in some apicomplexan parasites. Fibers form a left-handed spiral, and are comprised of tubulin protofilaments organized in a ribbon-like structure that differs from the conventional tubular structure characteristic of microtubules.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:crescentin_filament", "label": "crescentin filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/crescentin_filament.html", "definition": "A bacterial intermediate filament-like cytoskeletal filament assembled from crescentin that localizes along the inner curvature of Caulobacter vibrioides cells and helps maintain their curved cell shape.", "synonyms": "CreS filament bacterial intermediate filament-like crescentin filament" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:cryptophyte_cortical_centrin_network", "label": "cryptophyte cortical centrin network", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cryptophyte_cortical_centrin_network.html", "definition": "A peripheral centrin-positive cytoskeletal network observed in cryptophyte cells by ultrastructure expansion microscopy. It forms a regular hexagonal mesh in Rhinomonas nottbeckii and shows variable network patterns among Rhodomonas isolates. The assembly is distinct from basal-body-associated centrin structures and from the periplast itself.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097268", "label": "cytoophidium", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cytoophidium.html", "definition": "A filamentous, membrane-less subcellular structure composed primarily of polymerized metabolic enzymes, most notably cytidine triphosphate synthase (CTPS). Cytoophidia are evolutionarily conserved structures found across archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes.", "synonyms": "CtpS filament CTPS cytoophidium" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005881", "label": "cytoplasmic microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cytoplasmic_microtubule.html", "definition": "Any microtubule in the cytoplasm of a cell.", "synonyms": "non-spindle-associated astral microtubule" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:cytostomal_cord", "label": "cytostomal cord", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/cytostomal_cord.html", "definition": "A largely unbranched, centrin-containing extension of the infraciliary lattice associated with the cytostome-cytopharynx region, characterized in Paramecium. It is a named fibrillar substructure, not the entire lattice or the adjacent cytopharyngeal microtubular ribbons.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032123", "label": "deep fiber", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/deep_fiber.html", "definition": "Inward projections of the cytoskeletal structures of the oral apparatus, which form a fiber that extends past the cytostome into the cytoplasm.", "synonyms": "deep fibre" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:distal_connecting_fiber", "label": "distal connecting fiber", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/distal_connecting_fiber.html", "definition": "A centrin-containing fibrous bridge connecting the distal regions of paired flagellar basal bodies in green algae. It is distinct from proximal connecting fibers and nucleus-directed rootlets; cross-striation differs between the documented examples.", "synonyms": "distal basal body connecting fiber distal striated fiber DSF distal fiber" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036286", "label": "eisosome filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/eisosome_filament.html", "definition": "A filamentous cortical structure formed, in S. pombe, by the eisosome component Pil1.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061645", "label": "endocytic patch", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/endocytic_patch.html", "definition": "The part of the cell cortex consisting of an aggregation of proteins that will give rise to an endocytic vesicle. A discrete, transient cortical assembly of clathrin coat proteins, endocytic adaptors (Ede1, Sla1, Sla2, Ent1/2), WASP/myosin-I nucleation-promoting factors (Las17, Myo3/5), Arp2/3-nucleated branched actin filaments, and BAR-domain scission proteins (Rvs161–Rvs167) at the plasma membrane of yeasts and filamentous fungi. The endocytic patch couples localized Arp2/3 actin polymerization to membrane invagination against high intracellular turgor pressure.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:entodiniomorphid_subkinetal_myoneme_system", "label": "Entodiniomorphid subkinetal myoneme system", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/entodiniomorphid_subkinetal_myoneme_system.html", "definition": "A system of calmyonemin-containing contractile filament bundles associated with the bases of retractile apical ciliature in entodiniomorphid ciliates, characterized in Eudiplodinium maggii and Entodinium bursa. This record denotes the subkinetal bundles, not all other calmyonemin-positive arrays or the cilia themselves.", "synonyms": "subkinetal myonemes" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000923", "label": "equatorial microtubule organizing center", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/equatorial_microtubule_organizing_center.html", "definition": "A microtubule organizing center formed by a band of gamma-tubulin that is recruited to a circumferential band of F-actin at the midpoint of a cell and which nucleates microtubules from the cell division site at the end of mitosis.", "synonyms": "EMTOC equatorial microtubule organising centre" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120119", "label": "flagellum attachment zone", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/flagellum_attachment_zone.html", "definition": "A network of cytoskeletal and membranous connections responsible for the lateral attachment of the cilium to the cell body in some trypanosomatid species.", "synonyms": "FAZ" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:funis", "label": "funis", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/funis.html", "definition": "A Giardia trophozoite cytoskeletal structure composed of short microtubule arrays that emanate from the caudal flagellar axonemes, anchor to dense rods running parallel to the posterior-lateral flagella, and after posterior-lateral flagellar emergence anchor to the epiplasm beneath the contractile tail membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000930", "label": "gamma-tubulin complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/gamma_tubulin_complex.html", "definition": "A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins. Gamma-tubulin complexes are localized to microtubule organizing centers, and play an important role in the nucleation of microtubules. The number and complexity of non-tubulin proteins associated with these complexes varies between species. A conserved multi-subunit protein complex containing gamma-tubulin (Tub4p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and gamma-tubulin complex proteins (GCPs such as Spc97p and Spc98p) that templates and nucleates microtubule polymerization at microtubule organizing centers, including fungal spindle pole bodies and protist basal bodies. By capping the minus end of nascent microtubules, the gamma-tubulin complex sets microtubule polarity and protofilament number.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000931", "label": "gamma-tubulin ring complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/gamma_tubulin_ring_complex.html", "definition": "A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes. An example of this structure is found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. A large lock-washer-shaped multiprotein complex (gamma-TuRC) assembled from multiple gamma-tubulin small complexes (gamma-TuSCs) together with additional gamma-tubulin ring proteins (GCP4/Gfh1, GCP5/Mod21, GCP6/Alp16) and Mzt1. In fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), filamentous fungi, and ciliated protists, gamma-TuRC localizes to spindle pole bodies, interphase and equatorial MTOCs, and basal bodies to nucleate and cap microtubule minus ends.", "synonyms": "gamma-TuRC gamma-tubulin large complex, centrosomal gamma-tubulin large complex, eMTOC gamma-tubulin large complex, equatorial microtubule organizing center gamma-tubulin large complex, equatorial microtubule organizing centre gamma-tubulin large complex, iMTOC gamma-tubulin large complex, interphase microtubule organizing center gamma-tubulin large complex, interphase microtubule organizing centre gamma-tubulin large complex, mitotic spindle pole body gamma-tubulin large complex, spindle pole body gamma-tubulin ring complex, centrosomal gamma-tubulin large complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0008275", "label": "gamma-tubulin small complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/gamma_tubulin_small_complex.html", "definition": "A complex usually comprising two gamma-tubulin molecules and two conserved non-tubulin proteins. Some gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the repeating unit making up the core of the gamma-tubulin ring complex. A heterotetrameric core nucleation subcomplex (gamma-TuSC) composed of two molecules of gamma-tubulin (Tub4p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) bound to one molecule each of GCP2 (Spc97p) and GCP3 (Spc98p). In budding yeast and other fungi lacking GCP4–6, gamma-TuSC is the fundamental building block that oligomerizes into a 13-protofilament helical ring upon binding Spc110p or Spc72p at the spindle pole body.", "synonyms": "gammaTuSC Tub4 complex gamma-tubulin small complex, centrosomal gamma-tubulin small complex, mitotic spindle pole body gamma-tubulin small complex, spindle pole body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032171", "label": "germ tube septin cap", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/germ_tube_septin_cap.html", "definition": "A faint structure formed of septins found at the leading edge of growth in germ tubes of fungal cells growing filamentously. This cap of septins colocalizes with a region of the plasma membrane that is rich in ergosterol.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032172", "label": "germ tube septin ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/germ_tube_septin_ring.html", "definition": "A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane within the germ tube of filamentous fungi at sites where a septum will form; composed of septins as well as septin-associated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990317", "label": "Gin4 complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/gin4_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex involved in septin ring formation during mitosis. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae it consists of BNI5, CDC3, CDC10, CDC11, CDC12, GIN4, NAP1 and SHS1. At least 2 GIN4 molecules are involved.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061496", "label": "half bridge of mitotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/half_bridge_of_mitotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "Structure adjacent to the plaques of the mitotic spindle pole body.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005825", "label": "half bridge of spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/half_bridge_of_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "Structure adjacent to the plaques of the spindle pole body.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032117", "label": "horsetail-astral microtubule array", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/horsetail_astral_microtubule_array.html", "definition": "An array of astral microtubules that emanates from the spindle pole body during meiosis and facilitates horsetail nuclear movement.", "synonyms": "HAA" }, { "identifier": "GO:0062140", "label": "hyphae septin collar", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/hyphae_septin_collar.html", "definition": "A septin collar in pathogenic fungi involved in the constriction of hyphae at the plant plasmodesma enabling penetration of an adjacent cell.", "synonyms": "septin collar of invasive hyphae" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032163", "label": "hyphal septin band", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/hyphal_septin_band.html", "definition": "A septin band, i.e. a diffuse ring composed of a series of septin bars running parallel to the long axis of the cell, located at the junction between the mother cell and the germ tube (hypha) of a fungal cell growing filamentously.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032164", "label": "hyphal septin cap", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/hyphal_septin_cap.html", "definition": "A faint structure formed of septins found at the leading edge of growth in hyphae of fungal cells growing filamentously. This cap of septins colocalizes with a region of the plasma membrane that is rich in ergosterol.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032168", "label": "hyphal septin ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/hyphal_septin_ring.html", "definition": "A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane within hyphae of filamentous fungi at sites where a septum will form; composed of septins as well as septin-associated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:icl1e_complex", "label": "ICL1e complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/icl1e_complex.html", "definition": "A basal-body-associated centrin assembly described in Paramecium tetraurelia as a functional complex of ICL1e-subfamily proteins. It appears as a discrete ICL1e-positive dot and persists in cells lacking the extended infraciliary lattice; it is distinct from the whole lattice and from the complete infraciliary-lattice organizing-centre remnant.", "synonyms": "ICL1e dot" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:infraciliary_lattice", "label": "infraciliary lattice", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/infraciliary_lattice.html", "definition": "A subcortical, calcium-responsive contractile network of centrin-containing filaments in Paramecium, assembled with Sfi1-like centrin-binding proteins. The mesh extends beneath the cell surface and is distinct from the basal-body-associated organizing centres and ICL1e complex that can persist when the extended lattice is lost.", "synonyms": "ICL" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036156", "label": "inner dynein arm", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/inner_dynein_arm.html", "definition": "An axonemal dynein complex that forms an inner dynein arm on ciliary and flagellar outer doublet microtubules.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061497", "label": "inner plaque of mitotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/inner_plaque_of_mitotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "One of three laminate structures that form the mitotic spindle pole body; the inner plaque is in the nucleus.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005822", "label": "inner plaque of spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/inner_plaque_of_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the inner plaque is in the nucleus.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061498", "label": "intermediate layer of mitotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/intermediate_layer_of_mitotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "The layer of the mitotic spindle pole body between the central plaque and the outer plaque.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005821", "label": "intermediate layer of spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/intermediate_layer_of_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "The layer of the spindle pole body between the central plaque and the outer plaque.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031021", "label": "interphase microtubule organizing center", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/interphase_microtubule_organizing_center.html", "definition": "A microtubule organizing center found in interphase cells, which organize a longitudinal array of three to five MT bundles from the nuclear envelope during interphase. Each MT bundle is composed of two to seven MTs arranged in an antiparallel configuration, with the dynamic MT plus ends extending toward the cell tips and stable minus ends near the nucleus.", "synonyms": "iMTOC interphase MTOC interphase microtubule organising center" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160066", "label": "interphase SIN signaling complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/interphase_sin_signaling_complex.html", "definition": "A SIN signaling complex associated with the old spindle pole body during interphase in an inhibitory configuration. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the Byr4-Cdc16 GAP inhibits the Spg1 GTPase. Dma1-dependent ubiquitination of the Sid4 scaffold antagonizes Plo1 recruitment in G2 and during a mitotic checkpoint arrest.", "synonyms": "interphase SIN signalling complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033289", "label": "intraconoid microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/intraconoid_microtubule.html", "definition": "A microtubule located such that it threads through the conoid and projects through the polar ring.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mamk_filament", "label": "MamK filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mamk_filament.html", "definition": "An actin-like bacterial cytoskeletal filament assembled from MamK proteins that runs alongside magnetosomes in magnetotactic bacteria and helps organize the organelles into chains.", "synonyms": "MamK actin-like filament magnetosome-associated MamK filament" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990819", "label": "mating projection actin fusion focus", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mating_projection_actin_fusion_focus.html", "definition": "A focus at the mating projection tip where the cell wall is degraded during cytogamy. Actin filaments form an aster-like structure from this location.", "synonyms": "actin fusion focus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032162", "label": "mating projection septin band", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mating_projection_septin_band.html", "definition": "A septin band, i.e. a diffuse ring composed of a series of septin bars running parallel to the long axis of the cell, located at the neck of a shmoo (mating projection).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032175", "label": "mating projection septin ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mating_projection_septin_ring.html", "definition": "A septin ring, i.e. a ring-shaped structure composed of septins and septin-associated proteins, located at the neck of a shmoo (mating projection). The septin ring in the neck of a shmoo may act as a barrier to localize mating factors in the shmoo tip.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036391", "label": "medial cortex septin ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/medial_cortex_septin_ring.html", "definition": "A ring-shaped structure that forms at the medial cortex of a symmetrically dividing cell at the onset of cytokinesis; composed of members of the conserved family of filament forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097568", "label": "median body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/median_body.html", "definition": "A non-membrane bound, semi-organized microtubule array of unknown function found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is located on the dorsal side of the trophozoite, slightly posterior to the ventral disc.", "synonyms": "parabasal body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0110086", "label": "meiotic actomyosin contractile ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/meiotic_actomyosin_contractile_ring.html", "definition": "A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments, myosin, and myosin-associated proteins that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the meiotic spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two future daughter cells. In animal cells, the meiotic contractile ring is located inside the plasma membrane at the location of the cleavage furrow. In fungal cells, the meiotic contractile ring forms beneath the plasma membrane of the prospore envelope in preparation for completing cytokinesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034993", "label": "meiotic nuclear membrane microtubule tethering complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/meiotic_nuclear_membrane_microtubule_tethering_complex.html", "definition": "A nuclear membrane protein complex which connects the nuclear outer and inner membranes together, and links links the nuclear lumen to cytoplasmic microtubules during meiosis. A specialized nuclear-envelope-spanning multiprotein tethering complex assembled during meiotic prophase in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) and related fungi that links clustered meiotic telomeres (via Bqt1–Bqt2) through the inner nuclear membrane SUN protein Sad1 and outer nuclear membrane KASH protein Kms1 to cytoplasmic dynein (Dhc1) and the hrs1/mcp6-organized horsetail microtubule array.", "synonyms": "LINC complex LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton complex SUN-KASH complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:meiotic_outer_plaque", "label": "meiotic outer plaque", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/meiotic_outer_plaque.html", "definition": "A sporulation-specific cytoplasmic plaque that forms on meiosis II spindle pole bodies in budding yeast after outer-plaque remodeling and nucleates prospore membrane assembly.", "synonyms": "meiosis II outer plaque MOP" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032152", "label": "meiotic septin complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/meiotic_septin_complex.html", "definition": "A heterooligomeric septin complex that acts during meiotic cell division.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035974", "label": "meiotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/meiotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "The microtubule organizing center that forms as part of the meiotic cell cycle; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005874", "label": "microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/microtubule.html", "definition": "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle.", "synonyms": "microtubuli microtubulus neurotubule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0110085", "label": "mitotic actomyosin contractile ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mitotic_actomyosin_contractile_ring.html", "definition": "A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments, myosin, and myosin-associated proteins that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mitotic spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that divides the cytoplasm of the two future daughter cells. In animal cells, the mitotic contractile ring is located inside the plasma membrane at the location of the cleavage furrow. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Myo1 localizes to a ring at the future bud site before bud emergence; actin joins this ring at the mother-bud neck near the end of anaphase to form the cytokinetic actomyosin ring.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032151", "label": "mitotic septin complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mitotic_septin_complex.html", "definition": "A heterooligomeric septin complex that acts during mitotic cell division.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0072686", "label": "mitotic spindle", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mitotic_spindle.html", "definition": "A spindle that forms as part of mitosis. Mitotic and meiotic spindles contain distinctive complements of proteins associated with microtubules.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044732", "label": "mitotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mitotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "The microtubule organizing center that forms as part of the mitotic cell cycle; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mreb_filament", "label": "MreB filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/mreb_filament.html", "definition": "The actin-like cytoskeletal filament of rod-shaped bacteria. MreB polymerises into short membrane-associated filaments that circle the cell at an angle to its long axis and move processively around it, carrying the elongasome — the peptidoglycan synthases that widen the sidewall — so that new wall material is inserted where the filaments travel. It is a homologue of eukaryotic actin by fold, not by sequence identity.", "synonyms": "bacterial actin" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071958", "label": "new mitotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/new_mitotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "The spindle pole body that is formed by spindle pole body duplication, and to which proteins involved in mitotic exit signaling (for example, the septation initiation network in fission yeast) localize.", "synonyms": "new SPB" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160067", "label": "new spindle pole body SIN signaling complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/new_spindle_pole_body_sin_signaling_complex.html", "definition": "A SIN signaling complex associated with the new mitotic spindle pole body during anaphase and characterized by the presence activated (GTP bound) GTPase (Spg1 in fission yeast) to activate SIN signaling.", "synonyms": "new spindle pole body SIN signalling complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005880", "label": "nuclear microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/nuclear_microtubule.html", "definition": "Any microtubule in the nucleus of a cell.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:nucleus_basal_body_connector", "label": "nucleus-basal body connector", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/nucleus_basal_body_connector.html", "definition": "A centrin-containing fibrous root system that links flagellar basal bodies to the nuclear surface. It is a specialized nucleus-associated rootlet system, not the entire basal apparatus or the fibers connecting basal bodies to one another.", "synonyms": "NBBC nucleo-basal body connector basal body-nucleus connector rhizoplast system II fiber" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071957", "label": "old mitotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/old_mitotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "The spindle pole body that existed before the most recent spindle pole body duplication. In unperturbed Schizosaccharomyces pombe mitosis, septation initiation network activity becomes restricted to the new pole in late anaphase B, after activity at both poles earlier in mitosis.", "synonyms": "old SPB" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036157", "label": "outer dynein arm", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/outer_dynein_arm.html", "definition": "An axonemal dynein complex that forms the outer dynein arm on ciliary and flagellar outer doublet microtubules and contains dynein heavy, intermediate and light chains.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061499", "label": "outer plaque of mitotic spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/outer_plaque_of_mitotic_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "One of three laminate structures that form the mitotic spindle pole body; the outer plaque is in the cytoplasm.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005824", "label": "outer plaque of spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/outer_plaque_of_spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the outer plaque is in the cytoplasm.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:parm_filament", "label": "ParM filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/parm_filament.html", "definition": "A plasmid-encoded bacterial actin-like cytoskeletal filament assembled from ParM that is captured and stabilized by ParR-parC plasmid-centromere complexes to support active segregation of low-copy-number plasmids such as Escherichia coli R1.", "synonyms": "R1 ParM filament bacterial actin-like ParM filament" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:peritrich_body_myoneme_system", "label": "Peritrich body myoneme system", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/peritrich_body_myoneme_system.html", "definition": "An interconnected contractile fiber system in the cell body of peritrich ciliates, comprising longitudinal and peristomial fibers. In Vorticella, body myonemes converge aborally into the distinct stalk spasmoneme. This record denotes the body network, not the stalk organelle, ciliary apparatus or an individual protein.", "synonyms": "body myonemes myoneme system" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:phuz_spindle", "label": "PhuZ spindle", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/phuz_spindle.html", "definition": "A phage-encoded tubulin-like cytoskeletal spindle assembled from PhuZ polymers that positions the jumbo-phage nucleus in infected bacterial cells.", "synonyms": "phage tubulin spindle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020031", "label": "polar ring of apical complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/polar_ring_of_apical_complex.html", "definition": "An electron dense ring at the most anterior position of the apical complex, from which the conoid fibers originate; formed during an invasive life cycle stage of an apicomplexan parasite.", "synonyms": "anterior polar ring of apical complex upper polar ring of apical complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990295", "label": "post-anaphase microtubule array", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/post_anaphase_microtubule_array.html", "definition": "A cytoskeletal part that consists of an array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms at the end of anaphase, and in which microtubules are nucleated from an equatorial microtubule organizing center.", "synonyms": "PAA post-anaphase array" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032157", "label": "prospore contractile ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/prospore_contractile_ring.html", "definition": "A contractile ring composed of actin filaments and myosin that forms beneath the plasma membrane of the prospore envelope in meiotic cells in preparation for completing cytokinesis.", "synonyms": "actomyosin ring cytokinetic ring meiotic contractile ring" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032165", "label": "prospore septin filament array", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/prospore_septin_filament_array.html", "definition": "Arrays of septin filaments, or bars, found in a series of filamentous structures; observed in the prospore membrane during spore formation.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032169", "label": "prospore septin ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/prospore_septin_ring.html", "definition": "A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane at the site of cytokinesis in a prospore; composed of septins as well as septin-associated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032170", "label": "pseudohyphal septin ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/pseudohyphal_septin_ring.html", "definition": "A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane at the junction between the mother cell and a pseudohyphal projection; composed of septins as well as septin-associated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:quiescent_cell_microtubule_bundle", "label": "quiescent cell microtubule bundle", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/quiescent_cell_microtubule_bundle.html", "definition": "A stable antiparallel cytoplasmic microtubule bundle assembled during nutrient-exhaustion-induced quiescence in fission yeast, characterized in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. It contains closely packed microtubules, is usually associated with the spindle pole body, and is distinct from the nuclear microtubule array of quiescent budding yeast.", "synonyms": "Q-MT bundle quiescent cell MT bundle" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:quiescent_nuclear_microtubule_bundle", "label": "quiescent nuclear microtubule bundle", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/quiescent_nuclear_microtubule_bundle.html", "definition": "A stable monopolar bundle of parallel nuclear microtubules formed during glucose-exhaustion-induced quiescence, characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The bundle extends from the nuclear face of the spindle pole body and reorganizes kinetochore and centromere distribution; it is distinct from the antiparallel cytoplasmic quiescent-cell bundle of fission yeast.", "synonyms": "Q-nMT bundle quiescent-cell nuclear microtubule bundle" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:radial_microtubule_organizing_center", "label": "radial microtubule organizing center", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/radial_microtubule_organizing_center.html", "definition": "A transient, Hrs1/Mcp6-dependent, gamma-tubulin-enriched amorphous microtubule-organizing assembly at the cytoplasmic side of the spindle pole body during Schizosaccharomyces pombe meiotic prophase, distinct from the spindle pole body core, that organizes the radial microtubule array used in horsetail nuclear movement.", "synonyms": "rMTOC rMT organizing center" }, { "identifier": "GO:0001534", "label": "radial spoke", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/radial_spoke.html", "definition": "A ciliary and flagellar axonemal protein complex with a stalk attached to each outer-doublet A-tubule and a head that projects toward the central-pair microtubule sheath.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0001535", "label": "radial spoke head", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/radial_spoke_head.html", "definition": "Protein complex forming portion of the radial spoke that is orthogonal to the elongated stalk and which projects towards the central pair of microtubules within the ciliary or flagellum axoneme.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120343", "label": "radial spoke neck", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/radial_spoke_neck.html", "definition": "The radial spoke neck is a complex that connects the spoke stalk to the head.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0001536", "label": "radial spoke stalk", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/radial_spoke_stalk.html", "definition": "Protein complex forming the elongated portion of the radial spoke between the base which binds to the A-tubule of each microtubule outer doublet and the neck which connects to the spoke head within the ciliary or flagellum axoneme.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990612", "label": "Sad1-Kms1 LINC complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/sad1_kms1_linc_complex.html", "definition": "A LINC complex implicated in the connection of DNA double strand breaks to the cytoskeleton during DNA double-strand break repair. The canonical fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex spanning the inner and outer nuclear membranes, composed of the inner nuclear membrane SUN-domain protein Sad1 and the outer nuclear membrane KASH-domain protein Kms1 (and Kms2). During meiotic prophase, the Sad1–Kms1 LINC complex interacts with Bqt1–Bqt2 on the nucleoplasmic side and cytoplasmic dynein motors on the cytoplasmic side to gather telomeres to the spindle pole body and transmit microtubule forces across the nuclear envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032158", "label": "septin band", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/septin_band.html", "definition": "A diffuse ring composed of a series of septin bars that run parallel to the long axis of the cell. This type of septin structure has been observed in a number of locations associated with polarized growth and/or deposition of new membrane, but not with cytokinesis, such as at the shmoo (mating projection) neck, at the junction between the mother cell and the germ tube (hypha) of a fungal cell growing filamentously.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032159", "label": "septin cap", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/septin_cap.html", "definition": "A faint structure formed of septins found at the leading edge of growth in germ tubes and hyphae in fungal cells growing filamentously. This cap of septins colocalizes with a region of the plasma membrane that is rich in ergosterol.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032173", "label": "septin collar", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/septin_collar.html", "definition": "A tubular, hourglass-shaped structure composed of highly ordered arrays of septin filaments; in budding yeast cells, the septin collar forms from the initial septin ring by expanding into the daughter cell.", "synonyms": "septin hourglass" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031105", "label": "septin complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/septin_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex containing septins. Typically, these complexes contain multiple septins and are oligomeric.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032156", "label": "septin cytoskeleton", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/septin_cytoskeleton.html", "definition": "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of septins and associated proteins. Includes septin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. The network of GTP-binding septin hetero-oligomeric rods (Cdc3–Cdc10–Cdc11–Cdc12–Shs1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and higher-order filaments, rings, collars, and gauzes associated with the inner face of the plasma membrane in yeasts, filamentous fungi, and green algae. The septin cytoskeleton acts as a cortical diffusion barrier and spatial scaffold that recruits cytokinetic, cell-wall-synthetic, and morphogenesis checkpoint proteins to the bud neck, hyphal branch sites, and prospore membranes.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032160", "label": "septin filament array", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/septin_filament_array.html", "definition": "Arrays of septin filaments, or bars, found in a series of filamentous structures. Such structures have been observed in the prospore membrane during spore formation in S. cerevisiae and in the chlamydospore membrane during chlamydospore formation in C. albicans.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005940", "label": "septin ring", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/septin_ring.html", "definition": "A tight ring-shaped septin-based cytoskeletal structure that forms at the cell cortex in the division plane, including the bud-neck septin ring of budding yeast and related fungal septin rings at septation sites.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160065", "label": "SIN/MEN signaling complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/sin_men_signaling_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex associated with the mitotic spindle pole body during interphase and mitosis and comprises of the proteins of the septation initiation signaling network (SIN) of fission yeast or mitotic exit network (MEN) of budding yeast, organized by two scaffold/adaptor proteins.", "synonyms": "SIN/MEN signalling complex MEN signaling complex SIN signaling complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990334", "label": "SIN/MEN two-component GAP complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/sin_men_two_component_gap_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that acts as a two-component GTPase-activating protein for the Tem1/Spg1 GTPase, thus regulating a signal transduction cascade (the mitotic exit network, MEN, in budding yeast; the septation initiation network, SIN, in fission yeast), which is required for mitotic exit and cytokinesis. The complex keeps the GTPase inactive until the spindle is properly oriented, thus inhibiting MEN/SIN activation.", "synonyms": "Bfa1-Bub2 complex Byr4-Cdc16 GAP complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:sinister_fiber", "label": "sinister fiber", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/sinister_fiber.html", "definition": "A striated, wedge-shaped fibrous linker connecting a flagellar basal body to a five-microtubule s-type root in Spermatozopsis similis. Its BAp95-containing assembly is distinct from the root microtubules, SF-assemblin fibers, centrin fibers and proximal interbasal plates.", "synonyms": "sf-fiber 1sf-fiber 2sf-fiber" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005819", "label": "spindle", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/spindle.html", "definition": "The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart. The bipolar array of microtubules, microtubule-associated proteins, and motor proteins (kinesins and dynein) organized between two spindle pole bodies or centrosomal poles that aligns and segregates chromosomes during mitosis or meiosis in yeasts, fungi, microalgae, and protists. The spindle comprises kinetochore microtubules that capture sister chromatids, antiparallel interpolar microtubules crosslinked by Ase1/PRC1 and Cin8/Kip1 motors, and astral microtubules.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005876", "label": "spindle microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/spindle_microtubule.html", "definition": "Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0051233", "label": "spindle midzone", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/spindle_midzone.html", "definition": "The area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap. In yeasts, fungi, and microbial eukaryotes, the spindle midzone is organized by antiparallel microtubule crosslinkers (Ase1/PRC1), kinesin-5 motors (Cin8, Kip1), and the chromosomal passenger complex (Ipl1/Aurora B, Sli15/INCENP, Bir1), driving anaphase B spindle elongation and stabilizing the central spindle.", "synonyms": "central spindle overlap zone" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000922", "label": "spindle pole", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/spindle_pole.html", "definition": "Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules. In yeasts, fungi, microalgae, and protists, the two opposite spindle poles contain the spindle pole body or centrosomal MTOC together with minus-end focusing kinesin-14 motors, NuMA/Pkl1/Mto1 factors, and gamma-tubulin ring complexes that anchor kinetochore, interpolar, and astral microtubule minus ends.", "synonyms": "mitotic spindle pole" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005816", "label": "spindle pole body", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/spindle_pole_body.html", "definition": "The microtubule-organizing center in fungi, functionally homologous to the animal centrosome.", "synonyms": "SPB" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:spindle_pole_body_duplication_plaque", "label": "spindle pole body duplication plaque", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/spindle_pole_body_duplication_plaque.html", "definition": "A transient cytoplasmic plaque intermediate formed after spindle pole body satellite expansion during daughter spindle pole body assembly in budding yeast.", "synonyms": "SPB duplication plaque" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:spindle_pole_body_satellite", "label": "spindle pole body satellite", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/spindle_pole_body_satellite.html", "definition": "A transient cytoplasmic precursor of the daughter spindle pole body that forms at the distal tip of the half bridge during spindle pole body duplication in budding yeast.", "synonyms": "SPB satellite" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:spirostomum_myoneme_fishnet", "label": "Spirostomum myoneme fishnet", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/spirostomum_myoneme_fishnet.html", "definition": "A mesh-like cortical myoneme characterized in Spirostomum, containing intersecting centrin/spasmin-rich fibrillar bundles and giant Sfi1-like scaffold proteins. The extended network shortens during calcium-triggered cell contraction and is distinct from adjacent microtubule bundles and from an isolated scaffold-centrin protein complex.", "synonyms": "Spirostomum mesh-like contractile fibrillar system myoneme" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032176", "label": "split septin rings", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/split_septin_rings.html", "definition": "A pair of rings that flank the site of cell division, formed by splitting of the septin ring (or collar) prior to cytokinesis; this double ring structure is thought to trap proteins needed for cytokinesis or the formation of the new membrane or cell wall between the two septin rings. Split septin rings are known to occur in budding yeast cells and probably occur in other cell types as well.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:stalk_spasmoneme", "label": "Stalk spasmoneme", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/stalk_spasmoneme.html", "definition": "An intracellular contractile fibrillar organelle within the stalk of contractile-stalk peritrich ciliates. A spasmin-rich fibrillar mass is interspersed with membrane-bounded tubules. Shortening deforms the surrounding stalk; the organelle is distinct from the extracellular sheath and from the continuous body myoneme network.", "synonyms": "vorticellid spasmoneme stalk myoneme spasmoneme" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:stentor_km_fiber", "label": "Stentor Km fiber", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/stentor_km_fiber.html", "definition": "A longitudinal cortical bundle of overlapping microtubule ribbons in Stentor, characterized ultrastructurally in S. coeruleus. Ribbons originate beside successive basal-body pairs and overlap alongside a ciliary row; the bundle is distinct from the deeper contractile myonemes.", "synonyms": "km fibers" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:stentor_myoneme_system", "label": "Stentor myoneme system", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/stentor_myoneme_system.html", "definition": "The cortical system of longitudinal contractile filament bundles, historically termed M bands, characterized in Stentor coeruleus. Its prominent posterior myonemes are distinct from the adjacent microtubular Km fibers; this record does not denote every centrin-containing cortical assembly.", "synonyms": "Stentor M-band system myonemes" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:stentor_perialgal_microtubule_meshwork", "label": "Stentor perialgal microtubule meshwork", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/stentor_perialgal_microtubule_meshwork.html", "definition": "An irregular cortical microtubule meshwork characterized in Stentor pyriformis, with gaps occupied by algal endosymbionts in perialgal vacuoles. The named basket system denotes host cytoskeletal architecture, not regular cages, the symbionts themselves, their vacuole membranes, or the longitudinal Km-fiber bundles.", "synonyms": "microtubule basket system" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020025", "label": "subpellicular microtubule", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/subpellicular_microtubule.html", "definition": "A singlet microtubule that lies underneath the inner membrane pellicle complex and emanates from the basal ring of the conoid.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070850", "label": "TACC/TOG complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/tacc_tog_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that contains the transforming acidic coiled coil (TACC) protein and the TOG protein (Mia1p/Alp7p and Alp14, respectively, in fission yeast), and is involved in microtubule array remodeling as cells progress through the cell cycle. The TACC/TOG complex is conserved in eukaryotes, associates with microtubules, and shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm during interphase.", "synonyms": "TACC-TOG complex Alp7-Alp14 complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:telocentrosome", "label": "telocentrosome", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/telocentrosome.html", "definition": "A telomere-associated microtubule organizing assembly formed at the nuclear envelope during meiotic entry in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. It recruits a gamma-tubulin nucleation complex to SUN/KASH-linked telomeres and generates cytoplasmic microtubules that support their clustering at the spindle pole body; it is distinct from the spindle pole body and the completed telomere bouquet.", "synonyms": "meiotic telomeric MTOC" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:transition_zone_stellate_fiber_system", "label": "transition zone stellate fiber system", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/transition_zone_stellate_fiber_system.html", "definition": "A centrin-containing system of luminal fibers forming a nine-pointed stellate array attached to the outer microtubule doublets of the Chlamydomonas ciliary transition zone. It is distinct from the peripheral Y-links and from the central cylinder around which the fibers extend.", "synonyms": "transition zone stellate fibers transition region stellate fibers stellate structure" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120121", "label": "tripartite attachment complex", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/tripartite_attachment_complex.html", "definition": "A three-part cytoskeletal structure in kinetoplastid species linking mitochondrial DNA organised in a kinetoplast through the mitochondrial membranes to the basal body.", "synonyms": "TAC" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:tubulin_spool", "label": "tubulin spool", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/tubulin_spool.html", "definition": "A compact spool-like tubulin-positive cytoskeletal structure observed in kareniacean dinoflagellates. In Takayama helix, ultrastructure expansion microscopy resolves perinuclear and posterior spools that appear continuous with microtubules. The name denotes the assembled structure, not a tubulin protein or the entire cortical microtubule array.", "synonyms": "microtubule spool" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:tubz_filament", "label": "TubZ filament", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/tubz_filament.html", "definition": "A plasmid-encoded bacterial tubulin-like cytoskeletal filament assembled from TubZ GTPase subunits that supports pBtoxis plasmid partitioning in Bacillus thuringiensis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097597", "label": "ventral disc", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ventral_disc.html", "definition": "A specialized organelle in Giardia trophozoites that supports attachment to host intestinal epithelium. Its spiral microtubule array bears dorsal microribbons linked by crossbridges, and a lateral crest surrounds the disc edge.", "synonyms": "ventral adhesive disc adhesive disc ventral disk" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097595", "label": "ventral disc crossbridge", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ventral_disc_crossbridge.html", "definition": "A fibrous structure that horizontally links adjacent dorsal microribbons in the ventral disc of Giardia species trophozoites.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097594", "label": "ventral disc dorsal microribbon", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ventral_disc_dorsal_microribbon.html", "definition": "Trilaminar structure extending perpendicularly into the cytoplasm along the length of ventral disc microtubules in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). Constituents of dorsal microribbons (also called dorsal ribbons or microribbons) include alpha-coiled-helix proteins approximately 29 to 38 kDa in size. These proteins line the edges of the microribbons but are not found in microtubules. Tubulins are not found in microribbons.", "synonyms": "dorsal microribbon dorsal ribbon microribbon ventral disk dorsal microribbon" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097591", "label": "ventral disc lateral crest", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ventral_disc_lateral_crest.html", "definition": "A fibrillar repetitive structure that surrounds the edge of the ventral disc in Giardia species trophozoites.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097593", "label": "ventral disc microtubule array", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ventral_disc_microtubule_array.html", "definition": "A part of the ventral disc of Giardia species (trophozoite stage) consisting of a spiral array of microtubules linked to the ventral membrane. These microtubules form the base of the ventral disc dorsal microribbons that extend nearly perpendicular from the membrane.", "synonyms": "ventral disc spiral microtubule array spiral microtubule array ventral disk microtubule array" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097592", "label": "ventral disc overlap zone", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ventral_disc_overlap_zone.html", "definition": "A region of the ventral disc of Giardia species (trophozoite stage) where two portions of the same array of microtubules overlap (the microtubule array makes a complete circle and overlaps on itself).", "synonyms": "overlap zone ventral disk overlap zone" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097596", "label": "ventral disc supernumerary microtubule array", "category": "CYTOSKELETON", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/cytoskeleton/ventral_disc_supernumerary_microtubule_array.html", "definition": "A partial spiral microtubule array associated with the Giardia trophozoite ventral disc and distinct from its main microtubule array. Schwartz et al. 2012 reconstructed a short right-handed fragment lying ventral to the main array.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990586", "label": "divisome complex", "category": "DIVISION_MACHINERY", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/division_machinery/divisome_complex.html", "definition": "The membrane-associated protein machine that builds the peptidoglycan division septum in FtsZ-dependent bacterial cytokinesis. Membrane-tethered FtsZ filaments organize the division site and help distribute septal synthases; movement during active synthesis is not universally driven by FtsZ treadmilling.", "synonyms": "Z ring" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:elongasome", "label": "elongasome", "category": "DIVISION_MACHINERY", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/division_machinery/elongasome.html", "definition": "The membrane-associated Rod complex that synthesizes lateral peptidoglycan during rod-shaped growth in model bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Its SEDS-family RodA polymerase works with an elongation-specific class B penicillin-binding transpeptidase, PBP2 in E. coli. Associated MreB filaments orient synthesis, while wall synthesis and filament motion are coupled; this is not a universal mechanism of rod shape in all bacteria.", "synonyms": "Rod complex RodA-PBP2 complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:chlorosome_baseplate_antenna_complex", "label": "chlorosome baseplate antenna complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/chlorosome_baseplate_antenna_complex.html", "definition": "A bacteriochlorophyll a-CsmA light-harvesting protein-pigment array on one face of green bacterial chlorosomes that accepts excitation energy from chlorosome bacteriochlorophyll aggregates and couples it toward membrane reaction-center complexes.", "synonyms": "CsmA baseplate antenna CsmA bacteriochlorophyll a baseplate protein-pigment baseplate complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:chromatophore_cytochrome_bc1_complex", "label": "chromatophore cytochrome bc1 complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/chromatophore_cytochrome_bc1_complex.html", "definition": "A purple-bacterial chromatophore membrane cytochrome bc1 protein complex that oxidizes quinol from the chromatophore quinone pool and supplies electrons to return carriers during cyclic photosynthetic electron transport. The carrier depends on the organism; cytochrome c2 is the characterized route in Cereibacter (Rhodobacter) sphaeroides.", "synonyms": "cytochrome bc1 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009512", "label": "cytochrome b6f complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/cytochrome_b6f_complex.html", "definition": "A thylakoid membrane protein complex that oxidizes plastoquinol, reduces a downstream soluble electron carrier for photosystem I, and contributes to proton translocation during oxygenic photosynthetic electron transport.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:cytochrome_bd_i_ubiquinol_oxidase_complex", "label": "cytochrome bd-I ubiquinol oxidase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/cytochrome_bd_i_ubiquinol_oxidase_complex.html", "definition": "Cytochrome bd-I ubiquinol oxidase complex is a membrane-bound CydAB respiratory terminal oxidase with small bd-I accessory subunits that oxidizes ubiquinol, reduces molecular oxygen to water, and contributes to the respiratory proton motive force.", "synonyms": "cytochrome bd-I oxidase" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009319", "label": "cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/cytochrome_o_ubiquinol_oxidase_complex.html", "definition": "A four-polypeptide respiratory-chain protein complex that possesses cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase activity and contains associated prosthetic groups.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009390", "label": "dimethyl sulfoxide reductase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/dimethyl_sulfoxide_reductase_complex.html", "definition": "A membrane-bound anaerobic dimethyl sulfoxide reductase complex that catalyzes the reduction of dimethyl sulfoxide to dimethyl sulfide during respiratory electron transport.", "synonyms": "dimethyl sulphoxide reductase complex DMSO reductase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009326", "label": "formate dehydrogenase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/formate_dehydrogenase_complex.html", "definition": "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of formate to produce carbon dioxide (CO2). A multisubunit molybdenum/tungsten-cofactor- and iron-sulfur-cluster-containing oxidoreductase complex in bacteria and archaea (including respiratory membrane-bound Fdh-N/FdnGHI and Fdh-O/FdoGHI in Escherichia coli and cytoplasmic NAD+/F420-linked formate dehydrogenases in methanogens and methylotrophs) that catalyzes the two-electron oxidation of formate (HCOO-) to CO2 and H+. Respiratory formate dehydrogenase complexes couple periplasmic formate oxidation to menaquinone reduction via a redox loop that conserves energy as proton-motive force.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:formate_dehydrogenase_n_complex", "label": "formate dehydrogenase N complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/formate_dehydrogenase_n_complex.html", "definition": "A nitrate-inducible, membrane-bound formate:quinone oxidoreductase complex whose FdnG, FdnH, and FdnI subunits oxidize formate and pass electrons to a membrane quinone during anaerobic respiration.", "synonyms": "Formate dehydrogenase-N complex FDH-N complex FdnGHI complex nitrate-inducible formate dehydrogenase complex formate:quinone oxidoreductase" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:formate_hydrogenlyase_complex", "label": "formate hydrogenlyase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/formate_hydrogenlyase_complex.html", "definition": "A membrane-bound Escherichia coli formate hydrogenlyase complex in which FdhF and HycB-HycG subunits couple formate oxidation to proton reduction, yielding carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas.", "synonyms": "FHL complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045283", "label": "fumarate reductase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/fumarate_reductase_complex.html", "definition": "A membrane-bound four-subunit respiratory quinol:fumarate reductase complex whose extrinsic catalytic module and membrane-anchor module couple fumarate reduction to quinol oxidation.", "synonyms": "quinol-fumarate reductase" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:lh2_peripheral_light_harvesting_antenna_complex", "label": "LH2 peripheral light-harvesting antenna complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/lh2_peripheral_light_harvesting_antenna_complex.html", "definition": "A peripheral bacteriochlorophyll-containing light-harvesting antenna protein complex of purple bacterial chromatophore membranes that broadens the photosynthetic absorption cross-section and transfers excitation energy toward RC-LH1 reaction-center core complexes.", "synonyms": "LH2 antenna complex peripheral light-harvesting complex 2" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030076", "label": "light-harvesting complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/light_harvesting_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-pigment complex that may be closely or peripherally associated to photosynthetic reaction centers that participate in harvesting and transferring radiant energy to the reaction center.", "synonyms": "antenna complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044674", "label": "methyl coenzyme M reductase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/methyl_coenzyme_m_reductase_complex.html", "definition": "Methyl coenzyme M reductase complex is a hexameric alpha2 beta2 gamma2 enzyme complex that catalyzes coenzyme B-dependent reduction of methyl-coenzyme M to methane during the terminal step of methanogenesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044799", "label": "NarGHI complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/narghi_complex.html", "definition": "A cytoplasmic membrane-bound NarGHI nitrate reductase complex with iron-sulfur, heme, and molybdenum-bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide) cofactors that serves as a terminal reductase during anaerobic nitrate respiration.", "synonyms": "cytoplasmic membrane-bound quinol-nitrate oxidoreductase nitrate reductase A Nitrate reductase A complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009325", "label": "nitrate reductase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/nitrate_reductase_complex.html", "definition": "An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of nitrate from nitrite with the concomitant reduction of an acceptor. A molybdenum-cofactor- and iron-sulfur-containing multisubunit oxidoreductase complex (exemplified by the respiratory membrane-bound NarGHI complex in Escherichia coli and denitrifying bacteria, periplasmic NapAB, and assimilatory Nas/Nia complexes in bacteria, fungi, and microalgae) that catalyzes the two-electron reduction of nitrate (NO3-) to nitrite (NO2-). In anaerobic respiration, the membrane-bound nitrate reductase complex couples quinol oxidation in the cytoplasmic membrane to proton-motive force generation.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016610", "label": "nitrogenase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/nitrogenase_complex.html", "definition": "A nitrogenase enzyme assembly comprising a metal-cluster-containing dinitrogenase catalytic component and a homodimeric nitrogenase reductase that together support ATP-dependent dinitrogen reduction. Catalytic-component subunit composition varies among molybdenum, vanadium and iron-only nitrogenases.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009521", "label": "photosystem", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/photosystem.html", "definition": "A complex located in a photosynthetic membrane that consists of a photoreaction center associated with accessory pigments and electron carriers. Examples of this component are found in Arabidopsis thaliana and in photosynthetic bacterial and archaeal species. A pigment-protein supercomplex embedded in the photosynthetic thylakoid or cytoplasmic membranes of cyanobacteria, phototrophic bacteria, and eukaryotic microalgae that harvests light energy via chlorophyll/bacteriochlorophyll and carotenoid antennas and drives photochemical charge separation across a reaction center. Photosystems (including oxygenic Photosystem I and II and anoxygenic type I/II reaction centers) initiate photosynthetic electron transport coupled to ATP and NAD(P)H synthesis.", "synonyms": "reaction center reaction centre" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009522", "label": "photosystem I", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/photosystem_i.html", "definition": "A photosystem that contains an iron-sulfur reaction center associated with accessory pigments and electron carriers. In cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, photosystem I functions as a light-dependent plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from plastocyanin to ferredoxin; in photosynthetic bacteria that have only a single type I photosystem, such as the green sulfur bacteria, electrons can go either to ferredoxin (Fd) -> NAD+ or to menaquinone (MK) -> Cytb/FeS -> Cytc555 -> photosystem I (cyclic photophosphorylation).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009523", "label": "photosystem II", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/photosystem_ii.html", "definition": "A photosystem that contains a pheophytin-quinone reaction center with associated accessory pigments and electron carriers. In cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, in the presence of light, PSII functions as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from water to plastoquinone, whereas other photosynthetic bacteria carry out anoxygenic photosynthesis and oxidize other compounds to re-reduce the photoreaction center.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030089", "label": "phycobilisome", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/phycobilisome.html", "definition": "A membrane-associated phycobiliprotein antenna complex of cyanobacteria and red algae that transfers absorbed light energy to photosystems. Conventional phycobilisomes contain an allophycocyanin core and peripheral rods organized by linkers; coreless rod-type antennas are also documented.", "synonyms": "PBS" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:phycobilisome_core", "label": "phycobilisome core", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/phycobilisome_core.html", "definition": "Allophycocyanin-containing central cylinder assembly of a phycobilisome that receives excitation energy from peripheral rods and routes it toward chlorophyll photosystems.", "synonyms": "allophycocyanin core" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:phycobilisome_rod", "label": "phycobilisome rod", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/phycobilisome_rod.html", "definition": "Peripheral phycobiliprotein cylinder subassembly of a phycobilisome that binds phycobilin chromophores, absorbs excitation energy, and transfers it inward to the allophycocyanin core.", "synonyms": "phycobilisome peripheral rod" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030094", "label": "plasma membrane-derived photosystem I", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/plasma_membrane_derived_photosystem_i.html", "definition": "A photosystem I protein complex located in the plasma membrane-derived bacterial thylakoid membrane.", "synonyms": "cyanobacterial PSI" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030096", "label": "plasma membrane-derived thylakoid photosystem II", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/plasma_membrane_derived_thylakoid_photosystem_ii.html", "definition": "A photosystem II protein complex located in the plasma membrane-derived bacterial thylakoid that contains a P680 reaction center and catalyzes the water-oxidizing, plastoquinone-reducing step of oxygenic photosynthesis.", "synonyms": "cyanobacterial PSII" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045259", "label": "proton-transporting ATP synthase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/proton_transporting_atp_synthase_complex.html", "definition": "The rotary motor enzyme that makes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the ion motive force across the membrane. It has two coupled sectors: a membrane-embedded Fo, whose c-ring turns as protons cross it, and a soluble F1 (alpha3beta3gammadeltaepsilon), whose catalytic beta subunits are driven through their conformational cycle by the rotating gamma subunit.", "synonyms": "F1Fo ATP synthase" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033176", "label": "proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/proton_transporting_v_type_atpase_complex.html", "definition": "A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that couples ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient. The resulting transmembrane electrochemical potential of H+ is used to drive a variety of (i) secondary active transport systems via H+-dependent symporters and antiporters and (ii) channel-mediated transport systems. The complex comprises a membrane sector (V0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (V1) that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. V-type ATPases are found in the membranes of organelles such as vacuoles, endosomes, and lysosomes, and in the plasma membrane. A rotary proton-pumping nanomachine composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 domain that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane-embedded V0 domain that translocates protons across biological membranes. Present across yeasts, filamentous fungi, protists, and certain bacteria (V/A-type ATPases), the proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex acidifies vacuoles, lysosomes, endosomes, Golgi cisternae, and acidocalcisomes to energize secondary active transport and pH-dependent proteolysis.", "synonyms": "hydrogen-translocating V-type ATPase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033179", "label": "proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/proton_transporting_v_type_atpase_v0_domain.html", "definition": "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and mediates proton transport across a membrane. The V0 complex consists of at least four different subunits (a,c,d and e); six or more c subunits form a proton-binding rotor ring. The integral membrane proton-translocating sector (V0 domain) of the proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex. Assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum of yeasts, fungi, and protists from the a-subunit stator (Vph1p/Stv1p) Containing two hemichannels, a decameric proteolipid c-ring rotor (Vma3p, Vma11p, Vma16p), and coupling subunits d (Vma6p) and e (Vma9p), the V0 domain conducts protons across endomembranes when driven by the V1 rotary motor.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033180", "label": "proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/proton_transporting_v_type_atpase_v1_domain.html", "definition": "A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. The V1 complex consists of: (1) a globular headpiece with three alternating copies of subunits A and B that form a ring, (2) a central rotational stalk composed of single copies of subunits D and F, and (3) a peripheral stalk made of subunits C, E, G and H. Subunits A and B mediate the hydrolysis of ATP at three reaction sites associated with subunit A. The peripheral cytoplasmic ATP-hydrolyzing sector (V1 domain) of the proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex. In yeasts, fungi, and protists, the V1 domain comprises a catalytic A3B3 hexamer (Vma1p and Vma2p), a central rotor stalk (subunits D/Vma8p and F/Vma7p), and three peripheral stator stalks (subunits E/Vma4p, G/Vma10p, C/Vma5p, and H/Vma13p) that convert ATP hydrolysis into mechanical torque on the V0 proteolipid ring.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:rc_lh1_pufx_core_complex", "label": "RC-LH1-PufX core complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/rc_lh1_pufx_core_complex.html", "definition": "A purple-bacterial chromatophore membrane protein complex that contains a photochemical reaction center, LH1 antenna proteins and PufX, receives excitation from surrounding LH2 antennae, and reduces quinone during cyclic photosynthetic electron transport.", "synonyms": "reaction center-LH1-PufX core complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045271", "label": "respiratory chain complex I", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/respiratory_chain_complex_i.html", "definition": "Respiratory chain complex I is an L-shaped enzyme of the respiratory chain that oxidizes NADH, routes electrons through a hydrophilic peripheral arm to quinone, and couples quinone reduction to proton translocation through a membrane arm.", "synonyms": "NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex NADH-Q oxidoreductase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045273", "label": "respiratory chain complex II (succinate dehydrogenase)", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/respiratory_chain_complex_ii_succinate_dehydrogenase.html", "definition": "Respiratory chain complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) is a respiratory-chain enzyme complex that oxidizes succinate, passes electrons through flavin and iron-sulfur centers to membrane quinone, and thereby connects tricarboxylic-acid-cycle electron flow with the respiratory quinone pool.", "synonyms": "electron transport complex II" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045275", "label": "respiratory chain complex III", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/respiratory_chain_complex_iii.html", "definition": "Respiratory chain complex III is a membrane-bound cytochrome bc1 oxidoreductase complex that uses a cytochrome b, Rieske iron-sulfur protein, and cytochrome c1 catalytic core to transfer electrons from quinol to cytochrome c while translocating protons.", "synonyms": "complex III cytochrome bc1 complex cytochrome bc(1) complex ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase complex ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase complex coenzyme Q-cytochrome c reductase complex electron transport complex III" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045277", "label": "respiratory chain complex IV", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/respiratory_chain_complex_iv.html", "definition": "Respiratory chain complex IV is a membrane-bound cytochrome c oxidase complex that transfers electrons from reduced cytochrome c to dioxygen and couples oxygen reduction to proton translocation across a respiratory membrane.", "synonyms": "cytochrome c oxidase complex electron transport complex IV" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160292", "label": "sodium-translocating NADH:quinone reductase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/sodium_translocating_nadh_quinone_reductase_complex.html", "definition": "Sodium-translocating NADH:quinone reductase complex is a bacterial respiratory-chain protein complex composed of NqrA, NqrB, NqrC, NqrD, NqrE, and NqrF that transfers electrons from NADH to ubiquinone while exporting sodium ions across the cytoplasmic membrane.", "synonyms": "Na+-NQR complex Na(+)-translocating NADH-quinone reductase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016471", "label": "vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/vacuolar_proton_transporting_v_type_atpase_complex.html", "definition": "A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex found in the vacuolar membrane, where it acts as a proton pump to mediate acidification of the vacuolar lumen.", "synonyms": "vacuolar hydrogen-translocating V-type ATPase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000220", "label": "vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/vacuolar_proton_transporting_v_type_atpase_v0_domain.html", "definition": "The V0 domain of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase found in the vacuolar membrane.", "synonyms": "vacuolar hydrogen ion-transporting ATPase V0 domain" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000221", "label": "vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain", "category": "ENERGY_COMPLEX", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/energy_complex/vacuolar_proton_transporting_v_type_atpase_v1_domain.html", "definition": "The V1 domain of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase found in the vacuolar membrane.", "synonyms": "vacuolar hydrogen ion-transporting ATPase V1 domain" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042603", "label": "capsule", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/capsule.html", "definition": "A highly organized glycocalyx layer attached outside the cell wall of some bacteria and fungi, usually built from capsular polysaccharides and retained on the cell surface rather than released as a loose extracellular polymer.", "synonyms": "bacterial capsule polysaccharide capsule cryptococcal capsule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009279", "label": "cell outer membrane", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/cell_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "The outermost lipid bilayer of a diderm cell envelope. In canonical Gram-negative bacteria it is asymmetric, with phospholipid enriched in the inner leaflet and lipopolysaccharide enriched in the outer leaflet, and contains beta-barrel proteins that mediate transport and assembly.", "synonyms": "outer membrane of cell" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030428", "label": "cell septum", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/cell_septum.html", "definition": "A structure composed of peptidoglycan and often chitin in addition to other materials. It usually forms perpendicular to the long axis of a cell or hypha and grows centripetally from the cell wall to the center of the cell and often functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells. An intercellular cross-wall layer composed of peptidoglycan in dividing bacteria, pseudomurein/S-layer in archaea, or chitin and beta-glucan in yeasts and filamentous fungi that forms perpendicular to the longitudinal cell axis to partition daughter cells or hyphal compartments. Synthesis of the cell septum is directed by the cytokinetic FtsZ divisome in prokaryotes or the actomyosin contractile ring and septin collar in fungi.", "synonyms": "septum cross wall" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033101", "label": "cellular bud membrane", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/cellular_bud_membrane.html", "definition": "The specialized plasma-membrane region that surrounds a cellular bud.", "synonyms": "bud membrane" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:coccolith", "label": "coccolith", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/coccolith.html", "definition": "An individual mineralized scale produced by a coccolithophore, with a characteristic arrangement of calcite crystals. Coccoliths form elements of the external cell covering, the coccosphere, and can be shed as free scales.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:coccosphere", "label": "coccosphere", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/coccosphere.html", "definition": "An external cell covering of a coccolithophore assembled from individual mineralized scales called coccoliths. Its organization varies among taxa and cell states; the covering is distinct from a single coccolith and from the intracellular vesicle in which a coccolith forms.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000935", "label": "division septum", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/division_septum.html", "definition": "A cell septum which forms as part of the division site and functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells at division. A division septum spans a cell and does not allow exchange of organelles or cytoplasm between compartments.", "synonyms": "complete septum cell septum surface" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000937", "label": "dolipore septum", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/dolipore_septum.html", "definition": "A porous fungal cell septum in which the cross-wall swells around a central pore and the pore is capped on both sides by septal pore caps called parenthesomes.", "synonyms": "dolipore-parenthesome septum septal pore complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0090512", "label": "eisosome membrane domain/MCC", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/eisosome_membrane_domain_mcc.html", "definition": "A plasma membrane part that is composed of a furrow-like plasma membrane domain and associated integral transmembrane proteins.", "synonyms": "membrane compartment of Can1 MCC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009277", "label": "fungal-type cell wall", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/fungal_type_cell_wall.html", "definition": "A rigid but dynamic carbohydrate- and glycoprotein-rich wall surrounding the fungal plasma membrane, built from a variable cross-linked matrix of glucans, wall glycoproteins, and often chitin and kept distinct from fungal capsules outside the wall.", "synonyms": "chitin- and beta-glucan-containing cell wall fungal cell wall" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030112", "label": "glycocalyx", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/glycocalyx.html", "definition": "A carbohydrate rich layer at the outermost periphery of a cell.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009276", "label": "Gram-negative-bacterium-type cell wall", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/gram_negative_bacterium_type_cell_wall.html", "definition": "The relatively thin peptidoglycan layer of a Gram-negative cell envelope, located in the periplasm between the cytoplasmic and outer membranes and physically connected to the outer membrane by lipoproteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036407", "label": "mycolate outer membrane", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/mycolate_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "A mycolic-acid-rich cell outer membrane in mycobacteria and related Corynebacteriales, containing a lipid bilayer and covalently linked long-chain mycolic acids attached to peptidoglycan through an arabinogalactan network.", "synonyms": "MOM mycobacterial outer membrane mycomembrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030288", "label": "outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/outer_membrane_bounded_periplasmic_space.html", "definition": "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin peptidoglycan layer (PGL), also referred to as a thin cell wall.", "synonyms": "outer membrane bounded periplasmic space outer membrane-enclosed periplasmic space" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009274", "label": "peptidoglycan-based cell wall", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/peptidoglycan_based_cell_wall.html", "definition": "A protective, load-bearing structure outside the cytoplasmic membrane, built from glycan strands of alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid cross-linked by short peptides. The resulting murein sacculus surrounds the cell and resists turgor pressure.", "synonyms": "murein sacculus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042597", "label": "periplasmic space", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/periplasmic_space.html", "definition": "The region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane (Gram-negative Bacteria) or cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall (Fungi and Gram-positive Bacteria).", "synonyms": "periplasm" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005886", "label": "plasma membrane", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/plasma_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cytoplasm from the external environment and houses proteins for selective transport, signaling, and envelope biogenesis.", "synonyms": "cell membrane cytoplasmic membrane bacterial inner membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000934", "label": "porous cell septum", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/porous_cell_septum.html", "definition": "A septum or cross wall which does not entirely span the space between two portions of cell wall and may contain a specialized central pore structure. A porous septum allows the movement of organelles and/or cytoplasm between compartments. A cross-wall cell septum in filamentous ascomycete and basidiomycete fungi that is perforated by one or more central septal pores (such as the simple septal pore of Neurospora crassa and Aspergillus nidulans or the barrel-shaped dolipore septum of basidiomycetes). The porous cell septum partitions hyphal compartments structurally while permitting regulated intercellular cytoplasmic streaming, organelle migration, and Woronin-body- or parenthesome-mediated pore gating upon hyphal wounding.", "synonyms": "porous septum" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030115", "label": "S-layer", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/s_layer.html", "definition": "A paracrystalline monomolecular array of one or more (glyco)protein species that self-assemble on the outermost surface of the cell envelope, with oblique, square or hexagonal lattice symmetry. S-layers are common in Archaea, where they are often the sole wall component, and widespread but patchily distributed in Bacteria.", "synonyms": "surface layer crystalline cell surface layer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030114", "label": "slime layer", "category": "ENVELOPE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/envelope/slime_layer.html", "definition": "A slime layer is an easily removed, diffuse, unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds a cell. Specifically this consists mostly of exopolysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:age_associated_protein_deposit", "label": "age-associated protein deposit", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/age_associated_protein_deposit.html", "definition": "An aging-associated protein inclusion characterized in budding yeast that collects aggregation-prone proteins, usually persists as a single ER-associated deposit, and is preferentially retained in the mother-cell lineage.", "synonyms": "Agepod APOD age-associated protein deposit site" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:bacterial_aggresome", "label": "bacterial aggresome", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/bacterial_aggresome.html", "definition": "A stress-associated, membraneless cytoplasmic inclusion in bacteria that concentrates endogenous proteins and can sequester mRNA; Escherichia coli aggresomes exhibit liquid-like dynamics and preserve selected transcripts during stress.", "synonyms": "bacterial stress granule" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:cyanophycin_granule", "label": "cyanophycin granule", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/cyanophycin_granule.html", "definition": "A bacterial storage inclusion in which insoluble cyanophycin polymer accumulates as cytoplasmic granules that store fixed nitrogen and carbon for later mobilization.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031411", "label": "gas vesicle", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "PROTEIN_SHELLED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/gas_vesicle.html", "definition": "A gas-filled, non-membrane-bounded protein organelle, usually shaped as a cylindrical shell with conical end caps. Its gas-permeable, water-excluding wall lowers cell density and enables buoyancy regulation in aquatic microbes.", "synonyms": "gas vacuole" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033172", "label": "gas vesicle shell", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/gas_vesicle_shell.html", "definition": "The proteinaceous structure surrounding a gas vesicle.", "synonyms": "gas vesicle wall gas vesicle membrane" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:glycogen_granule", "label": "glycogen granule", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/glycogen_granule.html", "definition": "A microbial carbohydrate storage inclusion in which glycogen polymer accumulates as cytoplasmic granules that store glucose-derived carbon and energy for later mobilization.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:insoluble_protein_deposit", "label": "insoluble protein deposit", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/insoluble_protein_deposit.html", "definition": "A perivacuolar cytoplasmic protein inclusion characterized in budding yeast that accumulates poorly mobile, insoluble protein aggregates, including amyloid and prion cargo, at a site distinct from nuclear and juxtanuclear quality-control deposits.", "synonyms": "IPOD" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:intranuclear_quality_control_compartment", "label": "intranuclear quality control compartment", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/intranuclear_quality_control_compartment.html", "definition": "A stress-induced membraneless nuclear inclusion characterized in budding yeast that concentrates misfolded and other conditionally recruited proteins near the nuclear envelope, distinct from the cytoplasmic juxtanuclear quality control compartment.", "synonyms": "INQ" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:juxtanuclear_quality_control_compartment", "label": "juxtanuclear quality control compartment", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/juxtanuclear_quality_control_compartment.html", "definition": "A cytoplasmic, perinuclear protein-quality-control inclusion characterized in budding yeast, formed by congregation of misfolded-protein deposits near the nuclear envelope and distinct from the intranuclear quality control compartment.", "synonyms": "JUNQ" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005811", "label": "lipid droplet", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/lipid_droplet.html", "definition": "An intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle comprising a matrix of coalesced lipids surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. May include associated proteins.", "synonyms": "adiposome lipid body lipid particle" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitostore", "label": "MitoStore", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/mitostore.html", "definition": "A transient cytosolic protein granule characterized in budding yeast that sequesters non-imported mitochondrial precursor proteins, is enriched for presequence-containing cargo and associates with the mitochondrial surface.", "synonyms": "MitoStores" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034430", "label": "monolayer-surrounded lipid storage body outer lipid monolayer", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/monolayer_surrounded_lipid_storage_body_outer_lipid_monolayer.html", "definition": "The single layer of phospholipids surrounding a lipid storage body.", "synonyms": "lipid storage body surface lipid monolayer oil body outer lipid monolayer oleosome outer lipid monolayer spherosome outer lipid monolayer lipid droplet outer lipid monolayer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140602", "label": "nucleolar peripheral inclusion body", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/nucleolar_peripheral_inclusion_body.html", "definition": "An intranuclear inclusion at the nucleolar periphery in which nuclear factors collect reversibly during acute heat stress or starvation.", "synonyms": "nucleolar rings NuRs" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:parasporal_crystal", "label": "parasporal crystal", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/parasporal_crystal.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous Bacillus thuringiensis inclusion body that accumulates Cry, Cyt, and related pesticidal crystal proteins as a parasporal crystalline deposit.", "synonyms": "parasporal crystalline inclusion parasporal body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0010287", "label": "plastoglobule", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/plastoglobule.html", "definition": "A lipoprotein particle present in chloroplasts.", "synonyms": "PG plastoglobuli" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070088", "label": "polyhydroxyalkanoate granule", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/polyhydroxyalkanoate_granule.html", "definition": "A cytoplasmic prokaryotic inclusion body in which polyhydroxyalkanoate storage polymers condense with granule-associated proteins, including PHA synthases and phasins, to form hydrophobic carbon- and reducing-power storage granules.", "synonyms": "PHA granule PHB granule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034515", "label": "proteasome storage granule", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/proteasome_storage_granule.html", "definition": "A cytoplasmic, membrane-free accumulation of proteasome core and regulatory particles observed as discrete foci during cellular quiescence.", "synonyms": "PSG" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140453", "label": "protein aggregate center", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/protein_aggregate_center.html", "definition": "A reversible intracellular assembly of misfolded proteins and chaperones that temporarily protects heat-sensitive clients from degradation and can be disassembled when conditions permit recovery.", "synonyms": "protein aggregate centre PAC protein aggregate-like center" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:r_body", "label": "R-body", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/r_body.html", "definition": "A bacterial proteinaceous inclusion body assembled from Reb proteins that forms a coiled ribbon and can extend into a hollow tube.", "synonyms": "R body refractile body R-body inclusion" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:sulfur_globule", "label": "sulfur globule", "category": "INCLUSION", "kind": "INCLUSION_BODY", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/inclusion/sulfur_globule.html", "definition": "A bacterial sulfur storage inclusion that accumulates elemental sulfur from reduced sulfur compounds and packages it with sulfur-globule envelope proteins for temporary storage and later oxidation.", "synonyms": "intracellular sulfur globule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020022", "label": "acidocalcisome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/acidocalcisome.html", "definition": "An acidic electron-dense membrane-bounded organelle found in diverse microbes that stores polyphosphate, pyrophosphate, calcium and other cations and uses proton pumps and cation transporters to maintain its ion-rich matrix.", "synonyms": "metachromatic granule volutin granule polyphosphate vacuole" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033985", "label": "acidocalcisome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/acidocalcisome_lumen.html", "definition": "The acidocalcisome compartment bounded by the acidocalcisomal membrane.", "synonyms": "acidocalcisomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033102", "label": "acidocalcisome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/acidocalcisome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding an acidocalcisome.", "synonyms": "acidocalcisomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:actinophryid_extrusome", "label": "actinophryid extrusome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/actinophryid_extrusome.html", "definition": "A secretory granule beneath the cell or axopodial surface of actinophryid protists, containing amorphous electron-dense material released during prey capture.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044222", "label": "anammoxosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/anammoxosome.html", "definition": "A ladderane-lipid-bounded intracytoplasmic organelle of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing Planctomycetota that localizes the hydrazine-producing anammox catabolic pathway and its energy-conserving membrane reactions.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:anammoxosome_membrane", "label": "anammoxosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/anammoxosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The single ladderane-lipid-containing bilayer membrane that surrounds the anammoxosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020026", "label": "apicomplexan dense granule", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/apicomplexan_dense_granule.html", "definition": "Electron-dense organelle with a granular internal matrix found in a apicomplexan parasite; contains proteins destined to be secreted into the parasitophorous vacuole following parasite invasion of a host cell.", "synonyms": "dense body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030668", "label": "apicomplexan dense granule membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/apicomplexan_dense_granule_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a dense granule of the type found in apicomplexan parasites.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020011", "label": "apicoplast", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/apicoplast.html", "definition": "The plastid organelle found in apicomplexans.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160211", "label": "apicoplast membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/apicoplast_membrane.html", "definition": "Any of the lipid bilayers that surround an apicoplast and form the apicoplast envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005776", "label": "autophagosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/autophagosome.html", "definition": "A double-membrane-bounded compartment that engulfs endogenous cellular material as well as invading microorganisms to target them to the lytic vacuole/lysosome for degradation as part of macroautophagy.", "synonyms": "autophagic vacuole initial autophagic vacuole" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034423", "label": "autophagosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/autophagosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed within the autophagosome double-membrane.", "synonyms": "Autophagic vacuolar lumen Autophagic vacuole lumen Autophagosomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000421", "label": "autophagosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/autophagosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The membrane surrounding the autophagosome.", "synonyms": "Autophagic vacuolar membrane Autophagic vacuole membrane Autophagosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030075", "label": "bacterial thylakoid", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/bacterial_thylakoid.html", "definition": "A thylakoid that is derived from and attached to, but not necessarily continuous with, the plasma membrane, and is not enclosed in a plastid. It bears the photosynthetic pigments in photosynthetic cyanobacteria.", "synonyms": "plasma membrane-derived thylakoid" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045009", "label": "chitosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chitosome.html", "definition": "An intracellular membrane-bounded particle found in fungi and containing chitin synthase; it synthesizes chitin microfibrils. Chitin synthase activity exists in chitosomes and they are proposed to act as a reservoir for regulated transport of chitin synthase enzymes to the division septum.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009507", "label": "chloroplast", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast.html", "definition": "A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009941", "label": "chloroplast envelope", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_envelope.html", "definition": "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the chloroplast and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009706", "label": "chloroplast inner membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_inner_membrane.html", "definition": "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the chloroplast envelope; also faces the chloroplast stroma.", "synonyms": "chloroplastic inner membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031972", "label": "chloroplast intermembrane space", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_intermembrane_space.html", "definition": "The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of a chloroplast envelope.", "synonyms": "chloroplastic intermembrane space" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031969", "label": "chloroplast membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_membrane.html", "definition": "Either of the lipid bilayers that surround a chloroplast and form the chloroplast envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009707", "label": "chloroplast outer membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "The cytoplasm-facing lipid bilayer of the chloroplast envelope.", "synonyms": "chloroplastic outer membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009570", "label": "chloroplast stroma", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_stroma.html", "definition": "The internal space enclosed by the chloroplast double membrane but excluding the thylakoid space.", "synonyms": "chloroplastic stroma" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009534", "label": "chloroplast thylakoid", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_thylakoid.html", "definition": "Sac-like membranous structures in a chloroplast combined into stacks, or grana, and present singly in the stroma as stroma thylakoids or frets that interconnect grana.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009543", "label": "chloroplast thylakoid lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_thylakoid_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membrane of a chloroplast thylakoid.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009535", "label": "chloroplast thylakoid membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chloroplast_thylakoid_membrane.html", "definition": "The pigmented membrane of a chloroplast thylakoid.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0046858", "label": "chlorosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chlorosome.html", "definition": "A large light-harvesting antenna organelle of green photosynthetic bacteria in which bacteriochlorophyll aggregates self-assemble inside a lipid envelope and attach to the cytoplasmic membrane through a bacteriochlorophyll a-containing CsmA baseplate.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033105", "label": "chlorosome envelope", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/chlorosome_envelope.html", "definition": "The structure, composed of a monolayer of glycolipids with embedded proteins, that encloses the pigments and other contents of the chlorosome.", "synonyms": "chlorosome membrane chlorosomal envelope" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020018", "label": "ciliary pocket membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/ciliary_pocket_membrane.html", "definition": "That part of the plasma membrane found in the ciliary pocket (also called flagellar pocket).", "synonyms": "cilial pocket membrane cilium pocket membrane flagellar pocket membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005801", "label": "cis-Golgi network", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cis_golgi_network.html", "definition": "The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the convex side of the Golgi apparatus, which abuts the endoplasmic reticulum.", "synonyms": "cis Golgi network" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033106", "label": "cis-Golgi network membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cis_golgi_network_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments that make up the cis-Golgi network.", "synonyms": "cis Golgi network membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045334", "label": "clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/clathrin_coated_endocytic_vesicle.html", "definition": "A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0106176", "label": "clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/clathrin_coated_endocytic_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membrane of a clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030669", "label": "clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/clathrin_coated_endocytic_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030136", "label": "clathrin-coated vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/clathrin_coated_vesicle.html", "definition": "A vesicle with a coat formed of clathrin connected to the membrane via one of the clathrin adaptor complexes.", "synonyms": "CCV" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:clathrin_coated_vesicle_lumen", "label": "clathrin-coated vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/clathrin_coated_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The clathrin-coated vesicle compartment bounded by the clathrin-coated vesicle membrane.", "synonyms": "Clathrin-coated vesicular lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030665", "label": "clathrin-coated vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/clathrin_coated_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated vesicle.", "synonyms": "Clathrin-coated vesicular membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030135", "label": "coated vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/coated_vesicle.html", "definition": "Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030662", "label": "coated vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/coated_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a coated vesicle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:coccolith_vesicle", "label": "coccolith vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/coccolith_vesicle.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded intracellular compartment of coccolithophores that encloses a developing calcite coccolith. Its bounding membrane surrounds the site of coccolith mineralization and can change shape as the crystals grow.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031164", "label": "contractile vacuolar membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/contractile_vacuolar_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding the contractile vacuole.", "synonyms": "contractile vacuole membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000331", "label": "contractile vacuole", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/contractile_vacuole.html", "definition": "A specialized vacuole of eukaryotic cells, especially Protozoa, that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores. One of its functions is osmoregulatory.", "synonyms": "CV central bladder" }, { "identifier": "GO:0062159", "label": "contractile vacuole complex", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/contractile_vacuole_complex.html", "definition": "A non-membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells, especially Protozoa, that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally. One of its functions is osmoregulatory.", "synonyms": "CVC" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:contractile_vacuole_lumen", "label": "contractile vacuole lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/contractile_vacuole_lumen.html", "definition": "The contractile vacuole compartment bounded by the contractile vacuole membrane.", "synonyms": "contractile vacuolar lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031913", "label": "contractile vacuole pore", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/contractile_vacuole_pore.html", "definition": "Stable structure that regulates the flow of liquid between the contractile vacuole and the surrounding medium.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030137", "label": "COPI-coated vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/copi_coated_vesicle.html", "definition": "A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:copi_coated_vesicle_lumen", "label": "COPI-coated vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/copi_coated_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The COPI-coated vesicle compartment bounded by the COPI-coated vesicle membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030663", "label": "COPI-coated vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/copi_coated_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a COPI-coated vesicle.", "synonyms": "COPI coated vesicle membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030134", "label": "COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/copii_coated_er_to_golgi_transport_vesicle.html", "definition": "A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport).", "synonyms": "COPII-associated ER to Golgi transport vesicle COPII-associated vesicle COPII-coated vesicle COPII vesicle ER to Golgi transport vesicle ER-Golgi transport vesicle endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport vesicle" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:copii_coated_vesicle_lumen", "label": "COPII-coated vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/copii_coated_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The COPII-coated vesicle compartment bounded by the COPII-coated vesicle membrane.", "synonyms": "Coat protein complexes II lumen ER to Golgi transport vesicle lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033107", "label": "Cvt vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cvt_vesicle.html", "definition": "A cytosolic vesicle that is enclosed by a double membrane and is implicated in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. These vesicles are found in the yeast S. cerevisiae, and contain vacuolar hydrolases, aminopeptidase I (Ape1p) and alpha-mannosidase (Ams1p).", "synonyms": "cytoplasm to vacuole targeting vesicle cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting vesicle" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:cvt_vesicle_lumen", "label": "Cvt vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cvt_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The Cvt vesicle compartment bounded by the Cvt vesicle membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033110", "label": "Cvt vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cvt_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "Either lipid bilayer membrane surrounding a Cvt vesicle, a double membrane-layered vesicle implicated in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009842", "label": "cyanelle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle.html", "definition": "A plastid that contains unstacked, phycobilisome-bearing thylakoid membranes and is surrounded by a double membrane with a peptidoglycan layer in the intermembrane space between the two envelope membranes. Cyanelles are characteristic of algae in the class Glaucophyta, and may represent an ancestral form of plastid.", "synonyms": "cyanoplast muroplast" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033112", "label": "cyanelle envelope", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_envelope.html", "definition": "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the cyanelle and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036012", "label": "cyanelle inner membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_inner_membrane.html", "definition": "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the cyanelle envelope; also faces the cyanelle stroma.", "synonyms": "cyanelle inner envelope membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036014", "label": "cyanelle intermembrane space", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_intermembrane_space.html", "definition": "The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the cyanelle envelope; includes the peptidoglycan layer.", "synonyms": "cyanelle envelope lumen cyanelle periplasm" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033113", "label": "cyanelle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_membrane.html", "definition": "Either of the lipid bilayers that surround a cyanelle and form the cyanelle envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036013", "label": "cyanelle outer membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the cyanelle envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034060", "label": "cyanelle stroma", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_stroma.html", "definition": "The space enclosed by the double membrane of a cyanelle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009843", "label": "cyanelle thylakoid", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_thylakoid.html", "definition": "A thylakoid found in a cyanelle, which is a type of plastid found in certain algae. The cyanelle contains a photosynthetic membrane resembling that of cyanobacteria.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033114", "label": "cyanelle thylakoid lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_thylakoid_lumen.html", "definition": "The cyanelle compartment bounded by the thylakoid membranes.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033115", "label": "cyanelle thylakoid membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cyanelle_thylakoid_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer membrane of any thylakoid within a cyanelle, a photosynthetic organelle of glaucocystophyte algae.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031410", "label": "cytoplasmic vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cytoplasmic_vesicle.html", "definition": "A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0060205", "label": "cytoplasmic vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cytoplasmic_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by a cytoplasmic vesicle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030659", "label": "cytoplasmic vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/cytoplasmic_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:diazoplast", "label": "diazoplast", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/diazoplast.html", "definition": "An obligate, membrane-bounded nitrogen-fixing compartment of Epithemia diatoms containing a reduced, nonphotosynthetic cyanobacterial endosymbiont; a metabolically integrated proto-organelle whose genetic integration remains unresolved.", "synonyms": "spheroid body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005769", "label": "early endosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/early_endosome.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031905", "label": "early endosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/early_endosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membrane of an early endosome.", "synonyms": "early endosomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031901", "label": "early endosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/early_endosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding an early endosome.", "synonyms": "early endosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032009", "label": "early phagosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/early_phagosome.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle as initially formed upon the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis. A newly formed phagocytic vacuole generated immediately after phagocytic cup closure in phagotrophic protists and amoebae such as Dictyostelium discoideum and Entamoeba histolytica. The early phagosome retains plasma membrane lipids and early endosomal Rab5/Rab7 GTPases while initiating V-ATPase recruitment prior to lysosome fusion.", "synonyms": "early phagocytic vesicle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0062113", "label": "early phagosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/early_phagosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membrane of an early phagosome. In phagotrophic amoebae (Dictyostelium discoideum, Entamoeba histolytica) and ciliates, the early phagosome lumen encloses newly engulfed bacterial or particulate prey at near-neutral pH prior to V-ATPase-mediated acidification and lysosomal hydrolase delivery.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036186", "label": "early phagosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/early_phagosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding an early phagosome. In phagotrophic protists, amoebae (Dictyostelium discoideum, Entamoeba histolytica), and ciliates, the early phagosome membrane derives from the invaginated plasma membrane and is transiently enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) and active Rab5 GTPase, recruiting early endosomal tethering complexes before maturing into a late phagosome membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030139", "label": "endocytic vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endocytic_vesicle.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. Endocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes to deliver the cargo for further sorting.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071682", "label": "endocytic vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endocytic_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membrane of an endocytic vesicle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030666", "label": "endocytic vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endocytic_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding an endocytic vesicle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005783", "label": "endoplasmic reticulum", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endoplasmic_reticulum.html", "definition": "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).", "synonyms": "ER" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005788", "label": "endoplasmic reticulum lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endoplasmic_reticulum_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.", "synonyms": "ER lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005789", "label": "endoplasmic reticulum membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endoplasmic_reticulum_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.", "synonyms": "ER membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005768", "label": "endosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endosome.html", "definition": "A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031904", "label": "endosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membrane of an endosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0010008", "label": "endosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/endosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:7770040", "label": "epiplastidial membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/epiplastidial_membrane.html", "definition": "The outermost lipid bilayer surrounding complex plastids in organisms that acquired their plastids through secondary endosymbiosis. This membrane is derived from the host cell's endomembrane system and is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the outer nuclear envelope. In some species, the cytoplasmic face may be studded with ribosomes.", "synonyms": "cERM chloroplast ER membrane epiplastid rough ER EpM EPrER" }, { "identifier": "GO:0012507", "label": "ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/er_to_golgi_transport_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle transporting substances from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.", "synonyms": "COPII coated vesicle membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033117", "label": "esterosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/esterosome.html", "definition": "A vesicle filled with crystalline protein that shows sequence similarities with various esterases.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034467", "label": "esterosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/esterosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the esterosome membrane.", "synonyms": "esterosomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033118", "label": "esterosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/esterosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding an esterosome.", "synonyms": "esterosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044311", "label": "exoneme", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/exoneme.html", "definition": "A dense granule-like organelle of the apical complex of merozoites, released into the parasitophorous vacuole, mediating protease-dependent rupture and parasite exit from the infected erythrocyte.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990413", "label": "eyespot apparatus", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/eyespot_apparatus.html", "definition": "A small pigmented organelle used in single-celled organisms to detect light.", "synonyms": "eyespot stigma" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:ferrosome", "label": "ferrosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/ferrosome.html", "definition": "A bacterial lipid-bounded iron-storage organelle that contains iron-, phosphorus- and oxygen-rich material and forms through Fez protein-dependent machinery.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020016", "label": "flagellar pocket", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/flagellar_pocket.html", "definition": "Invagination of the plasma membrane from which a flagellum protrudes.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020020", "label": "food vacuole", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/food_vacuole.html", "definition": "A vacuole within a parasite used for digestion of the host cell cytoplasm.", "synonyms": "digestive vacuole" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000324", "label": "fungal-type vacuole", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/fungal_type_vacuole.html", "definition": "A vacuole that has both lytic and storage functions. The fungal vacuole is a large, membrane-bounded organelle that functions as a reservoir for small molecules and as the primary compartment for degradation.", "synonyms": "vacuole, cell cycle-correlated morphology" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000328", "label": "fungal-type vacuole lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/fungal_type_vacuole_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane of the fungal-type vacuole.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000329", "label": "fungal-type vacuole membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/fungal_type_vacuole_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding the fungal-type vacuole.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020015", "label": "glycosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/glycosome.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded organelle found in organisms from the order Kinetoplastida that houses the enzymes of glycolysis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034468", "label": "glycosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/glycosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the glycosome membrane.", "synonyms": "glycosomal lumen glycosomal matrix glycosome matrix" }, { "identifier": "GO:0046860", "label": "glycosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/glycosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The membrane surrounding the glycosome.", "synonyms": "glycosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031908", "label": "glyoxysomal lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/glyoxysomal_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the glyoxysome membrane.", "synonyms": "glyoxysomal matrix glyoxysome lumen glyoxysome matrix" }, { "identifier": "GO:0046861", "label": "glyoxysomal membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/glyoxysomal_membrane.html", "definition": "The membrane surrounding the glyoxysome.", "synonyms": "glyoxysome membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009514", "label": "glyoxysome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/glyoxysome.html", "definition": "A specialized form of peroxisome that contains the enzymes of the glyoxylate pathway. The glyoxysome is found in some plant cells, notably the cells of germinating seeds.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005794", "label": "Golgi apparatus", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/golgi_apparatus.html", "definition": "A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways.", "synonyms": "Golgi complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005798", "label": "Golgi-associated vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/golgi_associated_vesicle.html", "definition": "Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell.", "synonyms": "Golgi vesicle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030660", "label": "Golgi-associated vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/golgi_associated_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus.", "synonyms": "Golgi vesicle membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031985", "label": "Golgi cisterna", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/golgi_cisterna.html", "definition": "Any of the thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032580", "label": "Golgi cisterna membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/golgi_cisterna_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the thin, flattened compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005796", "label": "Golgi lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/golgi_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membranes of any cisterna or subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus, including the cis- and trans-Golgi networks.", "synonyms": "Golgi apparatus lumen Golgi complex lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000139", "label": "Golgi membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/golgi_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.", "synonyms": "Golgi apparatus membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0046859", "label": "hydrogenosomal membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/hydrogenosomal_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a hydrogenosome.", "synonyms": "hydrogenosome membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042566", "label": "hydrogenosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/hydrogenosome.html", "definition": "A spherical, membrane-bounded organelle found in some anaerobic protozoa, which participates in ATP and molecular hydrogen formation.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034492", "label": "hydrogenosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/hydrogenosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the hydrogenosome membrane.", "synonyms": "hydrogenosomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070258", "label": "inner membrane pellicle complex", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/inner_membrane_pellicle_complex.html", "definition": "An apicomplexan double-membrane pellicle structure formed by flattened vesicles beneath the plasma membrane.", "synonyms": "inner membrane complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:intramitochondrial_protein_quality_control_compartment", "label": "intramitochondrial protein quality control compartment", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/intramitochondrial_protein_quality_control_compartment.html", "definition": "A mitochondrial membrane-enclosed deposit compartment characterized in budding yeast that sequesters aggregated matrix proteins, often near the nucleus and separated from the remaining tubular mitochondrial network.", "synonyms": "IMiQ" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005770", "label": "late endosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/late_endosome.html", "definition": "A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031906", "label": "late endosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/late_endosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membrane of a late endosome.", "synonyms": "late endosomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031902", "label": "late endosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/late_endosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome.", "synonyms": "late endosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031039", "label": "macronucleus", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/macronucleus.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded organelle of ciliated protozoan cells that contains polyploid copies of a portion of the cell's complete genome. Transcription of genes occurs in macronuclei. Some ciliate species may contain multiple macronuclei per cell.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0110143", "label": "magnetosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/magnetosome.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded organelle of magnetotactic bacteria enclosing a nanocrystal of a magnetic iron mineral — magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4). Magnetosomes are invaginations of the cytoplasmic membrane that are filled with iron, and are arranged into a chain along a cytoskeletal filament so that the cell behaves as a swimming compass needle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0110145", "label": "magnetosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/magnetosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the magnetosome membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0110146", "label": "magnetosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/magnetosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer membrane surrounding a magnetosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020036", "label": "Maurer's cleft", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/maurer_s_cleft.html", "definition": "A disk-like structure that appears at the periphery of a red blood cell infected by an apicomplexan parasite, characterized by a translucent lumen and an electron-dense coat of variable thickness; often appears to be tethered to the host cell membrane by fibrous connections with the erythrocyte cytoskeleton.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044227", "label": "methane-oxidizing organelle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/methane_oxidizing_organelle.html", "definition": "A cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle in aerobic methanotrophic bacteria, built from intracytoplasmic membranes that house particulate methane monooxygenase and associated electron-transfer proteins for methane catabolism.", "synonyms": "methane-oxidizing compartment methanotroph intracytoplasmic membrane-bound compartment" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020009", "label": "microneme", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/microneme.html", "definition": "A small, elongated secretory organelle that forms part of the apical complex, located along the main axis of an apicomplexan parasite cell within the extreme apical region and at the periphery under the inner membrane complex. Of the specialized secretory compartments identified in apicomplexans, micronemes discharge their contents first, during initial contact of the parasite's apical pole with the host cell surface. Micronemal proteins function during parasite attachment and penetration into the target cell.", "synonyms": "sarconeme" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034494", "label": "microneme lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/microneme_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the microneme membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033163", "label": "microneme membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/microneme_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a microneme.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031040", "label": "micronucleus", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/micronucleus.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded organelle of ciliated protozoan cells that contains a diploid copy of the cell's complete genome. Sections of contiguous sequence in the macronucleus are often interrupted by internal eliminated sequences (IES), and may be permuted, in micronuclei. Genic transcription is not found in micronuclei. Some ciliate species may contain multiple micronuclei per cell.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:microsporidian_posterior_vacuole", "label": "microsporidian posterior vacuole", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/microsporidian_posterior_vacuole.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded posterior vesicle in a microsporidian spore that expands during germination and is implicated in polar-tube extrusion and sporoplasm expulsion.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030061", "label": "mitochondrial crista", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_crista.html", "definition": "Any of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Their number, extent, and shape differ in mitochondria from different tissues and organisms. They appear to be devices for increasing the surface area of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where the enzymes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are found. Their shape can vary with the respiratory state of the mitochondria.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial cristae cristae" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044284", "label": "mitochondrial crista junction", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_crista_junction.html", "definition": "A tubular structure of relatively uniform size that connects a mitochondrial crista to the mitochondrial inner boundary membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitochondrial_derived_compartment", "label": "mitochondrial-derived compartment", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_derived_compartment.html", "definition": "An inducible compartment characterized in budding yeast that remodels the outer mitochondrial membrane into multilamellar domains, selectively concentrates membrane-associated proteins, and can enclose cytosolic material.", "synonyms": "MDC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005740", "label": "mitochondrial envelope", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_envelope.html", "definition": "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097002", "label": "mitochondrial inner boundary membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_inner_boundary_membrane.html", "definition": "The portion of the mitochondrial inner membrane that is not invaginated to form cristae and lies parallel to the outer membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005743", "label": "mitochondrial inner membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_inner_membrane.html", "definition": "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae.", "synonyms": "inner mitochondrial membrane inner mitochondrion membrane mitochondrion inner membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005758", "label": "mitochondrial intermembrane space", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_intermembrane_space.html", "definition": "The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial envelope lumen mitochondrial membrane lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005759", "label": "mitochondrial matrix", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_matrix.html", "definition": "The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial lumen mitochondrial stroma" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031966", "label": "mitochondrial membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_membrane.html", "definition": "Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005741", "label": "mitochondrial outer membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrial_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope.", "synonyms": "mitochondrion outer membrane outer mitochondrial membrane outer mitochondrion membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005739", "label": "mitochondrion", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitochondrion.html", "definition": "A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.", "synonyms": "mitochondria" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032047", "label": "mitosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitosome.html", "definition": "A double-membrane-bounded organelle that functions in iron-sulfur protein maturation; evolutionarily derived from mitochondria. The mitosome has been detected only in anaerobic or microaerophilic organisms that do not have mitochondria, such as Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis and several species of Microsporidia. These organisms are not capable of gaining energy from oxidative phosphorylation, which is normally performed by mitochondria.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitosome_envelope", "label": "mitosome envelope", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitosome_envelope.html", "definition": "The mitosomal envelope comprises the inner and outer mitosomal membrane including the intermembrane space.", "synonyms": "mitosomal envelope" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitosome_inner_membrane", "label": "mitosome inner membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitosome_inner_membrane.html", "definition": "The inner membrane of a mitosome is the membrane which separates the mitosomal matrix from the intermembrane space.", "synonyms": "inner mitosomal membrane mitosomal inner membrane" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitosome_intermembrane_space", "label": "mitosome intermembrane space", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitosome_intermembrane_space.html", "definition": "The mitosomal intermembrane space is the space between inner and outer mitosomal membranes.", "synonyms": "mitosomal intermembrane space mitosomal periplasm mitosomal periplasmic space" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitosome_matrix", "label": "mitosome matrix", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitosome_matrix.html", "definition": "The matrix of a mitosome is the mitosomal internal spaces enclosed by the inner membrane.", "synonyms": "mitosomal matrix" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitosome_outer_membrane", "label": "mitosome outer membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mitosome_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "The outer membrane of a mitosome is the mitosomal membrane facing the cytoplasm.", "synonyms": "mitosomal outer membrane outer mitosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070074", "label": "mononeme", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mononeme.html", "definition": "A small, threadlike secretory organelle that forms part of the apical complex and lies close to the subpellicular microtubules.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036000", "label": "mucocyst", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/mucocyst.html", "definition": "A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, in the pellicle of ciliate protozoans that discharges a mucus-like secretion.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005771", "label": "multivesicular body", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/multivesicular_body.html", "definition": "A type of endosome in which regions of the limiting endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles; membrane proteins that enter the internal vesicles are sequestered from the cytoplasm.", "synonyms": "MVB endosomal carrier vesicle ECV corpuscula multivesicularis multivesicular bodies" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:multivesicular_body_intraluminal_vesicle", "label": "multivesicular body intraluminal vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/multivesicular_body_intraluminal_vesicle.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded vesicle inside a multivesicular body that forms when the limiting endosomal membrane buds inward and pinches into the lumen during multivesicular body sorting.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:multivesicular_body_lumen", "label": "multivesicular body lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/multivesicular_body_lumen.html", "definition": "The multivesicular body compartment bounded by the multivesicular body membrane.", "synonyms": "Corpuscula multivesicularis lumen ECV lumen Endosomal carrier vesicle lumen Multivesicular bodies lumen MVB lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032585", "label": "multivesicular body membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/multivesicular_body_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a multivesicular body.", "synonyms": "Corpuscula multivesicularis membrane ECV membrane Endosomal carrier vesicle membrane Multivesicular bodies membrane MVB membrane" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:nitroplast", "label": "nitroplast", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nitroplast.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded nitrogen-fixing organelle derived from a UCYN-A cyanobacterium within a Braarudosphaera haptophyte; characterized in B. bigelowii by coordinated division and evidence for host-encoded protein import.", "synonyms": "UCYN-A spheroid body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005635", "label": "nuclear envelope", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nuclear_envelope.html", "definition": "The double lipid bilayer that encloses the nucleus, separating its contents from the cytoplasm. It consists of an inner and outer nuclear membrane, with an intermembrane space (20-40 nm wide, also called the perinuclear space) between them. The envelope is supported by the nuclear lamina and contains nuclear pore complexes, which regulate molecular transport.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005641", "label": "nuclear envelope lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nuclear_envelope_lumen.html", "definition": "The region between the two lipid bilayers of the nuclear envelope.", "synonyms": "perinuclear space" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005637", "label": "nuclear inner membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nuclear_inner_membrane.html", "definition": "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope.", "synonyms": "inner nuclear membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031981", "label": "nuclear lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nuclear_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the nuclear inner membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:nuclear_net", "label": "nuclear net", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nuclear_net.html", "definition": "A reticulating double-membrane network characterized inside the nucleus of the dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii. Its strands interconnect dinomitotic tunnels and the peripheral nuclear envelope, with regularly spaced swellings along the inner strands; the network is continuous with and forms part of the nuclear envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005640", "label": "nuclear outer membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nuclear_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope.", "synonyms": "outer nuclear membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033009", "label": "nucleomorph", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nucleomorph.html", "definition": "A small, vestigial nucleus found in some plastids that derive from a eukaryotic endosymbiont. Observed in chlorarachniophytes and cryptomonads, which acquired their plastids from a green and red alga respectively.", "synonyms": "residual endosymbiont nucleus remnant endosymbiont nucleus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005634", "label": "nucleus", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/nucleus.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing.", "synonyms": "cell nucleus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070111", "label": "organellar chromatophore", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/organellar_chromatophore.html", "definition": "A bacteroid-containing symbiosome in which the bacterial component is a genetically highly reduced cyanobacterium that is photosynthetically active", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070113", "label": "organellar chromatophore inner membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/organellar_chromatophore_inner_membrane.html", "definition": "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, of the two lipid bilayers surrounding an organellar chromatophore.", "synonyms": "Paulinella-type chromatophore inner membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070115", "label": "organellar chromatophore intermembrane space", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/organellar_chromatophore_intermembrane_space.html", "definition": "The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers that surround an organellar chromatophore.", "synonyms": "Paulinella-type chromatophore intermembrane space" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070112", "label": "organellar chromatophore membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/organellar_chromatophore_membrane.html", "definition": "Either of the lipid bilayers that surround an organellar chromatophore.", "synonyms": "Paulinella-type chromatophore membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070114", "label": "organellar chromatophore outer membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/organellar_chromatophore_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, of the two lipid bilayers surrounding an organellar chromatophore.", "synonyms": "Paulinella-type chromatophore outer membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070116", "label": "organellar chromatophore thylakoid", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/organellar_chromatophore_thylakoid.html", "definition": "A thylakoid located in an organellar chromatophore", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070117", "label": "organellar chromatophore thylakoid lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/organellar_chromatophore_thylakoid_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by an organellar chromatophore thylakoid membrane.", "synonyms": "Paulinella-type chromatophore thylakoid lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070118", "label": "organellar chromatophore thylakoid membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/organellar_chromatophore_thylakoid_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer membrane of any thylakoid within an organellar chromatophore.", "synonyms": "Paulinella-type chromatophore thylakoid membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044310", "label": "osmiophilic body", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/osmiophilic_body.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded vesicle found predominantly in Plasmodium female gametocytes, that becomes progressively more abundant as the gametocyte reaches full maturity. These vesicles lie beneath the subpellicular membrane of the gametocyte, and the release of their contents into the parasitophorous vacuole has been postulated to aid in the escape of gametocytes from the erythrocyte after ingestion by the mosquito.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:parasitophorous_vacuole", "label": "parasitophorous vacuole", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/parasitophorous_vacuole.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded host-cell vacuole in which an invading apicomplexan parasite resides and develops; its bounding parasitophorous vacuolar membrane is initiated during host-cell invasion and surrounds the intracellular parasite.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:parasitophorous_vacuole_lumen", "label": "parasitophorous vacuole lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/parasitophorous_vacuole_lumen.html", "definition": "The parasitophorous vacuole compartment bounded by the membrane of the parasitophorous vacuole.", "synonyms": "parasitophorous vacuolar lumen" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:parasitophorous_vacuole_membrane", "label": "parasitophorous vacuole membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/parasitophorous_vacuole_membrane.html", "definition": "The membrane surrounding the parasitophorous vacuole.", "synonyms": "parasitophorous vacuolar membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:7770041", "label": "periplastidial membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/periplastidial_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer that forms the second outermost membrane of complex plastids in organisms that acquired their plastids through secondary endosymbiosis. The periplastidial membrane is evolutionarily derived from the plasma membrane of the engulfed algal endosymbiont and together with the outer envelope membrane of the plastid defines the periplastidial compartment.", "synonyms": "PPM" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005782", "label": "peroxisomal matrix", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/peroxisomal_matrix.html", "definition": "The volume contained within the membranes of a peroxisome; in many cells the matrix contains a crystalloid core largely composed of urate oxidase.", "synonyms": "peroxisomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005778", "label": "peroxisomal membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/peroxisomal_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a peroxisome.", "synonyms": "peroxisome membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005777", "label": "peroxisome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/peroxisome.html", "definition": "A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells; it contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0045335", "label": "phagocytic vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/phagocytic_vesicle.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis.", "synonyms": "phagosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097013", "label": "phagocytic vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/phagocytic_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by a phagocytic vesicle membrane.", "synonyms": "Phagosome lumen Phagosomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030670", "label": "phagocytic vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/phagocytic_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a phagocytic vesicle.", "synonyms": "Phagosome membrane Phagosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032010", "label": "phagolysosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/phagolysosome.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by maturation of an early phagosome following the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis; during maturation, phagosomes acquire markers of late endosomes and lysosomes. A mature digestive organelle formed by the fusion of a phagosome with lysosomes in phagotrophic microbial eukaryotes such as Dictyostelium discoideum, Entamoeba histolytica, and ciliates. The phagolysosome features a strongly acidified lumen maintained by V-type H+-ATPases and an arsenal of acid hydrolases, proteases, and lysozymes that degrade engulfed bacteria and particulate nutrients.", "synonyms": "late phagocytic vesicle late phagosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061474", "label": "phagolysosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/phagolysosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a phagolysosome. In phagotrophic protists and amoebae (Dictyostelium discoideum, Entamoeba histolytica), the phagolysosome membrane is formed by SNARE-mediated fusion of late phagosomes with lysosomes and contains dense V-type H+-ATPase complexes, Nramp divalent metal efflux pumps, and heavily glycosylated LAMP-like membrane proteins that protect the bilayer from luminal hydrolases.", "synonyms": "phagolysosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0106174", "label": "phagolysosome vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/phagolysosome_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membrane of a phagolysosome. In phagotrophic amoebae (Dictyostelium discoideum, Entamoeba histolytica) and ciliates, the acidic phagolysosome vesicle lumen concentrates cathepsin-like cysteine and aspartic proteases, lysozymes, phospholipases, and reactive oxygen species that kill and digest engulfed microbial cells.", "synonyms": "phagolysosome lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034357", "label": "photosynthetic membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/photosynthetic_membrane.html", "definition": "A membrane enriched in complexes formed of reaction centers, accessory pigments and electron carriers, in which photosynthetic reactions take place.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042717", "label": "plasma membrane-derived chromatophore membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plasma_membrane_derived_chromatophore_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer associated with a plasma membrane-derived chromatophore; surrounds chromatophores that form complete vesicles.", "synonyms": "cellular chromatophore membrane chromatophore membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031979", "label": "plasma membrane-derived thylakoid lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plasma_membrane_derived_thylakoid_lumen.html", "definition": "The internal lumen enclosed by a plasma membrane-derived bacterial thylakoid.", "synonyms": "cellular thylakoid lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031676", "label": "plasma membrane-derived thylakoid membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plasma_membrane_derived_thylakoid_membrane.html", "definition": "The pigmented membrane of a plasma membrane-derived thylakoid.", "synonyms": "plasma membrane thylakoid membrane cellular thylakoid membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009536", "label": "plastid", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid.html", "definition": "Any member of a family of organelles found in the cytoplasm of plants and some protists, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA. Plant plastids develop from a common type, the proplastid.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009526", "label": "plastid envelope", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_envelope.html", "definition": "The double lipid bilayer enclosing a plastid and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space.", "synonyms": "Plastidic envelope" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009528", "label": "plastid inner membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_inner_membrane.html", "definition": "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the plastid envelope; also faces the plastid stroma.", "synonyms": "Inner plastidic membrane Inner plastid membrane Plastidic inner membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009529", "label": "plastid intermembrane space", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_intermembrane_space.html", "definition": "The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the plastid envelope.", "synonyms": "Plastidic intermembrane space" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042170", "label": "plastid membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_membrane.html", "definition": "Any lipid bilayer that surrounds a plastid or is part of the plastid envelope. Primary plastids (in plants, green algae, red algae, and glaucophytes) are surrounded by two membranes; complex plastids derived from secondary endosymbiosis are surrounded by three or four membranes.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009527", "label": "plastid outer membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_outer_membrane.html", "definition": "The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the plastid envelope.", "synonyms": "Outer plastidic membrane Outer plastid membrane Plastidic outer membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009532", "label": "plastid stroma", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_stroma.html", "definition": "The ground substance of a plastid.", "synonyms": "Plastidic stroma" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031976", "label": "plastid thylakoid", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_thylakoid.html", "definition": "Any thylakoid within a plastid.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031978", "label": "plastid thylakoid lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_thylakoid_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by a plastid thylakoid membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0055035", "label": "plastid thylakoid membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/plastid_thylakoid_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer membrane of any thylakoid within a plastid.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160201", "label": "polaroplast", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/polaroplast.html", "definition": "A membrane-bounded organelle found in a microsporidian spore that swells with water and exerts pressure to rupture the polar cap and evert the polar tube.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:pusule", "label": "pusule", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/pusule.html", "definition": "A dinoflagellate membrane organelle connected to a flagellar canal, comprising sacs, tubules or collecting chambers with associated diverticula. Its wall includes an invaginated plasma membrane apposed to vacuolar membrane; the canal-connected lumen is not a sealed intracellular compartment.", "synonyms": "pusule apparatus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160223", "label": "pyrenoid tubule", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/pyrenoid_tubule.html", "definition": "A specialized membranous structure that extends from the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane into and transverses the matrix of a pyrenoid.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0055037", "label": "recycling endosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/recycling_endosome.html", "definition": "An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane.", "synonyms": "endosomal recycling compartment endosome recycling compartment ERC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034777", "label": "recycling endosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/recycling_endosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membranes of a recycling endosome.", "synonyms": "recycling endosomal lumen" }, { "identifier": "GO:0055038", "label": "recycling endosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/recycling_endosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a recycling endosome.", "synonyms": "recycling endosomal membrane" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:reservosome", "label": "reservosome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/reservosome.html", "definition": "A posterior, membrane-bounded endocytic organelle in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes that receives internalized macromolecular cargo.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0106124", "label": "reservosome lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/reservosome_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the membranes of a reservosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0106125", "label": "reservosome matrix", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/reservosome_matrix.html", "definition": "A matrix composed of planar membranes, vesicles and lipid inclusions within the reservosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0106126", "label": "reservosome membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/reservosome_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a reservosome. The limiting lipid bilayer membrane surrounding the reservosome in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. It is enriched in ergosterol, P-type H+-ATPases, ABC transporters, and membrane-tethered Rab11 GTPases that mediate endocytic vesicle fusion, luminal acidification, and regulated lipid and protein mobilization during metacyclogenesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020008", "label": "rhoptry", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/rhoptry.html", "definition": "A large, club-shaped secretory organelle that forms part of the apical complex of an apicomplexan parasite, and consists of a bulbous body and a narrow electron-dense neck that extends through the conoid at the apical tip of the parasite. The rhoptry necks serve as ducts through which the contents of the rhoptries are secreted after attachment to the host has been completed and at the commencement of invasion. Rhoptry proteins function in the biogenesis and host organellar association of the parasitophorous vacuole.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034591", "label": "rhoptry lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/rhoptry_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by the rhoptry membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033016", "label": "rhoptry membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/rhoptry_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a rhoptry.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990225", "label": "rhoptry neck", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/rhoptry_neck.html", "definition": "Narrow, electron-dense part of the rhoptry that extends through the conoid at the apical tip of an apicomplexan parasite.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036007", "label": "scintillon", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/scintillon.html", "definition": "A cytoplasmic light-emitting compartment of certain dinoflagellates that produces bioluminescence upon acidification in the presence of oxygen.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0062160", "label": "spongiome", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/spongiome.html", "definition": "A network of tubules and vesicles that is part of a contractile vacuole complex and participates in external water discharge during osmoregulation.", "synonyms": "decorated spongiome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009579", "label": "thylakoid", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/thylakoid.html", "definition": "A membranous cellular structure that bears the photosynthetic pigments in photosynthetic bacteria and within chloroplasts.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031977", "label": "thylakoid lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/thylakoid_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed by a thylakoid membrane. The continuous aqueous compartment enclosed by the thylakoid membrane in cyanobacteria and plastid-bearing eukaryotic microalgae (such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and diatoms). During oxygenic photosynthesis, water oxidation by the lumenal oxygen-evolving complex of Photosystem II and plastoquinol oxidation by cytochrome b6f pump protons into the thylakoid lumen, generating the acidic ΔpH that drives ATP synthase and housing soluble electron carrier plastocyanin (or cytochrome c6).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042651", "label": "thylakoid membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/thylakoid_membrane.html", "definition": "The pigmented photosynthetic membrane of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, enriched in photosystems, cytochrome b6f, ATP synthase, plastoquinone and glycolipids, where light-driven electron transport builds the proton motive force for photosynthetic ATP synthesis.", "synonyms": "TM" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:toxicyst", "label": "toxicyst", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/toxicyst.html", "definition": "A ciliate offensive extrusome that stores toxic discharge material and ejects on prey contact to immobilize prey during raptorial feeding.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005802", "label": "trans-Golgi network", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/trans_golgi_network.html", "definition": "The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.", "synonyms": "TGN trans Golgi network" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032588", "label": "trans-Golgi network membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/trans_golgi_network_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments that make up the trans-Golgi network.", "synonyms": "trans Golgi network membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030140", "label": "trans-Golgi network transport vesicle", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/trans_golgi_network_transport_vesicle.html", "definition": "A vesicle that mediates transport between the trans-Golgi network and other parts of the cell. A membrane-bounded transport vesicle that buds from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to sort and deliver biosynthetic secretory and endolysosomal cargo to the plasma membrane, endosomes, or vacuole in yeasts, filamentous fungi, and protists. Vesicle biogenesis is driven by Arf1 GTPase activation, clathrin/adaptor or exomer coat assembly, and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate signaling.", "synonyms": "TGN transport vesicle trans-Golgi network constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0098564", "label": "trans-Golgi network transport vesicle lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/trans_golgi_network_transport_vesicle_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed within the membrane of a trans-Golgi network transport vesicle. The enclosed aqueous compartment within a trans-Golgi network (TGN) transport vesicle bounded by the vesicle membrane. In yeasts and other microbial eukaryotes, the TGN vesicle lumen houses soluble secretory glycoproteins, cell-wall remodeling enzymes, and vacuolar hydrolase precursors sorted from the late Golgi.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0012510", "label": "trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/trans_golgi_network_transport_vesicle_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle transporting substances between the trans-Golgi network and other parts of the cell.", "synonyms": "TGN transport vesicle membrane trans-Golgi network constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0055039", "label": "trichocyst", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/trichocyst.html", "definition": "A crystalline exocytotic organelle composed of small, acidic proteins existing primarily as disulphide-linked dimers. The trichocyst releases long filamentous proteins that capture predators in net-like structures to slow them down when the cell is disturbed.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005775", "label": "vacuolar lumen", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/vacuolar_lumen.html", "definition": "The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005774", "label": "vacuolar membrane", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/vacuolar_membrane.html", "definition": "The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005773", "label": "vacuole", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/vacuole.html", "definition": "A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140266", "label": "Woronin body", "category": "MEMBRANE_ORGANELLE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/membrane_organelle/woronin_body.html", "definition": "A peroxisome-derived dense-core vesicle of filamentous fungi that seals septal pores upon hyphal wounding.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031469", "label": "bacterial microcompartment", "category": "MICROCOMPARTMENT", "kind": "PROTEIN_SHELLED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/microcompartment/bacterial_microcompartment.html", "definition": "A bacterial protein-shelled organelle in which a selectively permeable polyhedral shell encapsulates pathway enzymes to segregate segments of metabolism from the cytosol.", "synonyms": "BMC metabolosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031470", "label": "carboxysome", "category": "MICROCOMPARTMENT", "kind": "PROTEIN_SHELLED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/microcompartment/carboxysome.html", "definition": "A bacterial microcompartment — a polyhedral, selectively permeable protein shell about 100–200 nm across — that encapsulates RuBisCO and carbonic anhydrase to concentrate CO2 around RuBisCO in cyanobacteria and many chemoautotrophs. Alpha-carboxysomes (cso genes) and beta-carboxysomes (ccm genes) evolved their shells and scaffolds independently.", "synonyms": "polyhedral body" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:carboxysome_shell", "label": "carboxysome shell", "category": "MICROCOMPARTMENT", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/microcompartment/carboxysome_shell.html", "definition": "The polyhedral protein coat of alpha- and beta-carboxysomes, built from BMC-H, BMC-T, and BMC-P shell proteins that enclose RuBisCO and carbonic anhydrase while controlling metabolite traffic between the lumen and cytosol.", "synonyms": "carboxysome protein shell alpha-carboxysome shell beta-carboxysome shell" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140737", "label": "encapsulin nanocompartment", "category": "MICROCOMPARTMENT", "kind": "PROTEIN_SHELLED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/microcompartment/encapsulin_nanocompartment.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous nanocompartment, 24 to 42 nm across, built from a single HK97-fold shell protein that self-assembles into an icosahedron. Cargo enzymes are packaged inside by a short targeting peptide that binds the shell interior; the commonest cargoes are ferritin-like iron-mineralising proteins and peroxidases.", "synonyms": "protein nanocompartment" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031471", "label": "ethanolamine degradation polyhedral organelle", "category": "MICROCOMPARTMENT", "kind": "PROTEIN_SHELLED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/microcompartment/ethanolamine_degradation_polyhedral_organelle.html", "definition": "An organelle found in bacteria consisting of a proteinaceous coat containing enzymes for the degradation of ethanolamine whose purpose is the protection of the rest of the cell from the toxic acetaldehyde product of the enzyme ethanolamine ammonia lyase.", "synonyms": "Eut metabolosome ethanolamine utilization bacterial microcompartment" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031472", "label": "propanediol degradation polyhedral organelle", "category": "MICROCOMPARTMENT", "kind": "PROTEIN_SHELLED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/microcompartment/propanediol_degradation_polyhedral_organelle.html", "definition": "An organelle found in bacteria consisting of a proteinaceous coat containing enzymes for the degradation of 1,2-propanediol whose purpose is the protection of the rest of the cell from the toxic propionaldehyde product of the enzyme diol dehydratase.", "synonyms": "Pdu microcompartment propanediol-utilizing metabolosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042644", "label": "chloroplast nucleoid", "category": "NUCLEOID", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/nucleoid/chloroplast_nucleoid.html", "definition": "The region of a chloroplast to which the DNA is confined.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020023", "label": "kinetoplast", "category": "NUCLEOID", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/nucleoid/kinetoplast.html", "definition": "A sub-structure within the large single mitochondrion of kinetoplastid parasites and which is closely associated with the flagellar pocket and basal body of the flagellum.", "synonyms": "kinetoplast DNA network kDNA network" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042645", "label": "mitochondrial nucleoid", "category": "NUCLEOID", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/nucleoid/mitochondrial_nucleoid.html", "definition": "The region of a mitochondrion to which the DNA is confined.", "synonyms": "mitochondrion nucleoid mitochromosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009295", "label": "nucleoid", "category": "NUCLEOID", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/nucleoid/nucleoid.html", "definition": "The non-membrane-bounded subcellular region in which a bacterial chromosome is compacted and organized with nucleoid-associated proteins while remaining dynamically coupled to transcription and replication.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042646", "label": "plastid nucleoid", "category": "NUCLEOID", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/nucleoid/plastid_nucleoid.html", "definition": "A region of a plastid to which the DNA is confined.", "synonyms": "Plastidic nucleoid" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000148", "label": "1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/1_3_beta_d_glucan_synthase_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that catalyzes the transfer of a glucose group from UDP-glucose to a (1->3)-beta-D-glucan chain.", "synonyms": "1,3-beta-glucan synthase complex (1->3)-beta-glucan synthase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009334", "label": "3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/3_phenylpropionate_dioxygenase_complex.html", "definition": "Enzyme complex consisting of four proteins: the two subunits of the hydroxylase component (hcaE and hcaF), a ferredoxin (hcaC) and a ferredoxin reductase (hcaD). Converts 3-phenylpropionic acid (PP) into cis-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol (PP-dihydrodiol).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016590", "label": "ACF complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/acf_complex.html", "definition": "An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (SNF2H in mammals, Isw2 in S. cerevisiae), an ACF1 homolog, and generally no other subunits, though Xenopus is an exception with a third non-conserved subunit. ACF plays roles in regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription and in DNA replication and repair.", "synonyms": "ATP-utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling factor complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:acrab_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex", "label": "AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux transport complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/acrab_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli tripartite multidrug efflux pump complex composed of AcrB inner-membrane RND transporters, AcrA periplasmic adaptor proteins, and the TolC outer-membrane channel that exports xenobiotics across the cell envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:acrad_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex", "label": "AcrAD-TolC multidrug efflux transport complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/acrad_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli RND-family cell-envelope efflux pump complex composed of AcrA, AcrD, and TolC subunits that exports aminoglycosides and other xenobiotic substrates across the cell envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:acref_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex", "label": "AcrEF-TolC multidrug efflux transport complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/acref_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli Resistance-Nodulation-Division-family cell-envelope efflux pump complex composed of AcrE, AcrF, and TolC subunits that exports acriflavines, indoles, and other xenobiotic substrates across the cell envelope.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140671", "label": "ADA complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ada_complex.html", "definition": "A chromatin remodeling complex that regulates transcription via acetylation primarily of nucleosomal histones H3 and H2B. In budding yeast shares the histone acetylation (HAT) module of ADA2-GCN5-NGG1-SGF29 with the related SAGA complex.", "synonyms": "ADA HAT complex ADA histone acetyltransferase complex Ada2/Gcn5/Ada3 transcription activator complex scADA" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990201", "label": "alkanesulfonate monooxygenase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/alkanesulfonate_monooxygenase_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex capable of alkanesulfonate monooxygenase activity. Involved in the utilization of alkanesulfonates as sulfur sources under conditions of sulfate or cysteine starvation, catalyzing the conversion of alkanesulfonates into aldehydes and sulfite. In E.coli the complex consists of a SsuD tetramer.", "synonyms": "SsuD complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005658", "label": "alpha DNA polymerase:primase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/alpha_dna_polymerase_primase_complex.html", "definition": "A complex of four polypeptides, comprising large and small DNA polymerase alpha subunits and two primase subunits, which are capable of catalyzing the synthesis of an RNA primer on the lagging strand of replicating DNA and the subsequent synthesis of a small stretch of DNA.", "synonyms": "DNA polymerase alpha:primase complex heterotetrameric polymerase alpha holoenzyme pol-prim" }, { "identifier": "GO:0110067", "label": "ammonium transmembrane transporter complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ammonium_transmembrane_transporter_complex.html", "definition": "High affinity ammonium transporter complex that enables the transfer of ammonium from one side of a membrane to the other.", "synonyms": "AMT1 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030121", "label": "AP-1 adaptor complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ap_1_adaptor_complex.html", "definition": "A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta1, gamma, mu1 and sigma1 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle; vesicles with AP-1-containing coats are normally found primarily in the trans-Golgi network. In at least humans, the AP-1 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (gamma1 and gamma2, mu1A and mu1B, and sigma1A, sigma1B and sigma1C).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030122", "label": "AP-2 adaptor complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ap_2_adaptor_complex.html", "definition": "A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030123", "label": "AP-3 adaptor complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ap_3_adaptor_complex.html", "definition": "A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta3, delta, mu3 and sigma3 subunits and is found associated with endosomal membranes. AP-3 does not appear to associate with clathrin in all organisms. In at least humans, the AP-3 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (beta3A and beta3B, mu3A and mu3B, and sigma3A and sigma3B).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030124", "label": "AP-4 adaptor complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ap_4_adaptor_complex.html", "definition": "An AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta4, epsilon, mu4 and sigma4 subunits and is found associated with membranes in the trans-Golgi network; it is not clear whether AP-4 forms clathrin coats in vivo.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044599", "label": "AP-5 adaptor complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ap_5_adaptor_complex.html", "definition": "An AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that in humans consists of beta5, zeta, mu5 and sigma5 subunits and is found associated with membranes in the endosomes; it is not clear whether AP-5 forms clathrin coats in vivo.", "synonyms": "adaptor protein-5 adaptor complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030119", "label": "AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ap_type_membrane_coat_adaptor_complex.html", "definition": "Any of several heterotetrameric complexes that link clathrin (or another coat-forming molecule, as hypothesized for AP-3 and AP-4) to a membrane surface; they are found on coated pits and coated vesicles, and mediate sorting of cargo proteins into vesicles. Each AP complex contains two large (a beta and one of either an alpha, gamma, delta, or epsilon) subunits (110-130 kDa), a medium (mu) subunit (approximately 50 kDa), and a small (sigma) subunit (15-20 kDa).", "synonyms": "clathrin adaptor" }, { "identifier": "GO:0020007", "label": "apical complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/apical_complex.html", "definition": "A group of cytoskeletal structures and associated membrane-bounded organelles at the anterior end of apicomplexan parasites that supports host-cell attachment, penetration, and parasite proliferation.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097691", "label": "bacterial extracellular vesicle", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/bacterial_extracellular_vesicle.html", "definition": "Small membrane vesicle (< 1 um) that buds off a prokaryotic cell plasma membrane, able to carry proteins, phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, nucleic acids, viruses, and more. Important in intercellular communication and pathogenesis; can exist within host cells.", "synonyms": "bacterial membrane vesicle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061701", "label": "bacterial outer membrane vesicle", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/bacterial_outer_membrane_vesicle.html", "definition": "A spherical, bilayered proteolipid vesicle released from gram-negative bacterial outer membranes.", "synonyms": "outer membrane vesicle OMV" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036389", "label": "bacterial pre-replicative complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/bacterial_pre_replicative_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex that forms at the bacterial oriC during the initial step of DNA replication and allows the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication.", "synonyms": "bacterial pre-RC" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990063", "label": "Bam protein complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/bam_protein_complex.html", "definition": "A bacterial outer-membrane beta-barrel protein assembly machine in which the BamA beta-barrel core and associated outer-membrane lipoproteins fold and insert beta-barrel proteins into the outer membrane.", "synonyms": "BAM complex beta-barrel assembly machinery complex OMP complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:7770042", "label": "bindosome complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/bindosome_complex.html", "definition": "A membrane-associated protein complex found in archaea that consists of sugar binding proteins assembled via a type IV pilin-like assembly system. The complex is located at the cell surface and functions in sugar uptake by facilitating the interaction between solute binding proteins and ABC transporters. The complex forms high molecular mass structures (400-600 kDa) that are integrated within or closely associated with the S-layer.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033186", "label": "CAF-1 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/caf_1_complex.html", "definition": "A conserved heterotrimeric protein complex that promotes histone H3 and H4 deposition onto newly synthesized DNA during replication or DNA repair; specifically facilitates replication-dependent nucleosome assembly with the major histone H3 (H3.1). In many species the CAF-1 subunits are designated p150, p60, and p48.", "synonyms": "chromatin assembly factor 1 complex chromatin assembly factor-I CAF-I" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031518", "label": "CBF3 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cbf3_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit protein complex that binds to centromeric DNA and initiates kinetochore assembly. In yeast, this complex consists of four subunits, namely Ctf13p, Skp1p, Cep3p and Cbf2p.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030015", "label": "CCR4-NOT core complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ccr4_not_core_complex.html", "definition": "The core of the CCR4-NOT complex. In Saccharomyces the CCR4-NOT core complex comprises Ccr4p, Caf1p, Caf40p, Caf130p, Not1p, Not2p, Not3p, Not4p, and Not5p.", "synonyms": "1.0 MDa CCR4-NOT complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005938", "label": "cell cortex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cell_cortex.html", "definition": "The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097610", "label": "cell surface furrow", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cell_surface_furrow.html", "definition": "A furrow that may be found on the cell surface. Examples include the cingulum and sulcus found in some dinoflagellates. A persistent invaginated groove or trench in the cortical cell surface of single-celled microbial eukaryotes—including the equatorial cingulum and ventral sulcus furrows of dinoflagellates, as well as the ventral feeding/flagellar grooves of excavates, cryptophytes, and euglenids. Supported by underlying cortical alveoli, epiplastids, and microtubular ribbons, the cell surface furrow channels flagellar beating waves and directs hydrodynamic flow for propulsion and prey capture.", "synonyms": "furrow groove cell surface groove" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005933", "label": "cellular bud", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cellular_bud.html", "definition": "A cellular outgrowth formed during budding reproduction that remains connected to a mother cell while it grows into a new individual.", "synonyms": "bud growing bud" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005935", "label": "cellular bud neck", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cellular_bud_neck.html", "definition": "The constricted cellular region between a mother cell and its daughter bud in budding organisms.", "synonyms": "bud neck" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031560", "label": "cellular bud neck polarisome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cellular_bud_neck_polarisome.html", "definition": "Protein complex that has a role in determining cell polarity, found at the neck of a fungal bud before and during cytokinesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005934", "label": "cellular bud tip", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cellular_bud_tip.html", "definition": "The distal region of a cellular bud opposite the mother-cell attachment site.", "synonyms": "bud tip" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031561", "label": "cellular bud tip polarisome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cellular_bud_tip_polarisome.html", "definition": "Protein complex that has a role in determining cell polarity, found at the tip of a growing fungal bud.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043263", "label": "cellulosome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cellulosome.html", "definition": "An extracellular membraneless organelle built around scaffoldin and dockerin-bearing enzymes that synergistically degrade insoluble plant-cell-wall polysaccharides.", "synonyms": "cellulosomal complex multienzyme cellulolytic complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005832", "label": "chaperonin-containing T-complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/chaperonin_containing_t_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit ring-shaped complex that mediates protein folding in the cytosol without a cofactor.", "synonyms": "TRiC TCP-1 ring complex CCT complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030896", "label": "checkpoint clamp complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/checkpoint_clamp_complex.html", "definition": "Conserved heterotrimeric complex of PCNA-like proteins that is loaded onto DNA at sites of DNA damage.", "synonyms": "CCC Rad9-Hus1-Rad1 (9-1-1) clamp complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0008623", "label": "CHRAC", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/chrac.html", "definition": "An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (SNF2H in mammals, Isw2 in S. cerevisiae), an ACF1 homolog, and additional small histone fold subunits (generally two of these, but Xenopus has only one and some additional non-conserved subunits). CHRAC plays roles in the regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription and in DNA replication and repair.", "synonyms": "chromatin accessibility complex ISW2 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030118", "label": "clathrin coat", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/clathrin_coat.html", "definition": "A membrane coat found on coated pits and some coated vesicles; consists of polymerized clathrin triskelions, each comprising three clathrin heavy chains and three clathrin light chains, linked to the membrane via one of the AP adaptor complexes.", "synonyms": "clathrin cage" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030132", "label": "clathrin coat of coated pit", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/clathrin_coat_of_coated_pit.html", "definition": "The coat found on coated pits and the coated vesicles derived from coated pits; comprises clathrin and the AP-2 adaptor complex.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030128", "label": "clathrin coat of endocytic vesicle", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/clathrin_coat_of_endocytic_vesicle.html", "definition": "A clathrin coat found on an endocytic vesicle.", "synonyms": "clathrin coat of endocytotic vesicle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030130", "label": "clathrin coat of trans-Golgi network vesicle", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/clathrin_coat_of_trans_golgi_network_vesicle.html", "definition": "A clathrin coat found on a vesicle of the trans-Golgi network.", "synonyms": "clathrin coat of TGN vesicle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005905", "label": "clathrin-coated pit", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/clathrin_coated_pit.html", "definition": "A part of the endomembrane system in the form of an invagination of a membrane upon which a clathrin coat forms, and that can be converted by vesicle budding into a clathrin-coated vesicle. Coated pits form on the plasma membrane, where they are involved in receptor-mediated selective transport of many proteins and other macromolecules across the cell membrane, in the trans-Golgi network, and on some endosomes.", "synonyms": "coated pit" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030125", "label": "clathrin vesicle coat", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/clathrin_vesicle_coat.html", "definition": "A membrane vesicle coat whose core lattice is built from clathrin and that coats clathrin-coated vesicles.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071920", "label": "cleavage body", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cleavage_body.html", "definition": "A nuclear body that contains proteins involved in pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation, such as DDX1, CSTF2 and CPSFs, as well as the transcription factors TFIIE and TFIIF. Cleavage bodies are localized adjacent to Cajal bodies and are involved in mRNA3'-end processing.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071162", "label": "CMG complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cmg_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that contains the GINS complex, Cdc45p, and the heterohexameric MCM complex, and that is involved in unwinding DNA during replication.", "synonyms": "unwindosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0017119", "label": "COG complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cog_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit tethering complex of the CATCHR family (complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods) that has a role in tethering vesicles to the Golgi prior to fusion. Composed of 8 subunits COG1-8.", "synonyms": "conserved oligomeric Golgi complex Golgi transport complex Sec34/35 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000817", "label": "COMA complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/coma_complex.html", "definition": "A kinetochore multiprotein complex that bridges the subunits that are in contact with centromeric DNA and the subunits bound to microtubules during kinetochore assembly. In yeast, consists of Ctf19p, Okp1p, Mcm21p, and Ame1p.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030126", "label": "COPI vesicle coat", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/copi_vesicle_coat.html", "definition": "A COPI membrane vesicle coat complex found associated with Golgi membranes; it forms on COPI-coated vesicles that mediate Golgi-to-endoplasmic-reticulum retrograde transport.", "synonyms": "coatomer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030127", "label": "COPII vesicle coat", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/copii_vesicle_coat.html", "definition": "A COPII coat protein complex that assembles on endoplasmic-reticulum membranes to bud COPII-coated ER-to-Golgi transport vesicles; in budding yeast it contains Sar1p, Sec23p, Sec24p, Sec13p, and Sec31p.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990098", "label": "core primosome complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/core_primosome_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex containing at least one DNA helicase and one primase. Can also contain associated proteins. The helicase component continues to unwind the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and the primase component synthesizes a RNA primer during initiation or restart of replication.", "synonyms": "core primosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000438", "label": "core TFIIH complex portion of holo TFIIH complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/core_tfiih_complex_portion_of_holo_tfiih_complex.html", "definition": "The core TFIIH complex when it is part of the general transcription factor TFIIH.", "synonyms": "SSL2-core TFIIH complex portion of holo TFIIH complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000440", "label": "core TFIIH complex portion of NEF3 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/core_tfiih_complex_portion_of_nef3_complex.html", "definition": "The core TFIIH complex when it is part of the nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 (NEF3).", "synonyms": "SSL2-core TFIIH complex portion of NEF3 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033263", "label": "CORVET complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/corvet_complex.html", "definition": "A multimeric protein complex that acts as an endosomal tethering complex (CORVET = class C core vacuole/endosome tethering) by cooperating with Rab GTPases to capture endosomal vesicles and trap them prior to the action of SNAREs; the complex is involved in endo-lysosomal biogenesis and required for transport between endosome and vacuole. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae complex contains Vps8p, Vps3p, Pep5p, Vps16p, Pep3p, and Vps33p.", "synonyms": "class C core vacuole/endosome tethering complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:crl4wdr1_ubiquitin_ligase_complex", "label": "CRL4WDR1 ubiquitin ligase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/crl4wdr1_ubiquitin_ligase_complex.html", "definition": "A WDR1-containing Cullin4-DDB1 protein complex characterized in procyclic Trypanosoma brucei. The named CRL4WDR1 association participates in regulation of TbPLK protein turnover; its complete catalytic composition and direct ubiquitination of TbPLK have not been established.", "synonyms": "CRL4WDR1" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031390", "label": "Ctf18 RFC-like complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ctf18_rfc_like_complex.html", "definition": "A heptameric complex related to replication factor C, which loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA and plays a vital role in chromosome cohesion. In Saccharomyces the subunits are known as Ctf18p, Rfc2p, Rfc3p, Rfc4p, Rfc5p, Dcc1p, and Ctf8p.", "synonyms": "Ctf18-RFC Ctf18-RLC RFC (Ctf18)" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:cullin_e_ubiquitin_ligase_complex", "label": "Cullin-E ubiquitin ligase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cullin_e_ubiquitin_ligase_complex.html", "definition": "A cullin-RING protein complex defined by the Cullin-E scaffold, experimentally characterized in Trypanosoma brucei by co-isolation with Rbx1, Skp1.2 and kelch-domain proteins. The associated kelch proteins are candidate client-recognition subunits; simultaneous occupancy and fixed stoichiometry have not been established.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034270", "label": "Cvt complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cvt_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that is involved in the Cvt pathway. In budding yeast, the Cvt complex consists of multimers of preApe1p.", "synonyms": "cytoplasm to vacuole targeting complex cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031910", "label": "cytostome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/cytostome.html", "definition": "Stable, specialized structure for the ingestion of food by the cell into phagosomes.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042729", "label": "DASH complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dash_complex.html", "definition": "A large protein complex, containing around 8-10 subunits in yeast, including Duo1p, Dam1p, Dad1p and Ask1p. The complex forms part of the outer kinetochore, associates with microtubules when the kinetochore attaches to the spindle, and plays a role in spindle attachment, chromosome segregation and spindle stability.", "synonyms": "condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore-associated DASH complex Dam1 complex DDD complex Duo1p-Dam1p-Dad1p complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031431", "label": "Dbf4-dependent protein kinase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dbf4_dependent_protein_kinase_complex.html", "definition": "A heterodimeric protein complex required for the activation of DNA replication origins; comprises a catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit (in Saccharomyces, Cdc7p and Dbf4p, respectively); complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins related to the Saccharomyces proteins.", "synonyms": "DDK Cdc7-Dbf4 complex Hsk1-Dfp1 kinase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043625", "label": "delta DNA polymerase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/delta_dna_polymerase_complex.html", "definition": "A multimeric DNA polymerase enzyme complex whose subunit composition differs among species and that functions in DNA replication, mismatch repair, and excision repair; in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DNA polymerase delta contains Pol3, Pol31, and Pol32 subunits.", "synonyms": "delta-DNA polymerase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990125", "label": "DiaA complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/diaa_complex.html", "definition": "A homotetrameric protein complex consisting of a symmetrical pair of DiaA homodimers. Facilitates DnaA binding to the origin of replication during replication initiation.", "synonyms": "DiaA homotetramer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097684", "label": "dinoflagellate antapex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_antapex.html", "definition": "The anterior most point of a dinoflagellate hypocone.", "synonyms": "antapex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097687", "label": "dinoflagellate antapical horn", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_antapical_horn.html", "definition": "A horn-shaped dinoflagellate antapex found in thecate species.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097683", "label": "dinoflagellate apex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_apex.html", "definition": "The anterior most point of a dinoflagellate epicone.", "synonyms": "apex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097685", "label": "dinoflagellate apical groove", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_apical_groove.html", "definition": "A cell surface furrow (or groove) found on a dinoflagellate apex. It typically loops around the apex.", "synonyms": "apical groove" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097686", "label": "dinoflagellate apical horn", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_apical_horn.html", "definition": "A horn-shaped dinoflagellate apex found in thecate species.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097611", "label": "dinoflagellate cingulum", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_cingulum.html", "definition": "A cell surface furrow that wraps around a dinoflagellate cell; the transverse flagellum lies in it.", "synonyms": "cingulum girdle transverse groove" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097613", "label": "dinoflagellate epicone", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_epicone.html", "definition": "The part of a dinoflagellate cell above the cingulum; also referred to as the anterior portion of a dinoflagellate cell. It is separated from the hypocone by the cingulum.", "synonyms": "epicone episome epitheca" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097614", "label": "dinoflagellate hypocone", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_hypocone.html", "definition": "The part of a dinoflagellate cell below the cingulum; also referred to as the posterior portion of a dinoflagellate cell. It is separated from the epicone by the cingulum.", "synonyms": "hypocone hyposome hypotheca" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097618", "label": "dinoflagellate sulcal notch", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_sulcal_notch.html", "definition": "A dinoflagellate sulcus that extends all the way to the posterior end of the cell (also known as antapex). The presence of a sulcal notch makes the dinoflagellate hypocone appear bilobed.", "synonyms": "dinoflagellate sulcus notch sulcal notch" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097612", "label": "dinoflagellate sulcus", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dinoflagellate_sulcus.html", "definition": "A cell surface furrow that occurs on the ventral side of a dinoflagellate cell. It partially houses the longitudinal flagellum. The sulcus intersects with the cingulum on the ventral side of a dinoflagellate cell.", "synonyms": "sulcus longitudinal furrow longitudinal groove" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120217", "label": "DNA gyrase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_gyrase_complex.html", "definition": "DNA gyrase complex is a bacterial GyrA2-GyrB2 type IIA topoisomerase complex that uses ATP hydrolysis to introduce negative supercoils into DNA and can also relax positive supercoils.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044775", "label": "DNA polymerase III, beta sliding clamp processivity factor complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_polymerase_iii_beta_sliding_clamp_processivity_factor_complex.html", "definition": "A subcomplex of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme which is responsible for tethering the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase to DNA during high-speed replication. The complex is homodimeric in prokaryotes, and homotrimeric in other species.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043847", "label": "DNA polymerase III, clamp loader chi/psi subcomplex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_polymerase_iii_clamp_loader_chi_psi_subcomplex.html", "definition": "A dimer composed of the chi and psi subunits which is a subassembly of the DNA polymerase III clamp loader complex and serves as a bridge between the DnaX complex and the single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB).", "synonyms": "DNA polymerase III, DnaX complex, chi/psi subcomplex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043846", "label": "DNA polymerase III, clamp loader complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_polymerase_iii_clamp_loader_complex.html", "definition": "A heptamer that includes the tau and gamma products of the dnaX gene and the chi/psi subcomplex. Confers structural asymmetry that allows the polymerase to replicate both leading and lagging strands.", "synonyms": "DNA polymerase III, DnaX complex DNA polymerase III, DnaX subcomplex clamp loader complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009360", "label": "DNA polymerase III complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_polymerase_iii_complex.html", "definition": "A DNA polymerase III holoenzyme complex organized into a Pol III core, a beta sliding-clamp processivity factor, and a clamp-loader complex that together support processive DNA replication.", "synonyms": "DNA polymerase III holoenzyme complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044776", "label": "DNA polymerase III, core complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_polymerase_iii_core_complex.html", "definition": "A DNA polymerase III core subassembly made of alpha, epsilon and theta subunits that provides polymerase and 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activities within the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005662", "label": "DNA replication factor A complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_replication_factor_a_complex.html", "definition": "A conserved heterotrimeric eukaryotic single-stranded-DNA-binding complex, also known as replication protein A, that supports DNA replication, repair and recombination.", "synonyms": "replication protein A RPA" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005663", "label": "DNA replication factor C complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_replication_factor_c_complex.html", "definition": "A complex that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase. In eukaryotes the complex consists of five polypeptides.", "synonyms": "RFC complex activator 1 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031261", "label": "DNA replication preinitiation complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_replication_preinitiation_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex assembled at eukaryotic DNA replication origins immediately prior to the initiation of DNA replication. The preinitiation complex is formed by the assembly of additional proteins onto an existing prereplicative complex. In budding yeast, the additional proteins might include Cdc45p, Sld2p, Sld3p, Dpb11p, DNA polymerases, and others; in fission yeast the GINS complex is present. The transient multiprotein-DNA complex assembled at licensed eukaryotic replication origins at the G1-to-S phase transition when Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK/Cdc7) and S-phase cyclin-dependent kinase (S-CDK) phosphorylate the loaded Mcm2–7 double hexamer and firing factors Sld2 and Sld3. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and related fungi, the DNA replication preinitiation complex recruits Dpb11, Cdc45, DNA polymerase epsilon, and the GINS tetramer to convert inactive Mcm2–7 rings into active CMG replicative helicases.", "synonyms": "pre-IC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009340", "label": "DNA topoisomerase IV complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dna_topoisomerase_iv_complex.html", "definition": "A bacterial type IIA topoisomerase complex composed of ParC and ParE subunits that can relax supercoiled DNA and supports chromosome segregation.", "synonyms": "topoisomerase IV" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990102", "label": "DnaA-DiaA complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnaa_diaa_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex containing a tetramer of DiaA attached to multiple DnaA molecule bound to oriC DNA. Regulates timely initiation of chromosomal replication during the cell cycle by stimulating assembly of DnaA-oriC complexes, conformational changes in ATP-DnaA initiation complexes, and unwinding of oriC duplex DNA.", "synonyms": "DnaA-DiaA-DNA complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990157", "label": "DnaA-DnaB-DnaC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnaa_dnab_dnac_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC bound to the DNA-bound DNA replication initiation protein DnaA. Essential for DNA replication initiation.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990084", "label": "DnaA-Dps complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnaa_dps_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that negatively regulates strand-opening at the origin of replication, thereby interfering with replication initiation. This complex is thought to be involved in the regulation of replication under oxidative stress conditions. In E. coli, this complex is composed of DnaA and Dps.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990083", "label": "DnaA-Hda complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnaa_hda_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that inactivates the function of DnaA by inhibiting the phosphorylation of DnaA-ADP to DnaA-ATP and thereby preventing multiple events of replication initiation. In E. coli, this complex is composed of DnaA and Hda.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990103", "label": "DnaA-HU complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnaa_hu_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex containing DNA-bound DnaA attached to HU. HU is a dimer encoded by two closely related genes. Essential for the initiation of replication in bacteria; stimulates the DnaA-dependent unwinding of oriC.", "synonyms": "DnaA-HU-DNA complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990082", "label": "DnaA-L2 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnaa_l2_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that inhibits unwinding of DNA at the origin of replication and assembly of the pre-primosome. In E. coli, this complex is composed of DnaA and of the ribosomal protein L2.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990101", "label": "DnaA-oriC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnaa_oric_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex containing the initiator protein DnaA bound to high-affinity recognition sites in the unique origin of replication, oriC. DnaA-oriC binding is the first step in assembly of a bacterial pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) and is responsible for the timely initiation of replication once per cell cycle.", "synonyms": "DnaA-DNA complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990100", "label": "DnaB-DnaC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnab_dnac_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex containing homohexameric DNA helicase DnaB, and the DNA helicase loader DnaC. The helicase loader DnaC delivers DnaB to the chromosomal origin (oriC).", "synonyms": "DnaB6-DnaC3 complex DnaB6-DnaC6 complex helicase-loading complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990158", "label": "DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriB complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnab_dnac_dnat_pria_prib_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins DnaT, PriA and PriB, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired.", "synonyms": "DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriB preprimosome phi-X174-type preprimosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990159", "label": "DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnab_dnac_dnat_pria_pric_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins DnaT, PriA and PriC, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired.", "synonyms": "DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriC preprimosome phi-X174-type preprimosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990160", "label": "DnaB-DnaC-Rep-PriC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnab_dnac_rep_pric_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins Rep and PriC, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired.", "synonyms": "DnaB-DnaC-Rep-PriC preprimosome phi-X174-type preprimosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990156", "label": "DnaB-DnaG complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnab_dnag_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex containing homohexameric DnaB helicase, and DnaG (a primase). Facilitates the unwinding of double-stranded DNA and the synthesis of RNA primer sequences during DNA replication and repair in Prokaryotes.", "synonyms": "DnaB-DnaG primosome complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990161", "label": "DnaB helicase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dnab_helicase_complex.html", "definition": "A homohexameric protein complex that possesses DNA helicase activity; functions during DNA replication and repair.", "synonyms": "DnaB hexamer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070939", "label": "Dsl1/NZR complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dsl1_nzr_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit tethering complex, i.e. a protein complex involved in mediating the initial interaction between vesicles and the membranes with which they fuse, that is involved in trafficking from the Golgi apparatus to the ER. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the Dsl1p complex contains Dsl1p, Tip20p, and Sec39p.", "synonyms": "Dsl1p complex NZR complex CATCHR family complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071819", "label": "DUBm complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dubm_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that forms part of SAGA-type complexes SAGA and SLIK, and mediates deubiquitination of histone H2B. In S. cerevisiae, the DUBm consists of the proteins Ubp8p, Sgf11p, Sus1p, and Sgf73p.", "synonyms": "deubiquitinating module deubiquitination module SAGA DUBm complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990065", "label": "Dxr protein complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/dxr_protein_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that is involved in the MEP pathway of IPP biosynthesis. It catalyzes the NADP-dependent rearrangement and reduction of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP).", "synonyms": "1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032126", "label": "eisosome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/eisosome.html", "definition": "A cell part that is composed of the eisosome membrane or MCC domain, a furrow-like plasma membrane sub-domain and associated integral transmembrane proteins, and the proteins (eisosome filaments) that form a scaffolding lattice on the cytoplasmic face. Eisosomes broadly affect overall plasma membrane organization.", "synonyms": "MCC/eisosome" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:ejectisome", "label": "ejectisome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ejectisome.html", "definition": "A cryptophyte extrusive organelle that discharges proteinaceous paracrystalline ribbons or filaments built in part from small ejectisin polypeptides.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031391", "label": "Elg1 RFC-like complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/elg1_rfc_like_complex.html", "definition": "A pentameric replication factor C-like complex that unloads the proliferating cell nuclear antigen DNA clamp from chromatin and supports telomere length regulation and genome stability in Saccharomyces.", "synonyms": "Elg1-RFC Elg1-RLC RFC (Elg1)" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033588", "label": "elongator holoenzyme complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/elongator_holoenzyme_complex.html", "definition": "A heterohexameric protein complex composed two discrete heterotrimeric subcomplexes that is involved in modification of wobble nucleosides in tRNA.", "synonyms": "holo-Elongator Holo-Elongator complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0072546", "label": "EMC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/emc_complex.html", "definition": "A transmembrane protein complex in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane that promotes insertion of newly synthesized proteins into the ER membrane.", "synonyms": "endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex ER membrane protein complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:emrab_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex", "label": "EmrAB-TolC multidrug efflux transport complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/emrab_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli MFS-family cell-envelope efflux pump complex composed of EmrA, EmrB, and TolC subunits that exports hydrophobic xenobiotics across the inner and outer membranes.", "synonyms": "EmrAB-TolC multidrug efflux transport system" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990207", "label": "EmrE multidrug transporter complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/emre_multidrug_transporter_complex.html", "definition": "A transmembrane protein complex capable of transporting positively charged hydrophobic drugs across the plasma membrane thereby involved in conferring resistance to a wide range of toxic compounds (e.g. methyl viologen, ethidium bromide and acriflavine). It is commonly found in bacteria. In E. coli it forms a homodimer.", "synonyms": "EmrE complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:emrky_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex", "label": "EmrKY-TolC multidrug efflux transport complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/emrky_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli MFS-family cell-envelope efflux pump complex composed of EmrK, EmrY, and TolC subunits that exports xenobiotics, including antimicrobial compounds, from the cell.", "synonyms": "EmrKY-TolC multidrug efflux transport system" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031205", "label": "endoplasmic reticulum Sec complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/endoplasmic_reticulum_sec_complex.html", "definition": "An endoplasmic reticulum membrane-associated complex involved in the translocation of proteins that are targeted to the ER. In yeast, this complex consists of two subcomplexes, namely, the Sec61 complex and the Sec62/Sec63 complex.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0008622", "label": "epsilon DNA polymerase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/epsilon_dna_polymerase_complex.html", "definition": "A heterotetrameric DNA polymerase complex that catalyzes processive DNA synthesis in the absence of PCNA, but is further stimulated in the presence of PCNA. The complex contains a large catalytic subunit and three small subunits, and is best characterized in Saccharomyces, in which the subunits are named Pol2p, Dpb2p, Dpb3p, and Dpb4p. Some evidence suggests that DNA polymerase epsilon is the leading strand polymerase; it is also involved in nucleotide-excision repair and mismatch repair.", "synonyms": "DNA polymerase epsilon complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032865", "label": "ERMES complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ermes_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that links the endoplasmic reticulum with mitochondria and may have a role in promoting exchange of calcium and phospholipids between the two organelles.", "synonyms": "ER-mitochondria encounter structure Mdm10/Mdm12/Mmm1 complex mitochore MMM1 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033565", "label": "ESCRT-0 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/escrt_0_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex required for the recycling of Golgi proteins, formation of lumenal membranes and sorting of ubiquitinated proteins into those membranes. This complex includes Vps1p and Hse1p in yeast and the Hrs and STAM proteins in mammals.", "synonyms": "Hrs/STAM complex Vps27p-Hse1p complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036452", "label": "ESCRT complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/escrt_complex.html", "definition": "An endosomal sorting complex involved in membrane fission processes related to sorting of multivesicular bodies (MVB) in the endocytic pathway, cytokinesis and viral budding among other processes.", "synonyms": "endosomal sorting complex required for transport" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000813", "label": "ESCRT I complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/escrt_i_complex.html", "definition": "An endosomal sorting complex required for transport. It consists of the class E vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) proteins and interacts with ubiquitinated cargoes.", "synonyms": "ESCRT-I complex endosomal sorting complex required for transport" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000814", "label": "ESCRT II complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/escrt_ii_complex.html", "definition": "An endosomal sorting complex required for transport and functions downstream of ESCRT I complex. It consists of the class E vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) proteins and is required for the membrane recruitment of ESCRT III complex and binds to ubiquitinated cargoes.", "synonyms": "ESCRT-II complex endosomal sorting complex required for transport" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000815", "label": "ESCRT III complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/escrt_iii_complex.html", "definition": "A complex with membrane scission activity that plays a major role in many processes where membranes are remodelled - including endosomal transport (vesicle budding), nuclear envelope organisation (membrane closure, mitotic bridge cleavage), and cytokinesis (abscission).", "synonyms": "ESCRT-III complex endosomal sorting complex required for transport" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990621", "label": "ESCRT IV complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/escrt_iv_complex.html", "definition": "An ESCRT complex that has AAA-ATPase activity and is involved in ESCRT-mediated intralumenal vesicle formation and the final stages of cytokinesis. The complex catalyzes disassembly of the ESCRT III filament around the neck of the budding vesicle in an ATP-driven reaction, resulting in membrane scission and recycling of the ESCRT III components back to the cytosol. In yeast, it is formed by the AAA ATPase Vps4 and its cofactor Vta1.", "synonyms": "ESCRT-IV Vps4-Vta1 complex Vps4 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000145", "label": "exocyst", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/exocyst.html", "definition": "A vesicle tethering complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals.", "synonyms": "exocyst complex Sec6/8 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009338", "label": "exodeoxyribonuclease V complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/exodeoxyribonuclease_v_complex.html", "definition": "Exodeoxyribonuclease V complex is a RecB-RecC-RecD enzyme complex that combines ATP-dependent DNA unwinding with exonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to produce 5'-phosphooligonucleotides.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034044", "label": "exomer complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/exomer_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that acts as a selective cargo adaptor mediating the selective transport of specific membrane proteins from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the plasma membrane.", "synonyms": "Chs5/6 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035101", "label": "FACT complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/fact_complex.html", "definition": "A histone chaperone complex that facilitates nucleosome disassembly and reassembly upon DNA or RNA polymerase passage.", "synonyms": "Facilitates chromatin transcription complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990202", "label": "FMN reductase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/fmn_reductase_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex capable of FMN reductase activity. Reduces FMN to FMNH2 in a NAD(P)H-dependent manner. In E.coli, consists of a SsuE dimer.", "synonyms": "FMN reductase complex, NAD(P)H-dependent SsuE complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005760", "label": "gamma DNA polymerase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/gamma_dna_polymerase_complex.html", "definition": "A DNA polymerase complex consisting of a large subunit, responsible for the catalytic activities, and a small accessory subunit. Functions in the replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000938", "label": "GARP complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/garp_complex.html", "definition": "A quatrefoil tethering complex required for retrograde traffic from the early endosome back to the late Golgi and biogenesis of cytoplasmic vesicles.", "synonyms": "Golgi associated retrograde protein complex VFT tethering complex Vps fifty three tethering complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990130", "label": "GATOR1 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/gator1_complex.html", "definition": "A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) complex that regulates TORC1 signaling by interacting with the Rag GTPase. In human, the GATOR1 complex consists of DEPDC5, NPRL2, and NPRL3. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is referred to as SEACIT and contains the Iml1p, Npr2p, and Npr3p proteins.", "synonyms": "IML1 complex SEACIT complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061700", "label": "GATOR2 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/gator2_complex.html", "definition": "A multiprotein subcomplex of the GATOR complex that regulates TORC1 signaling by interacting with the Rag GTPase. In human, this complex consists of WDR24, WDR59, MIOS, SEH1L, and SEC13. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is referred to as SEACAT and contains the Sea2p, Sea3p, Sea4p, Seh1p, Sec13p proteins.", "synonyms": "SEACAT complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097504", "label": "Gemini of Cajal bodies", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/gemini_of_cajal_bodies.html", "definition": "Nuclear bodies frequently found near or associated with Cajal bodies (also called coiled bodies or CBs). Gemini of coiled bodies, or 'gems', are similar in size and shape to CBs, and often indistinguishable under the microscope. Unlike CBs, gems do not contain small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs); they contain a protein called survivor of motor neurons (SMN) whose function relates to snRNP biogenesis. Gems are believed to assist CBs in snRNP biogenesis, and to play a role in the etiology of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).", "synonyms": "Gemini of coiled bodies Gems" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043529", "label": "GET complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/get_complex.html", "definition": "An endoplasmic reticulum protein-containing complex that is conserved in eukaryotes and mediates the insertion of tail-anchored proteins into the ER membrane.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000811", "label": "GINS complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/gins_complex.html", "definition": "A heterotetrameric protein complex that associates with replication origins, where it is required for the initiation of DNA replication, and with replication forks.", "synonyms": "Go, Ichi, Ni and San complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160055", "label": "glideosome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/glideosome.html", "definition": "A protein complex composed of at least GAP45 (gliding-associated protein), GAP50 and myosin heavy and light chains. Anchored via GAP50 to the inner membrane complex of motile and invasive forms of apicomplexan parasites and regulates parasite gliding motility and invasion of host cells.", "synonyms": "actin-myosin glideosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031026", "label": "glutamate synthase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/glutamate_synthase_complex.html", "definition": "A complex that possesses glutamate synthase activity. The iron-sulfur flavoprotein glutamine:2-oxoglutarate amidotransferase (GOGAT) enzyme complex that catalyzes the reductive transfer of the amide amino group from L-glutamine to 2-oxoglutarate to yield two molecules of L-glutamate. Operating alongside glutamine synthetase in the high-affinity GS-GOGAT ammonia assimilation pathway across bacteria, archaea, yeasts, and microalgae, the glutamate synthase complex couples an amidotransferase site with FMN and [3Fe-4S]/[4Fe-4S] clusters through an intramolecular ammonia tunnel.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0009342", "label": "glutamate synthase complex (NADPH)", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/glutamate_synthase_complex_nadph.html", "definition": "A NADPH-dependent glutamate synthase protein complex that possesses glutamate synthase (NADPH) activity.", "synonyms": "Glutamate synthase [NADPH] complex GOGAT complex Iron-sulfur flavoenzyme glutamate synthase complex Glutamine-oxoglutarate amino transferase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005960", "label": "glycine cleavage complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/glycine_cleavage_complex.html", "definition": "A glycine-cleavage multienzyme protein complex that reversibly oxidizes glycine through L-, P-, H-, and T-protein components.", "synonyms": "glycine cleavage system glycine decarboxylase complex glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) complex glycine synthase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030700", "label": "glycine reductase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/glycine_reductase_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that possesses glycine reductase activity and is usually built from selenoprotein A, selenoprotein B, and protein C subunits.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042765", "label": "GPI-anchor transamidase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/gpi_anchor_transamidase_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit membrane protein complex that attaches preassembled glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors to proteins.", "synonyms": "GPI transamidase complex GPIT complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990220", "label": "GroEL-GroES complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/groel_groes_complex.html", "definition": "Bacterial chaperonin complex consisting of a heptameric 10kDa chaperonin subunit GroES and a tetradecameric (2x7) 60kDa chaperonin subunit GroEL. The 60kDa subunit possesses ATPase activity while the holo-enzyme is responsible for the correct folding of proteins.", "synonyms": "bacterial chaperonin ATPase complex bacterial chaperonin complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990131", "label": "Gtr1-Gtr2 GTPase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/gtr1_gtr2_gtpase_complex.html", "definition": "A heterodimer GTPase complex. In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains Gtr1p and Gtr2p proteins.", "synonyms": "Gtr1p-Gtr2p complex Rag GTPase heterodimer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070823", "label": "HDA1 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/hda1_complex.html", "definition": "A tetrameric histone deacetylase complex that contains a Class II deacetylase catalytic subunit. In S. cerevisiae it is composed of two Hda1p subunits along with Hda2p and Hda3p.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990085", "label": "Hda-beta clamp complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/hda_beta_clamp_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex involved in inactivating the function of DnaA and thereby preventing multiple events of replication initiation. In E. coli, this complex is composed of the beta clamp (DnaN) and Hda.", "synonyms": "Hda-DnaN complex Hda-dpo3b complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000417", "label": "HIR complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/hir_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex proposed to be involved in replication-independent nucleosome assembly, by promoting histone deposition onto DNA. For example, in Saccharomyces, the complex contains Hir1p, Hir2p, Hir3p, and Hpc2p.", "synonyms": "HIRA complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:holdfast", "label": "holdfast", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/holdfast.html", "definition": "A polar extracellular adhesive matrix of Caulobacter vibrioides composed of secreted holdfast polysaccharide that is anchored at the old cell pole or stalk tip and enables irreversible surface attachment.", "synonyms": "Caulobacter holdfast holdfast adhesin" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030897", "label": "HOPS complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/hops_complex.html", "definition": "A multimeric protein complex that associates with the vacuolar membrane, late endosomal (multivesicular body) and lysosomal membranes. HOPS is a tethering complex involved in vesicle fusion.", "synonyms": "homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:hsp78_chaperone_complex", "label": "Hsp78 chaperone complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/hsp78_chaperone_complex.html", "definition": "An oligomeric mitochondrial matrix chaperone assembly built from Hsp78-type subunits and involved in ATP-dependent solubilization of aggregated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0001411", "label": "hyphal tip", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/hyphal_tip.html", "definition": "The end, or tip, of a fungal hypha, where polarized growth occurs during hyphal elongation. The dome-shaped, rapidly expanding apical region of a fungal or oomycete hypha where polarized exocytosis, cell wall biosynthesis, and cytoskeletal remodeling are concentrated. In filamentous fungi and dimorphic yeasts such as Candida albicans and Ashbya gossypii, the hyphal tip houses the Spitzenkörper and polarisome complex that nucleate actin cables and focus secretory vesicle fusion.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031562", "label": "hyphal tip polarisome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/hyphal_tip_polarisome.html", "definition": "Protein complex that has a role in determining cell polarity, found at the tip of a growing fungal hypha.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031942", "label": "i-AAA complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/i_aaa_complex.html", "definition": "Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane whose catalytic residues lie on the intermembrane space side of the inner membrane; involved in mitochondrial protein turnover. Contains a subunit belonging to the AAA family of ATP-dependent metalloproteases.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031011", "label": "Ino80 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ino80_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit protein complex that contains the Ino80p ATPase; exhibits chromatin remodeling activity.", "synonyms": "INO80 chromatin remodeling complex INO80-C Ino80.com" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016587", "label": "Isw1 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/isw1_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that contains an Isw1 subunit from the ISWI-family of ATPases and acts to modify chromatin structure. A family of yeast imitation-switch (ISWI) ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes built around the catalytic SNF2-family ATPase subunit Isw1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and related fungi. Existing primarily as the dimeric Isw1a complex (Isw1p–Ioc3p) at promoter-proximal regions and the trimeric Isw1b complex (Isw1p–Ioc2p–Ioc4p) over coding regions, the Isw1 complex slides nucleosomes to establish regular nucleosome spacing and suppress cryptic transcription.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036436", "label": "Isw1a complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/isw1a_complex.html", "definition": "An Isw1 complex that binds DNA and has nucleosome-stimulated ATPase activity. In S. cerevisiae, contains an Isw1p ATPase subunit in complex with Ioc3p.", "synonyms": "ISW1a" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036437", "label": "Isw1b complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/isw1b_complex.html", "definition": "An Isw1 complex that binds DNA and has nucleosome-stimulated ATPase activity. In S. cerevisiae, contains an Isw1p ATPase subunit in complex with Ioc2p and Ioc4p.", "synonyms": "ISW1b" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000776", "label": "kinetochore", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/kinetochore.html", "definition": "A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.", "synonyms": "condensed chromosome kinetochore condensed nuclear chromosome kinetochore" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043564", "label": "Ku70:Ku80 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ku70_ku80_complex.html", "definition": "Heterodimeric protein complex composed of a 70 kDa and a 80 kDa subunit, binds DNA through a channel formed by the heterodimer. Functions in DNA double stranded break repair, chromosome maintenance, transcription regulation, V(D)J recombination, and activation of DNA-PK.", "synonyms": "Ku70:Ku80 heterodimer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0062051", "label": "lipopolysaccharide transport system", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/lipopolysaccharide_transport_system.html", "definition": "A protein-containing complex that functions to transport lipopolysaccharide from its site of synthesis at the cytoplasmic membrane across the periplasm to the outer membrane in an ATP-dependent manner.", "synonyms": "Lpt machinery Lpt transenvelope complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:lolcde_lipoprotein_abc_transporter_complex", "label": "LolCDE lipoprotein ABC transporter complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/lolcde_lipoprotein_abc_transporter_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli inner-membrane ABC transporter complex composed of one LolC transmembrane subunit, two LolD ATP-binding subunits, and one LolE transmembrane subunit that uses LolD ATP hydrolysis to release outer membrane-specific lipoproteins from the inner membrane for periplasmic trafficking.", "synonyms": "LolCDE complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016606", "label": "LYSP100-associated nuclear domain", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/lysp100_associated_nuclear_domain.html", "definition": "A nuclear body that is enriched in the lymphoid cell-specific protein LYSp100B; LANDs are globular, electron-dense structures and are morphologically distinct from the annular structures characteristic of PML bodies.", "synonyms": "LANDs" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005745", "label": "m-AAA complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/m_aaa_complex.html", "definition": "Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that is involved in mitochondrial protein turnover and in processing of proteins imported into mitochondria.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990196", "label": "MacAB-TolC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/macab_tolc_complex.html", "definition": "The MacAB-TolC complex is a macrolide transporter complex found in E.coli and related gram-negative bacteria. Its transport activity is specific to macrolide compounds containing 14- and 15-membered lactones. It consists of the dimeric inner membrane ATPase MacB, the hexameric, periplasmic membrane fusion protein MacA and the trimeric outer membrane factor TolC.", "synonyms": "macrolide transporter MacAB-TolC complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043332", "label": "mating projection tip", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mating_projection_tip.html", "definition": "The apex of the mating projection in unicellular fungi exposed to mating pheromone; site of polarized growth.", "synonyms": "shmoo tip conjugation tube tip" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031563", "label": "mating projection tip polarisome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mating_projection_tip_polarisome.html", "definition": "Protein complex that has a role in determining cell polarity, found at the tip of the mating projection in unicellular fungi exposed to mating pheromone.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042555", "label": "MCM complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mcm_complex.html", "definition": "A hexameric protein complex required for the initiation and regulation of DNA replication.", "synonyms": "mini-chromosome maintenance complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mdtabc_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex", "label": "MdtABC-TolC multidrug efflux transport complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mdtabc_tolc_multidrug_efflux_transport_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli Resistance-Nodulation-Division-family cell-envelope efflux pump complex composed of MdtA, MdtB, MdtC, and TolC subunits that exports novobiocin, bile salts, quinolones, fosfomycin, detergents, myricetin, zinc, and other substrates from the cell.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990203", "label": "MdtBC Complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mdtbc_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex containing two transmembrane subunits; a MdtB dimer and one unit of MdtC. Capable of exporting substrates across the cell membrane. Involved in conferring antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative bacteria by transporting drugs across the membrane.", "synonyms": "multidrug efflux pump MdtBC" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:meiotic_telomere_bouquet", "label": "meiotic telomere bouquet", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/meiotic_telomere_bouquet.html", "definition": "A polarized nuclear chromosome assembly in which telomeric ends and their anchoring proteins cluster within a restricted region of the nuclear envelope during meiotic prophase. Characterized in fission and budding yeast, it organizes chromosome ends while chromosome arms extend into the nucleus; its duration and tethering machinery differ between species.", "synonyms": "telomere bouquet chromosomal bouquet" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030117", "label": "membrane coat", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/membrane_coat.html", "definition": "Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990197", "label": "methionine-importing ABC transporter complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/methionine_importing_abc_transporter_complex.html", "definition": "An ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex that is capable of methionine-importing activity. An example is the bacterial MetNIQ methionine transporter, that consists of the dimeric ATPase subunit MetN located at the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane and the dimeric transmembrane subunit MetI. MetQ is regarded as the periplasmic methionine-binding chaperon subunit, and is capable of transporting methionine from the periplasm into the cytoplasm in an ATP-dependent manner.", "synonyms": "ATP-binding cassette (ABC) methionine importer complex ATP-dependent methionine importer complex ATP-dependent methionine importing complex ATP-dependent methionine-importing complex MetNI complex MetNIQ complex MetNIQ transport complex MetNI transport complex MetNI transporter complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0098561", "label": "methyl accepting chemotaxis protein complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/methyl_accepting_chemotaxis_protein_complex.html", "definition": "The chemoreceptor array: a hexagonal lattice of trimers-of-dimers of methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, held at the membrane by the CheA kinase and the CheW coupling protein. The array is the cell's sensory organ, and its geometry — a 12 nm hexagonal spacing conserved across bacteria and archaea — is what gives chemotaxis its cooperativity and gain.", "synonyms": "chemoreceptor array chemosensory array" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140275", "label": "MIB complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mib_complex.html", "definition": "A mitochondrial intermembrane-space-spanning assembly that couples inner-membrane MICOS to outer-membrane SAM and includes a conserved DNAJC11-related protein and metaxin 1.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging complex mitofilin complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mic10_subcomplex", "label": "MIC10 subcomplex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mic10_subcomplex.html", "definition": "A mitochondrial inner-membrane MICOS subcomplex containing Mic10, Mic12, Mic26 and Mic27, organized around Mic10 oligomers and involved in crista architecture.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mic60_mic19_complex", "label": "Mic60-Mic19 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mic60_mic19_complex.html", "definition": "A heteromeric MICOS subcomplex composed of Mic60 and Mic19 that couples protein assembly to mitochondrial inner-membrane remodeling and crista-junction organization.", "synonyms": "Mic19-Mic60 subcomplex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0061617", "label": "MICOS complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/micos_complex.html", "definition": "Mitochondrial inner membrane complex involved in maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane.", "synonyms": "Fcj1 complex MINOS complex mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system MitOS complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140595", "label": "MIM complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mim_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex located in the mitochondrial outer membrane that functions as an insertase, mediating the insertion of alpha-helical proteins from the cytosol into the outer membrane. Client proteins are usually single- and multi-span proteins that include components of the TOM complex.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial outer import machinery" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000444", "label": "MIS12/MIND type complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mis12_mind_type_complex.html", "definition": "A multiprotein kinetochore subcomplex that binds to centromeric chromatin and forms part of the outer kinetochore. It helps to recruit outer kinetochore subunits that will bind to microtubules. In humans, it consists of MIS12, DSN1, NSL1 and PMF1.", "synonyms": "MIND complex Mis12 complex Mtw1p Including Nnf1p-Nsl1p-Dsn1p complex nuclear MIS12/MIND complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042720", "label": "mitochondrial inner membrane peptidase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mitochondrial_inner_membrane_peptidase_complex.html", "definition": "Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane, consisting of at least two subunits, involved in processing of both nuclear- and mitochondrially-encoded proteins targeted to the intermembrane space.", "synonyms": "mitochondrion inner membrane peptidase complex IMP" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitochondrial_lon_protease_complex", "label": "mitochondrial Lon protease complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mitochondrial_lon_protease_complex.html", "definition": "An oligomeric mitochondrial matrix protease assembly built from Lon-family subunits that combine AAA+ ATPase and serine-protease domains to process protein substrates.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mitochondrial_multifunctional_assembly", "label": "mitochondrial multifunctional assembly", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mitochondrial_multifunctional_assembly.html", "definition": "A biochemically isolatable protein-lipid assembly of the mitochondrial inner membrane characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. MIMAS brings together metabolite carriers, dehydrogenases, respiratory-chain biogenesis factors and phospholipid enzymes, with stability dependent on phosphatidylethanolamine production.", "synonyms": "MIMAS" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005742", "label": "mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mitochondrial_outer_membrane_translocase_complex.html", "definition": "A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates transport of proteins into all mitochondrial compartments.", "synonyms": "GIP complex mitochondrion outer membrane translocase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035632", "label": "mitochondrial prohibitin complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mitochondrial_prohibitin_complex.html", "definition": "Inner-mitochondrial-membrane macromolecular complex composed of repeating prohibitin 1 and prohibitin 2 heterodimeric subunits.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial inner membrane prohibitin complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030678", "label": "mitochondrial ribonuclease P complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mitochondrial_ribonuclease_p_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease P complex located in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell, where it catalyzes the 5' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. The subunit composition of mitochondrial ribonuclease P complexes varies between species. The complex contains a single RNA molecule and a single protein molecule in yeast (PMID:12045094), but comprises three proteins and lacks an RNA component in humans.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial RNase P complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:mlafedb_lipid_transport_complex", "label": "MlaFEDB lipid transport complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mlafedb_lipid_transport_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli inner-membrane ABC transporter complex composed of MlaE, MlaF, MlaD, and MlaB subunits that participates in phospholipid transport during maintenance of outer-membrane lipid asymmetry.", "synonyms": "MlaFEDB complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990198", "label": "ModE complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mode_complex.html", "definition": "A dimeric protein complex containing two ModE subunits. Binds directly to DNA to regulate transcription, and is involved in (positively and negatively) regulating various aspects of molybdenum metabolism.", "synonyms": "ModE dimer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033551", "label": "monopolin complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/monopolin_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex required for clamping microtubule binding sites, ensuring orientation of sister kinetochores to the same pole (mono-orientation) during meiosis I.", "synonyms": "monopolin subcomplex Csm1/Lrs4 Pcs1/Mde4 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034457", "label": "Mpp10 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mpp10_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Mpp10p, Imp3p and Imp4p.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030870", "label": "Mre11 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mre11_complex.html", "definition": "Trimeric protein complex that possesses endonuclease activity; involved in meiotic recombination, DNA repair and checkpoint signaling. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complex comprises Mre11p, Rad50p, and Xrs2p; complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins orthologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins.", "synonyms": "MRN complex MRX complex Rad50 complex RAD50-MRE11-NBN complex Rad50-Rad32-Nbs1 complex RMX complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031533", "label": "mRNA capping enzyme complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mrna_capping_enzyme_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that consists of an RNA 5' triphosphatase and a guanyl transferase (Cet1p and Ceg1p in S. cerevisiae; Pct1 and Ceg1 in S. pombe) and is involved in mRNA capping.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990199", "label": "MsbA transporter complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/msba_transporter_complex.html", "definition": "An ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex made up of a dimer of MsbA. Facilitates the export across the plasma membrane of, amongst others, lipid A and lipopolysaccharide. In contrast to most ABC transporter complexes, each chain of the homodimer contains both the transmembrane domain (TMD) and the cytoplasmic ATP-binding domain (NBD).", "synonyms": "MsbA complex MsbA dimer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036410", "label": "Mst2 histone acetyltransferase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/mst2_histone_acetyltransferase_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that can catalyze the acetylation of lysine at position 14 in histone H3, and contains Mst2 as the catalytic subunit. In fission yeast, contains at least Mst2, Nto1, Ptf2, Ptf1 and Eaf6.", "synonyms": "Mst2 complex Mst2 H3K14 acetyltransferase complex Mst2 histone H3K14 acetyltransferase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990710", "label": "MutS complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/muts_complex.html", "definition": "A homodimeric mismatch repair complex involved in binding to and correcting insertion/deletion mutations.", "synonyms": "MutS mismatch repair complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031415", "label": "NatA complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nata_complex.html", "definition": "A conserved complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to an N-terminal Ser, Ala, Gly, or Thr residue of a protein acceptor molecule. In Saccharomyces the complex includes Nat1p and Ard1p, and may contain additional proteins.", "synonyms": "N-terminal acetyltransferase A complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031416", "label": "NatB complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/natb_complex.html", "definition": "A conserved complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to the N-terminal residue of a protein acceptor molecule that has a Met-Glu, Met-Asp, Met-Asn, or Met-Met N-terminus. In Saccharomyces the complex includes Nat3p and Mdm20p.", "synonyms": "N-terminal acetyltransferase B complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031417", "label": "NatC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/natc_complex.html", "definition": "A conserved complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to the N-terminal residue of a protein acceptor molecule that has a Met-Ile, Met-Leu, Met-Trp, or Met-Phe N-terminus. In Saccharomyces the complex includes Mak3p, Mak10p, and Mak31p.", "synonyms": "N-terminal acetyltransferase C complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031262", "label": "Ndc80 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ndc80_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex conserved among eukaryotes that forms part of the kinetochore and plays an essential role in forming stable kinetochore-microtubule attachments. The complex contains proteins known in several species, including budding and fission yeasts, as Ndc80p, Nuf2p, Spc24p, and Spc25p. In vertebrates it is part of the outer plate of the kinetochore.", "synonyms": "Nuf2-Ndc80 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030690", "label": "Noc1p-Noc2p complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/noc1p_noc2p_complex.html", "definition": "A heterodimer associated with 90S and 66S preribosomes. Predominantly, but not exclusively, nucleolar; involved in ribosomal large subunit biogenesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030691", "label": "Noc2p-Noc3p complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/noc2p_noc3p_complex.html", "definition": "A heterodimer associated with 66S preribosomes; predominantly nucleoplasmic, but also locates to the nucleolus; involved in ribosomal large subunit biogenesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030692", "label": "Noc4p-Nop14p complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/noc4p_nop14p_complex.html", "definition": "A heterodimer associated with precursors of the eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit, including the 90S preribosome; involved in small subunit biogenesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030689", "label": "Noc complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/noc_complex.html", "definition": "Any of several heterodimers containing one or two Noc proteins, associated with preribosomal complexes; involved in ribosome biogenesis. A family of nucleolar and nucleoplasmic heterodimeric ribosome-biogenesis factor complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other eukaryotes composed of Noc (nucleolar complex-associated) proteins, specifically the Noc1p–Noc2p complex and the Noc2p–Noc3p complex. Noc complexes associate with nascent 90S and pre-60S ribosomal particles to coordinate rRNA folding and processing with the intranuclear transport of pre-60S subunits from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033100", "label": "NuA3 histone acetyltransferase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nua3_histone_acetyltransferase_complex.html", "definition": "A Gcn5-independent multisubunit complex that catalyzes the acetylation of histone H3. The budding yeast complex includes Sas3p, Taf30p, and Yng1p. The yeast Nucleosomal Acetyltransferase of histone H3 (NuA3) multiprotein complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and related fungi that specifically acetylates lysine 14 (and lysine 23) of nucleosomal histone H3 to facilitate RNA polymerase II transcription elongation and DNA replication. The core NuA3 complex comprises the MYST-family catalytic subunit Sas3p, the H3K4me3-binding PHD-finger scaffold Yng1p, the H3K36me3-reading PWWP subunit Pdp3p, Nto1p, Eaf6p, and Taf14p.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990467", "label": "NuA3a histone acetyltransferase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nua3a_histone_acetyltransferase_complex.html", "definition": "A NuA3 complex that catalyzes the acetylation of Histone H3. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Eaf6p, Nto1p, Sas3p, Taf14p, Yng1p and associates with H3K4me3 using Yng1p.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990468", "label": "NuA3b histone acetyltransferase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nua3b_histone_acetyltransferase_complex.html", "definition": "A NuA3 complex that catalyzes the acetylation of Histone H3. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Eaf6p, Nto1p, Sas3p, Taf14p, Pdp3 and associates with H3K4me3 via Pdp3p.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035267", "label": "NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nua4_histone_acetyltransferase_complex.html", "definition": "A complex having histone acetylase activity on chromatin, as well as ATPase, DNA helicase and structural DNA binding activities. The complex is thought to be involved in double-strand DNA break repair. Subunits of the human complex include HTATIP/TIP60, TRRAP, RUVBL1, BUVBL2, beta-actin and BAF53/ACTL6A. In yeast, the complex has 13 subunits, including the catalytic subunit Esa1 (homologous to human Tip60).", "synonyms": "TIP60 histone acetylase complex TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000228", "label": "nuclear chromosome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_chromosome.html", "definition": "A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact.", "synonyms": "nuclear interphase chromosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043599", "label": "nuclear DNA replication factor C complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_dna_replication_factor_c_complex.html", "definition": "A nuclear complex of five polypeptides that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase delta or epsilon. In Saccharomyces and several other species, the subunits are known as Rfc1p-Rfc5p, although subunit names do not necessarily correspond between different species.", "synonyms": "nuclear RFC complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990251", "label": "nuclear exosome focus", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_exosome_focus.html", "definition": "An nuclear body involved in nuclear mRNA surveilllance. Contains at least Mmi1, or an ortholog of it, and the nuclear exosome.", "synonyms": "Mmi1 nuclear focus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005664", "label": "nuclear origin of replication recognition complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_origin_of_replication_recognition_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome in the nucleus.", "synonyms": "eukaryotic ORC nuclear ORC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005643", "label": "nuclear pore", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_pore.html", "definition": "A membrane-embedded eukaryotic protein complex that forms a discrete pore in the nuclear envelope where the inner and outer nuclear membranes join and mediates exchange between the nucleus and cytoplasm.", "synonyms": "nuclear pore complex NPC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044613", "label": "nuclear pore central transport channel", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_pore_central_transport_channel.html", "definition": "A central eukaryotic nuclear pore substructure composed of FG-repeat channel nucleoporins that forms the selective transport path for RNAs, proteins, and small molecules.", "synonyms": "central channel" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044614", "label": "nuclear pore cytoplasmic filaments", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_pore_cytoplasmic_filaments.html", "definition": "Filamentous extensions on the cytoplasmic face of the eukaryotic nuclear pore complex.", "synonyms": "cytoplasmic fibers of the NPC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044611", "label": "nuclear pore inner ring", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_pore_inner_ring.html", "definition": "A ring-shaped eukaryotic nuclear pore subcomplex built from inner-ring scaffold nucleoporins around the central transport channel.", "synonyms": "inner ring complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044612", "label": "nuclear pore linkers", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_pore_linkers.html", "definition": "A eukaryotic nuclear pore substructure made of linker nucleoporins that connect central transport-channel FG nucleoporins with core nuclear-pore scaffold modules.", "synonyms": "linker Nups" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044615", "label": "nuclear pore nuclear basket", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_pore_nuclear_basket.html", "definition": "A filamentous, cage-like assembly on the nuclear face of the nuclear pore complex.", "synonyms": "nuclear basket" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031080", "label": "nuclear pore outer ring", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_pore_outer_ring.html", "definition": "A ring-shaped eukaryotic nuclear pore subcomplex built from outer-ring coat nucleoporins on the cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic faces of the nuclear pore scaffold.", "synonyms": "Nup84 complex Nup107-160 complex Y complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043596", "label": "nuclear replication fork", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_replication_fork.html", "definition": "The Y-shaped region of a nuclear replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and other microbial eukaryotes, the nuclear replication fork couples CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) helicase unwinding of chromosomal DNA with leading-strand synthesis by DNA polymerase epsilon, lagging-strand synthesis by DNA polymerase alpha-primase and delta, PCNA clamp loading, and nucleosome reassembly.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043601", "label": "nuclear replisome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nuclear_replisome.html", "definition": "A multi-component enzymatic machine at the nuclear replication fork, which mediates DNA replication. Includes DNA primase, one or more DNA polymerases, DNA helicases, and other proteins. The complete multiprotein DNA replication machinery assembled at eukaryotic nuclear replication forks in yeasts, fungi, and protists. Centered on the replicative CMG helicase (Cdc45–Mcm2-7–GINS), the nuclear replisome integrates leading-strand DNA polymerase epsilon, lagging-strand DNA polymerase alpha-primase and delta tethered via Ctf4, the PCNA sliding clamp and RFC clamp loader, RPA, and the fork protection complex (Mrc1–Tof1–Csm3) to coordinate high-fidelity chromosome duplication.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030874", "label": "nucleolar chromatin", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nucleolar_chromatin.html", "definition": "The portion of nuclear chromatin associated with the nucleolus; includes the DNA encoding the ribosomal RNA. The specialized chromosomal chromatin domain located within the nucleolus of yeasts, filamentous fungi, and protists, encompassing the tandemly repeated ribosomal DNA (rDNA) array (such as the ~150 rDNA repeats on chromosome XII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Nucleolar chromatin alternates between open, Hmo1-bound, nucleosome-depleted repeats actively transcribed by RNA polymerase I and silent, nucleosome-packed repeats maintained by the RENT (Net1–Cdc14–Sir2) histone deacetylase complex to suppress illegitimate rDNA recombination.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005730", "label": "nucleolus", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nucleolus.html", "definition": "A dense, non-membrane-bounded body in the eukaryotic nuclear lumen that concentrates ribosomal DNA transcription, pre-rRNA processing, and early ribosomal subunit assembly.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000786", "label": "nucleosome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nucleosome.html", "definition": "A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures. The fundamental repeating nucleoprotein packaging unit of eukaryotic chromatin in yeasts, filamentous fungi, microalgae, and protists, consisting of ~147 base pairs of chromosomal DNA wrapped in 1.65 left-handed superhelical turns around a histone octamer composed of a central (H3–H4)2 tetramer flanked by two H2A–H2B dimers. Nucleosome positioning and post-translational histone modifications govern DNA accessibility for transcription, replication, and repair.", "synonyms": "cytoplasmic nucleosome nuclear nucleosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000110", "label": "nucleotide-excision repair factor 1 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nucleotide_excision_repair_factor_1_complex.html", "definition": "One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses DNA damage recognition and endodeoxynuclease activities. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad1p, Rad10p, and Rad14p; in human the subunits are ERCC4/XPF, ERCC1 and XPA, respectively.", "synonyms": "NEF1 complex XPA-ERCC1-ERCC4 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000111", "label": "nucleotide-excision repair factor 2 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nucleotide_excision_repair_factor_2_complex.html", "definition": "One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses damaged DNA binding activity. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad4p and Rad23p.", "synonyms": "NEF2 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000112", "label": "nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nucleotide_excision_repair_factor_3_complex.html", "definition": "One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses endodeoxynuclease and DNA helicase activities. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad2p and the core TFIIH-Ssl2p complex (core TFIIH is composed of Rad3p, Tfb1p, Tfb2p, Ssl1p, Tfb4p and Tfb5p. Note that Ssl2p is also called Rad25p).", "synonyms": "NEF3 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000113", "label": "nucleotide-excision repair factor 4 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nucleotide_excision_repair_factor_4_complex.html", "definition": "One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses DNA damage recognition and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad7p and Rad16p.", "synonyms": "NEF4 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016581", "label": "NuRD complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/nurd_complex.html", "definition": "An approximately 2 MDa multi-subunit complex that exhibits ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling activity in addition to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and has been shown to establish transcriptional repression of a number of target genes in vertebrates, invertebrates and fungi. Amongst its subunits, the NuRD complex contains histone deacetylases, histone binding proteins and Mi-2-like proteins. The Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase (NuRD) family of multiprotein chromatin silencing complexes (exemplified in microbial eukaryotes by the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe SHREC complex) that couples class II histone deacetylase activity (Clr3) with CHD/Mi-2-family ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling (Mit1). Together with scaffold subunits Clr1, Clr2, and the AAA+ ATPase chaperone Cdc20/Ccq1, NuRD/SHREC deacetylates H3K14ac and positions nucleosomes to compact heterochromatin.", "synonyms": "NRD complex nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation complex Mi-2 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031912", "label": "oral apparatus", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/oral_apparatus.html", "definition": "Complex basket- or funnel-like structure used by the cell to collect food and channel it to the cytostome; includes specialized sub-structures made up of closely-spaced cilia and underlying basal bodies and fibrillar systems.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000808", "label": "origin recognition complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/origin_recognition_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome. The conserved hexameric AAA+ ATPase protein complex (Orc1–Orc6) that binds specifically to chromosomal replication origins (such as autonomously replicating sequences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae or AT-rich origin tracts in Schizosaccharomyces pombe) throughout the cell cycle. In G1 phase, the origin recognition complex recruits Cdc6 and Cdt1 to load head-to-head double hexamers of the Mcm2–7 replicative helicase onto DNA.", "synonyms": "ORC origin of replication recognition complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000940", "label": "outer kinetochore", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/outer_kinetochore.html", "definition": "The region of a kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA; this outer region mediates kinetochore-microtubule interactions.", "synonyms": "condensed chromosome outer kinetochore condensed nuclear chromosome outer kinetochore outer kinetochore of condensed chromosome outer kinetochore of condensed nuclear chromosome outer kinetochore plate" }, { "identifier": "GO:0001405", "label": "PAM complex, Tim23 associated import motor", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/pam_complex_tim23_associated_import_motor.html", "definition": "A mitochondrial matrix-side protein complex associated with the TIM23 inner-membrane translocase that uses ATPase motor activity to drive protein import into the mitochondrial matrix.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial import motor PAM complex pre-sequence translocase-associated import motor presequence translocase-associated import motor" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031251", "label": "PAN complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/pan_complex.html", "definition": "A complex that possesses poly(A)-specific ribonuclease activity; catalyzes the message-specific shortening of mRNA poly(A) tails. Contains at least two subunits, known as Pan2p and Pan3p in Saccharomyces.", "synonyms": "poly(A) nuclease complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:phage_nucleus", "label": "phage nucleus", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "PROTEIN_SHELLED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/phage_nucleus.html", "definition": "A jumbo-bacteriophage protein-shelled compartment that assembles in infected bacterial cells, surrounds replicating phage DNA, and spatially separates phage genome replication and transcription from bacterial translation.", "synonyms": "phage nuclear shell jumbo bacteriophage nuclear shell nucleus-like compartment" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000407", "label": "phagophore assembly site", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/phagophore_assembly_site.html", "definition": "Punctate structures proximal to the endoplasmic reticulum which are the sites where the Atg machinery assembles upon autophagy induction.", "synonyms": "PAS pre-autophagosomal structure" }, { "identifier": "GO:0062077", "label": "phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/phenylacetyl_coa_1_2_epoxidase_complex.html", "definition": "A PaaA/PaaB/PaaC/PaaE multicomponent monooxygenase complex that catalyzes the NADPH- and oxygen-dependent epoxidation of phenylacetyl-CoA to 2-(1,2-epoxy-1,2-dihydrophenyl)acetyl-CoA.", "synonyms": "paaABCE complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032777", "label": "piccolo histone acetyltransferase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/piccolo_histone_acetyltransferase_complex.html", "definition": "A heterotrimeric H4/H2A histone acetyltransferase complex with a substrate preference of chromatin over free histones. It contains a subset of the proteins found in the larger NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex; for example, the S. cerevisiae complex contains Esa1p, Yng2p, and Epl1p.", "synonyms": "Piccolo NuA4 complex picNuA4 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016605", "label": "PML body", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/pml_body.html", "definition": "A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection.", "synonyms": "ND10 PML NB PML nuclear body nuclear dot" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000133", "label": "polarisome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/polarisome.html", "definition": "A fungal cell-polarity protein complex that localizes to sites of polarized growth and directs localized actin-filament assembly, including the Saccharomyces Bni1/Spa2/Pea2/Bud6 polarisome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:popz_polar_microdomain", "label": "PopZ polar microdomain", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/popz_polar_microdomain.html", "definition": "A proteinaceous bacterial polar microdomain formed by PopZ polymers at Caulobacter cell poles that anchors the ParB-bound chromosomal origin and organizes pole-specific client proteins.", "synonyms": "Caulobacter PopZ polar subdomain" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:potabcd_spermidine_abc_transporter_complex", "label": "PotABCD spermidine ABC transporter complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/potabcd_spermidine_abc_transporter_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli PotABCD ATP-binding cassette importer composed of two PotA ATP-binding subunits, one PotB permease, one PotC permease, and one PotD periplasmic substrate-binding protein that imports spermidine and can also import putrescine.", "synonyms": "Spermidine ABC transporter complex Spermidine-preferential ABC transporter complex potABCD complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990099", "label": "pre-primosome complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/pre_primosome_complex.html", "definition": "Any of the protein-DNA complexes that contain a DNA helicase and associated protein(s) at the origin of replication, and build up to assembling the core primosome. The associated protein(s) chaperone the helicase to the DNA, and assembly of the pre-primosome is essential for the initiation or restart of replication. Pre-primosome complexes lack a primase component.", "synonyms": "pre-priming complex pre-primosome preprimosome preprimosome complex prereplication complex pre-replication complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0036387", "label": "pre-replicative complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/pre_replicative_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-DNA complex that forms at the origin of replication during the initial step of DNA replication and allows the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication. A multiprotein-DNA nucleoprotein assembly formed at chromosomal replication origins prior to S-phase initiation in eukaryotes, archaea, or bacteria that licenses the origin for bidirectional DNA synthesis. In eukaryotes (ORC–Cdc6–Cdt1–Mcm2-7) and bacteria (ATP-DnaA filaments recruiting DnaC-bound DnaB helicase hexamers onto oriC), the pre-replicative complex unwinds or poises origin DNA for replicative helicase activation.", "synonyms": "pre-RC pre-replication complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0022624", "label": "proteasome accessory complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/proteasome_accessory_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex, that caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex and regulates entry into, or exit from, the proteasome core complex.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000502", "label": "proteasome complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/proteasome_complex.html", "definition": "A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core.", "synonyms": "proteasome 26S proteasome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005839", "label": "proteasome core complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/proteasome_core_complex.html", "definition": "A barrel-shaped self-compartmentalized protease core of proteasomes, built from stacked alpha- and beta-subunit rings that sequester threonine protease active sites in an internal chamber for protein degradation.", "synonyms": "20S proteasome 20S proteasome core particle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005838", "label": "proteasome regulatory particle", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/proteasome_regulatory_particle.html", "definition": "A multisubunit complex, which caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex. This complex recognizes and unfolds ubiquitinated proteins, and translocates them to the proteasome core complex. Composed of the proximal 19S base subcomplex (Rpt1-Rpt6 AAA+ ATPase ring and Rpn1/Rpn2/Rpn10/Rpn13 ubiquitin-binding scaffolds) and the distal 19S lid subcomplex (Rpn11-Rpn8 deubiquitinase module and PCI-domain scaffold subunits).", "synonyms": "PA700-dependent proteasome activator 19S regulatory particle PA700 proteasome activator modulator complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0008540", "label": "proteasome regulatory particle, base subcomplex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/proteasome_regulatory_particle_base_subcomplex.html", "definition": "The subcomplex of the proteasome regulatory particle that directly associates with the proteasome core complex. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other microbial eukaryotes, the 19S base subcomplex consists of the heterohexameric AAA+ ATPase motor ring (Rpt1-Rpt6) together with the large scaffolding subunits Rpn1 and Rpn2 and the ubiquitin receptors Rpn10 and Rpn13, which capture ubiquitinated substrates, mechanically unfold them, and open the alpha-ring gate of the 20S core particle.", "synonyms": "19S proteasome base subcomplex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0008541", "label": "proteasome regulatory particle, lid subcomplex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/proteasome_regulatory_particle_lid_subcomplex.html", "definition": "The subcomplex of the proteasome regulatory particle that forms the peripheral lid, which is added on top of the base subcomplex. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other microbial eukaryotes, the nine-subunit 19S lid subcomplex comprises the PCI-domain scaffolds Rpn3, Rpn5, Rpn6, Rpn7, Rpn9, and Rpn12, the MPN-domain heterodimer Rpn8-Rpn11, and Sem1, positioning the Zn2+-dependent deubiquitinase Rpn11 directly above the Rpt ATPase pore to cleave ubiquitin chains en bloc during translocation.", "synonyms": "19S proteasome lid subcomplex" }, { "identifier": "GO:7770085", "label": "protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/protocatechuate_3_4_dioxygenase_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex which is capable of protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase activity. It consists of an alpha subunit (PcaG) and a beta subunit (PcaH), with the non-heme iron active site formed at the alpha-beta interface.", "synonyms": "PcaGH complex PcaHG complex protocatechuate 3,4-oxygenase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034388", "label": "Pwp2p-containing subcomplex of 90S preribosome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/pwp2p_containing_subcomplex_of_90s_preribosome.html", "definition": "A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome and can interact directly with the 5' External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) of the full length pre-rRNA transcript. In S. cerevisiae, it sediments at 25-30 S and is composed of Pwp2p, Dip2p, Utp21p, Utp13p, Utp18p, and Utp6p.", "synonyms": "25-30 S subcomplex of 90S preribosome UTP-B complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990732", "label": "pyrenoid", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/pyrenoid.html", "definition": "A non-membrane-bounded organelle found within the chloroplasts of algae and hornworts; responsible for carbon dioxide fixation.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:quiescent_telomere_hypercluster", "label": "quiescent telomere hypercluster", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/quiescent_telomere_hypercluster.html", "definition": "A nuclear assembly in which multiple chromosome ends and associated subtelomeric chromatin coalesce into fewer enlarged foci during quiescence, characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Nuclear position and assembly requirements depend on species, strain and starvation conditions.", "synonyms": "telomere hypercluster telomeric hypercluster" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031389", "label": "Rad17 RFC-like complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/rad17_rfc_like_complex.html", "definition": "A pentameric protein complex related to replication factor C that loads the checkpoint clamp onto DNA at damage sites and functions in DNA damage cell-cycle checkpoints; the large subunit is Rad17 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Rad24p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.", "synonyms": "Rad17-RFC Rad17-RLC Rad24p RFC-like complex RFC (Rad17)" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071986", "label": "Ragulator complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ragulator_complex.html", "definition": "A vacuolar membrane-anchored guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) complex for the Rag GTPases (Gtr1-Gtr2 GTPase complex GO:1990131) in TORC1 signaling pathway. In human, Ragulator is comprised of the membrane anchor subunit LAMTOR1 (Meh1p in S. cerevisiae, Lam1 in S. pombe), a GEF subunit LAMTOR2 ( Slm4 in S. cerevisiae , Lam2 in S. pombe ) , LAMTOR3 (no S. cerevisiae ortholog identified, Lam3 in S. pombe) , LAMTOR4 (no S. cerevisiae ortholog identified, Lam4 in S. pombe), and LAMTOR5 (no S. cerevisiae or S. pombe ortholog identified).", "synonyms": "Rag GEF MAPKSP1/ROBLD3/C11orf59 complex EGO complex EGO-GSE complex GSE complex GTPase-containing complex for Gap1p sorting in the endosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043291", "label": "RAVE complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/rave_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit complex that in Saccharomyces is composed of three subunits, Rav1p, Rav2p and Skp1p. Acts transiently to catalyze assembly of cytoplasmic V1 with membrane embedded V0 to form the V-ATPase holoenzyme.", "synonyms": "regulator of the (H+)-ATPase of the vacuolar and endosomal membranes" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030875", "label": "rDNA protrusion", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/rdna_protrusion.html", "definition": "Any of the tandem arrays of rDNA localized at the periphery of the nucleus and protruding into the nucleolus, and associated proteins. May be visible as a single or double spot by DAPI staining. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the rDNA protrusion comprises the tandemly repeated 35S/37S ribosomal DNA array on chromosome XII or III extending from the nuclear chromatin mass into the crescent-shaped nucleolus, bound by Fob1, Sir2/RENT, Net1, Hmo1, and RNA polymerase I.", "synonyms": "nucleolar rDNA loop" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005657", "label": "replication fork", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "NUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/replication_fork.html", "definition": "The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes. The Y-shaped nucleoprotein junction on a replicating chromosome where parental double-stranded DNA is unwound by the replicative DNA helicase into leading and lagging single-stranded templates and copied by the replisome in bacteria, archaea, and microbial eukaryotes. When stalled by DNA lesions or dNTP depletion, the replication fork recruits RPA, the 9-1-1 (Ddc1–Mec3–Rad17) checkpoint clamp, and Mec1/ATR kinases to stabilize the fork and prevent replication catastrophe.", "synonyms": "replication focus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030894", "label": "replisome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/replisome.html", "definition": "A multi-component enzymatic machine at the replication fork which mediates DNA replication. Includes DNA primase, one or more DNA polymerases, DNA helicases, and other proteins. Across Bacteria, Archaea, and microbial eukaryotes, the replisome couples replicative DNA helicase unwinding (DnaB, MCM, or CMG) with RNA primer synthesis, clamp-loader-mediated sliding clamp assembly (beta clamp or PCNA), and high-processivity leading- and lagging-strand DNA polymerases.", "synonyms": "DNA replisome complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030906", "label": "retromer, cargo-selective complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/retromer_cargo_selective_complex.html", "definition": "The trimeric subcomplex of the retromer, believed to be closely associated with the membrane. This trimeric complex is responsible for recognizing and binding to cargo molecules. The complex comprises three Vps proteins in both yeast and mammalian cells: Vps35p, Vps29p, and Vps26p in yeast, and VPS35, VPS29 and VPS26A or VPS26B in mammals.", "synonyms": "cargo-selective retromer subcomplex retromer CSC retromer complex, inner shell retromer, CRC retromer, cargo recognition complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030904", "label": "retromer complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/retromer_complex.html", "definition": "A conserved hetero-pentameric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. The budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p. The mammalian complex shows slight variation in composition compared to yeast, and comprises SNX1 or SNX2, SNX5 or SNX6, VPS26A or VPS26B, VPS29, and VPS35.", "synonyms": "retromer yeast retromer complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030905", "label": "retromer, tubulation complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/retromer_tubulation_complex.html", "definition": "The dimeric subcomplex of the retromer, believed to be peripherally associated with the membrane. This dimeric complex is responsible for remodeling endosomal membranes to form a tube-structure to which cargo molecules are selected for recycling. The budding yeast complex comprises Vps5p and Vps17p, and may contain multiple copies of a Vps5p/Vps17p dimer. The mammalian complex contains SNX1 or SNX2 dimerized with SNX5 or SNX6.", "synonyms": "SNX-BAR dimer heterodimeric membrane-deforming retromer subcomplex retromer complex, outer shell" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032299", "label": "ribonuclease H2 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ribonuclease_h2_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that possesses ribonuclease H activity, in which the catalytic subunit is a member of the RNase H2 (or HII) class. For example, in Saccharomyces the complex contains Rnh201p, Rnh202p and Rnh203p.", "synonyms": "RNase H2 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1903095", "label": "ribonuclease III complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ribonuclease_iii_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex which is capable of ribonuclease III activity.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0048492", "label": "ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ribulose_bisphosphate_carboxylase_complex.html", "definition": "A complex containing either both large and small subunits or just small subunits which carries out the activity of producing 3-phosphoglycerate from carbon dioxide and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. The multi-subunit ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) enzyme complex that catalyzes the primary carbon-fixation step of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle by carboxylating ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate with CO2 to yield two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. In cyanobacteria, purple bacteria, chemoautotrophic bacteria, and microalgae, Form I RuBisCO assembles as a hexadecameric L8S8 complex (eight catalytic RbcL/CbbL large subunits and eight RbcS/CbbS small subunits) often concentrated within bacterial carboxysomes or algal pyrenoids.", "synonyms": "RubisCO complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005736", "label": "RNA polymerase I complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/rna_polymerase_i_complex.html", "definition": "RNA polymerase I, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces rRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase III and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases II and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template. The 14-subunit DNA-directed RNA polymerase I holoenzyme localized in the eukaryotic nucleolus of yeasts, fungi, and protists that exclusively transcribes ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats into the polycistronic 35S/47S pre-rRNA precursor. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the RNA polymerase I complex comprises the Rpa190–Rpa135 catalytic core, five shared Rpb subunits, the Rpa43–Rpa14 stalk, and the TFIIF/TFIIE-like Rpa49–Rpa34 heterodimer.", "synonyms": "DNA-directed RNA polymerase I complex DNA-directed RNA polymerase I activity" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033698", "label": "Rpd3L complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/rpd3l_complex.html", "definition": "A histone deacetylase complex which deacetylates histones preferentially in promoter regions. Composed of a two copies of catalytic histone deacetylase subunit (S. pombe Clr6/ S. cerevisiae Rpd3p), an Sds-3 family protein (S. pombe /S. cerevisiae Sds3(p) ), two copies of SIN3 family co-repressor (S. pombe Pst1/ S. cerevisiae Sin3p, a WD repeat protein/ histone chaperone (S. pombe Prw1/ S. cerevisiae Ume1p), and a zf- PHD finger ( S. pombe Png2/ S. cerevisiae Pho23p), plus 4 additional subunits, and associated factors.", "synonyms": "Clr6 histone deacetylase complex I/I' Clr6L complex Rpd3C(L) Sin3L complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070210", "label": "Rpd3L-Expanded complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/rpd3l_expanded_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that contains a histone deacetylase and is part of the chromatin remodeling machinery. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae this complex contains the Rpd3p, Sin3p, Ume1p, Pho23p, Sap30p, Sds3p, Cti6p, Rxt2p, Rxt3p, Dep1p, Ume6p, Ash1p, Dot6p, Snt1, Sif2p, Set3p, Hos2p, Tos4p and Tod6p proteins.", "synonyms": "Clr6-LE complex Rpd3-LE" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032221", "label": "Rpd3S complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/rpd3s_complex.html", "definition": "A eukaryotically conserved histone deacetylase complex which deacetylates histones across gene coding regions. Composed of a catalytic histone deacetylase subunit, a chromodomain protein, a SIN3 family co-repressor, and a WD repeat protein (Clr6p, Alp13p, Pst2p, and Prw1p respectively in Schizosaccharomyces; Rpd3p, Sin3p, Ume1p, Rco1p and Eaf3 in Saccharomyces; homologs thereof in other species).", "synonyms": "Clr6-CII complex Clr6 histone deacetylase complex II Clr6 histone deacetylase complex II' Clr6S complex Rpd3C(S) Rpd3S Sin3S" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016586", "label": "RSC-type complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/rsc_type_complex.html", "definition": "A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains a bromodomain containing-protein, such as yeast Rsc1 or Rsc4 or mammalian PB1/BAF180. The RSC complex is generally recruited to RNA polymerase III promoters and is specifically recruited to RNA polymerase II promoters by transcriptional activators and repressors; it is also involved in non-homologous end joining.", "synonyms": "PBAF complex Polybromo- and BAF containing complex SWI/SNF complex B" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000124", "label": "SAGA complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/saga_complex.html", "definition": "A SAGA-type histone acetyltransferase complex that deubiquitinates H2A and/or H2B. This complex is organized into several functional submodules: a structural core including the activator binding module and consisting of ADA1 or a homolog, members of the SPT and TAF protein families as well as promotor recruitment factor TRRAP/TRA1, a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) module consisting of GCN5/KAT2A or PCAF/KAT2B, ADA2, ADA3/NGG1, and SGF29 or homologues thereof, a histone deubiquitinase (DUB) module consisting of ATXN7/SGF73, ATXN7L3/SGF11, ENY2/SUS1 and USP22/UBP8 or homologues thereof, and in some taxa a splicing module consisting of SF3B3 and SF3B5 or homologues thereof (not in fungi). In budding yeast also contains Spt8 which distinguishes it from SAGA-like (SLIK) complex (GO:0046695).", "synonyms": "Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltransferase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0001401", "label": "SAM complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/sam_complex.html", "definition": "A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates sorting of some imported proteins to the outer membrane and their assembly in the membrane; functions after import of incoming proteins by the mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial sorting and assembly machinery complex TOB complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033255", "label": "SAS acetyltransferase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/sas_acetyltransferase_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity and links histone acetylation to the assembly of transcriptionally silent chromatin. In vitro, the complex acetylates lysine 16 of histone H4 and lysine 14 of histone H3, although the latter may not be relevant in vivo. The complex contains a catalytic subunit and at least two other subunits; in Saccharomyces, the catalytic subunit is Sas2p and additional subunits are Sas4p and Sas5p.", "synonyms": "SAS-I complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005784", "label": "Sec61 translocon complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/sec61_translocon_complex.html", "definition": "A heterotrimeric endoplasmic-reticulum membrane translocon that forms a protein-conducting channel for co- and post-translational substrate movement across or into the ER membrane.", "synonyms": "Sec61 complex ER Sec61 translocon" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031207", "label": "Sec62/Sec63 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/sec62_sec63_complex.html", "definition": "An endoplasmic-reticulum protein complex that supports posttranslational targeting of proteins to the ER and is represented in yeast by a Sec62p, Sec63p, Sec71p, and Sec72p tetramer.", "synonyms": "ER protein translocation subcomplex Sec62/63 complex Sec63 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035859", "label": "Seh1-associated complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/seh1_associated_complex.html", "definition": "A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) complex that regulates TORC1 signaling by interacting with the Rag GTPase. In S. cerevisiae the complex contains Seh1p, Sec13p, Npr2p, Npr3p, Iml1p, Mtc5p, Rtc1p, and Sea4p.", "synonyms": "GATOR complex SEA complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0048188", "label": "Set1C/COMPASS complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/set1c_compass_complex.html", "definition": "A conserved protein complex that catalyzes methylation of histone H3. In Saccharomyces the complex contains Shg1p, Sdc1p, Swd1p, Swd2p, Swd3p, Spp1p, Bre2p, and the trithorax-related Set1p; in mammals it contains the catalytic subunit (SETD1A or SETD1B), WDR5, WDR82, RBBP5, ASH2L/ASH2, CXXC1/CFP1, HCFC1 and DPY30.", "synonyms": "COMPASS complex Set1C Set1/COMPASS complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034967", "label": "Set3 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/set3_complex.html", "definition": "A histone deacetylase complex that is involved in transcriptional regulation. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Set3p, Snt1p, Hos4p, Sif2p, Cpr1p, Hos2p, and Hst1p.", "synonyms": "HDAC3 complex SET3C" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070824", "label": "SHREC complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/shrec_complex.html", "definition": "A histone deacetylase complex that contains a core of four proteins -- Clr1, Clr2, Clr3, and Mit1 in fission yeast -- and localizes to all heterochromatic regions in the genome as well as some euchromatic sites. The complex is involved in regulating nucleosome positioning to assemble higher-order chromatin structures.", "synonyms": "Snf2/HDAC containing repressor complex Snf2/Hdac repressive complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044777", "label": "single-stranded DNA-binding protein complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/single_stranded_dna_binding_protein_complex.html", "definition": "A homotetrameric single-stranded DNA-binding protein assembly that binds and stabilizes single-stranded DNA during DNA replication, recombination, and repair.", "synonyms": "SSB complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0046695", "label": "SLIK (SAGA-like) complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/slik_saga_like_complex.html", "definition": "A SAGA-type histone acetyltransferase complex that contains a smaller form of Spt7 (lacking the SPT8 binding region) than the fungal SAGA complex, and consequently lacks Spt8. The complex is involved in the yeast retrograde response pathway, which is important for gene expression changes during mitochondrial dysfunction.", "synonyms": "SAGA (alt) complex SALSA complex SLIK/SALSA complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070211", "label": "Snt2C complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/snt2c_complex.html", "definition": "A histone deacetylase complex that is part of the chromatin remodeling machinery. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae this complex contains Snt2p, Ecm5p and Rpd3p.", "synonyms": "Snt2 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031521", "label": "spitzenkorper", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/spitzenkorper.html", "definition": "A structure within the hyphal tip of filamentous fungi that acts as an organizing center for hyphal growth.", "synonyms": "Spitzenkörper SPK" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071261", "label": "Ssh1 translocon complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ssh1_translocon_complex.html", "definition": "An endoplasmic-reticulum translocon complex with a core heterotrimer of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits, represented in budding yeast by Ssh1p, Sbh2p, and Sss1p, that supports cotranslational protein transport across the ER membrane.", "synonyms": "Ssh1p-Sss1p-Sbh2p complex Ssh1p complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990200", "label": "SsuD-SsuE complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/ssud_ssue_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex containing an alkanesulfonate monooxygenase subunit (SsuD tetramer in E. coli) and a flavin oxidoreductase subunit (SsuE dimer in E. coli). Involved in the utilization of alkanesulfonates as sulfur sources under conditions of sulfate or cysteine starvation.", "synonyms": "two-component alkanesulfonate monooxygenase system" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044570", "label": "starch utilization system complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/starch_utilization_system_complex.html", "definition": "A bacterial cell envelope-associated multiprotein system, which binds and degrades starch.", "synonyms": "Sus complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:stressosome", "label": "stressosome", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/stressosome.html", "definition": "A bacterial multiprotein regulatory assembly with an oligomeric core formed by RsbR-family and RsbS STAS domains and an associated RsbT kinase. Characterized stressosomes organize environmental-stress signaling; their subunit composition and requirement for downstream responses depend on the organism and experimental context.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032798", "label": "Swi5-Sfr1 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/swi5_sfr1_complex.html", "definition": "A conserved DNA recombinase mediator complex that contains two Swi5 monomers and one Sfr1 monomer in Schizosaccharomyces, or orthologs thereof (e.g. Sae3p and Mei5p in Saccharomyces).", "synonyms": "Sae3-Mei5 complex Swi5 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016514", "label": "SWI/SNF complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/swi_snf_complex.html", "definition": "A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains 8 to 14 proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; contains the ATPase product of the yeast SNF2 or mammalian SMARCA4/BAF190A/BRG1 gene, or an ortholog thereof.", "synonyms": "SWI-SNF complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000812", "label": "Swr1 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/swr1_complex.html", "definition": "A multisubunit INO80-type chromatin-remodeling complex that catalyzes ATP-dependent exchange of nucleosomal H2A-H2B dimers for H2AZ-H2B dimers.", "synonyms": "SWR-C SWR1 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034455", "label": "t-UTP complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/t_utp_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome and is required for the subsequent assembly of the rest of the preribosome. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Utp5p, Utp4p, Nan1p, Utp8p, Utp9p, Utp10 and Utp15p.", "synonyms": "Nan1p-containing subcomplex of 90S preribosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990205", "label": "taurine dioxygenase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/taurine_dioxygenase_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex capable of catalyzing the conversion of taurine and alpha-ketoglutarate to sulfite, aminoacetaldehyde and succinate under sulfur or cysteine starvation conditions. Its expression is repressed by the presence of sulfate or cysteine. In E. coli it is a homodimer or homotetramer of the protein TauD.", "synonyms": "2-aminoethanesulfonate dioxygenase complex alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent taurine dioxygenase complex TauD complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000347", "label": "THO complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/tho_complex.html", "definition": "A eukaryotic nuclear protein complex that promotes transcription elongation and can act as part of the transcription export complex to couple RNA polymerase II transcription with mRNA export from the nucleus.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000445", "label": "THO complex part of transcription export complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/tho_complex_part_of_transcription_export_complex.html", "definition": "The THO complex when it is part of the TREX (TRanscription EXport) complex that is involved in coupling transcription to export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of four subunits: Hpr1, Tho2, Thp1, and Mft1, while the human complex is composed of 7 subunits. In budding yeast, the tetrameric THO core (Tho2, Hpr1, Mft1, Thp2) travels with elongating RNA polymerase II and recruits the Sub2 RNA helicase and Yra1 adaptor to form the complete TREX complex on nascent pre-mRNAs.", "synonyms": "TREX-associated THO subcomplex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031897", "label": "Tic complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/tic_complex.html", "definition": "A chloroplast inner-envelope protein translocon complex that forms the inner-membrane step of nuclear-encoded preprotein import into the chloroplast.", "synonyms": "TIC complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042721", "label": "TIM22 mitochondrial import inner membrane insertion complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/tim22_mitochondrial_import_inner_membrane_insertion_complex.html", "definition": "A multi-subunit mitochondrial inner-membrane complex that mediates insertion of multi-pass inner-membrane precursor proteins carrying internal targeting elements.", "synonyms": "mitochondrial inner membrane protein insertion complex Tim22 complex mitochondrial protein translocase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005744", "label": "TIM23 mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/tim23_mitochondrial_import_inner_membrane_translocase_complex.html", "definition": "The protein transport machinery of the mitochondrial inner membrane that typically transports proteins that possess a matrix-targeting N-terminal presequence. The TIM23 complex contains three essential Tim proteins: Tim17 and Tim23 are thought to build a preprotein translocation channel while Tim44 interacts transiently with the matrix heat-shock protein Hsp70 to form an ATP-driven import motor.", "synonyms": "Tim23 complex mitochondrial inner membrane pre-sequence translocase complex mitochondrial inner membrane presequence translocase complex mitochondrial inner membrane translocase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0010006", "label": "Toc complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/toc_complex.html", "definition": "A chloroplast outer-envelope protein translocon complex that forms the outer-membrane step of nuclear-encoded preprotein import into the chloroplast.", "synonyms": "TOC complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031931", "label": "TORC1 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/torc1_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that contains at least TOR (target of rapamycin) and Raptor (regulatory-associated protein of TOR), or orthologs of, in complex with other signaling components. Mediates the phosphorylation and activation of S6K. In Saccharomyces, the complex contains Kog1p, Lst8p, Tco89p, and either Tor1p or Tor2p.", "synonyms": "TORC1 TOR complex 1 rapamycin and nutrient-sensitive TOR complex nutrient sensitive complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031932", "label": "TORC2 complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/torc2_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that contains at least TOR (target of rapamycin) and Rictor (rapamycin-insensitive companion of TOR), or orthologs of, in complex with other signaling components. Mediates the phosphorylation and activation of PKB (also called AKT). In Saccharomyces, the complex contains Avo1p, Avo2p, Tsc11p, Lst8p, Bit61p, Slm1p, Slm2p, and Tor2p.", "synonyms": "TORC2 TOR complex 2 TORC 2 complex rapamycin and nutrient-insensitive TOR complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031499", "label": "TRAMP complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/tramp_complex.html", "definition": "A multiprotein complex having distributive polyadenylation activity of a variety of RNA substrates including hypomodified and incorrectly folded tRNAs, pre-snRNAs, pre-snoRNAs, incorrectly spliced or processed pre-mRNAs, cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), pre-rRNAs and rRNA fragments released as part of rRNA processing. In S. cerevisiae, the complex consists of either Pap2 (also known as Trf4) or Trf5, Air1 or Air2, and Mtr4, and is involved in RNA 3'-end processing and in RNA surveillance and quality control.", "synonyms": "TRAMP4 complex TRAMP5 complex Trf4 complex Trf4p-Air2p-Mtr4p polyadenylation complex Trf4 poly(A) polymerase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000346", "label": "transcription export complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/transcription_export_complex.html", "definition": "The transcription export (TREX) complex couples transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II to mRNA export. The complex associates with the polymerase and travels with it along the length of the transcribed gene. TREX is composed of the THO transcription elongation complex as well as other proteins that couple THO to mRNA export proteins. The TREX complex is known to be found in a wide range of eukaryotes, including S. cerevisiae and metazoans. The conserved eukaryotic transcription-export (TREX) multiprotein complex that couples RNA polymerase II transcription elongation with nascent mRNP packaging and nuclear export. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other microbial eukaryotes, the TREX complex is assembled from the pentameric THO core complex (Tho2, Hpr1, Mft1, Thp2, Tex1), the DEAD-box RNA helicase Sub2 (UAP56), and the RNA-binding export adaptor Yra1 (ALYREF), which recruits the Mex67–Mtr2 export receptor.", "synonyms": "TREX complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000439", "label": "transcription factor TFIIH core complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/transcription_factor_tfiih_core_complex.html", "definition": "The 7 subunit core of TFIIH that is a part of either the general transcription factor holo-TFIIH or the nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex. In S. cerevisiae/humans the complex is composed of: Ssl2/XPB, Tfb1/p62, Tfb2/p52, Ssl1/p44, Tfb4/p34, Tfb5/p8 and Rad3/XPD.", "synonyms": "SSL2-core TFIIH complex core TFIIH complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005675", "label": "transcription factor TFIIH holo complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/transcription_factor_tfiih_holo_complex.html", "definition": "A complex that is capable of kinase activity directed towards the C-terminal Domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for initiation at RNA polymerase II promoters in vitro. It is composed of the core TFIIH complex and the TFIIK complex.", "synonyms": "holo TFIIH complex cyclin-dependent protein kinase activating kinase holoenzyme complex CAK complex CDK-activating kinase" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070985", "label": "transcription factor TFIIK complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/transcription_factor_tfiik_complex.html", "definition": "A transcription factor complex that forms part of the holo TFIIH complex. In Saccharomyces/human, TFIIK contains Ccl1p/Cyclin H, Tfb3p/MAT1 and Kin28p/CDK7.", "synonyms": "TFIIK complex cyclin H-CDK7 complex Mcs6/Mcs2/Pmh1 complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030008", "label": "TRAPP complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/trapp_complex.html", "definition": "A large complex that acts as a tethering factor involved in transporting vesicles from the ER through the Golgi to the plasma membrane. A TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex has a core set of proteins which are joined by specific subunits depending on the cellular component where a given TRAPP complex is active. The conserved eukaryotic Transport Protein Particle (TRAPP) family of multisubunit vesicle-tethering and Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) complexes in yeasts, fungi, and protists. Built around a shared heptameric core (Bet3p dimer, Bet5p, Trs20p, Trs23p, Trs31p, Trs33p) that forms the catalytic GEF site, TRAPP complexes (TRAPPI, TRAPPII, and TRAPPIII) activate Ypt1/Rab1 and Ypt31/32 GTPases to coordinate ER-to-Golgi transport, intra-Golgi trafficking, and autophagy.", "synonyms": "transport protein particle transport protein particle complex TRAPP1 TRAPP2" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990070", "label": "TRAPPI protein complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/trappi_protein_complex.html", "definition": "A complex that tethers COPII vesicles at ER-Golgi intermediate compartment. Its role in this part of the vesicular transport may start at the ER exit sites. Binds to a component of the COPII coat. In yeast it includes the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33 which are regarded as the core subunits of all TRAPP complexes in yeast.", "synonyms": "TRAPP core complex TRAPP I TRAPP I complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990071", "label": "TRAPPII protein complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/trappii_protein_complex.html", "definition": "A complex that mediates intra-Golgi traffic, Golgi exit, endosome-to-Golgi traffic, and the trafficking of autophagy proteins from Golgi to the phagophore assembly site. Binds to a component of the COPI coat. In yeast it includes the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Tca17, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33, Trs65, Trs120, Trs130. The whole complex is thought to dimerize with itself.", "synonyms": "TRAPP II TRAPP II complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990072", "label": "TRAPPIII protein complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/trappiii_protein_complex.html", "definition": "A complex that functions in anterograde transport at the Golgi and also regulates autophagy. In yeast it includes at least the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33, Trs85. TRAPPIII may include further, as yet undescribed, proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031317", "label": "tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic transporter complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/tripartite_atp_independent_periplasmic_transporter_complex.html", "definition": "A complex consisting of two membrane proteins and one extracytoplasmic solute receptor. Such transporters transport a variety of substrates without direct ATP power, instead using energy from ion gradients.", "synonyms": "TRAP transporter complex TRAP-T transporter complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:tusk_complex", "label": "TUSK complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/tusk_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex containing Usp7, the divergent Skp1-like protein SkpZ, and Tpr86, experimentally characterized in Trypanosoma brucei. It is distinct from cullin ubiquitin-ligase complexes and is implicated in coordinated regulation of surface-protein abundance.", "synonyms": "TUSK TUS complex TUS deubiquitinase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034456", "label": "UTP-C complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/utp_c_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rrp7p, Utp22p, Ckb1p, Cka1p, Ckb2p and Cka2p.", "synonyms": "Rrp7p-containing subcomplex of 90S preribosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030120", "label": "vesicle coat", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/vesicle_coat.html", "definition": "A membrane coat found on a coated vesicle.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071203", "label": "WASH complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/wash_complex.html", "definition": "A protein complex that localizes at the surface of endosomes, where it recruits and activates the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization. In human, the WASH complex is composed of F-actin-capping protein subunits alpha and beta, WASH1, FAM21, KIAA1033, KIAA0196 and CCDC53.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016035", "label": "zeta DNA polymerase complex", "category": "OTHER", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/other/zeta_dna_polymerase_complex.html", "definition": "An error-prone eukaryotic DNA polymerase complex that carries out translesion DNA synthesis and damage-tolerance mutagenesis; in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DNA polymerase zeta contains Rev3, Rev7, and the Pol31 and Pol32 accessory subunits shared with DNA polymerase delta.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120259", "label": "7SK snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/7sk_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the 7SK snRNA. The 7SK snRNP plays a central role in RNA polymerase II elongation control by regulating the availability of active P-TEFb.", "synonyms": "snRNP 7SK" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030686", "label": "90S preribosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/90s_preribosome.html", "definition": "A large ribonucleoprotein complex considered to be the earliest preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 90S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990061", "label": "bacterial degradosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/bacterial_degradosome.html", "definition": "The degradosome is a protein complex playing a key role in mRNA degradation and RNA processing. It includes a RNA helicase, a 3'-5' phosphate-dependent PNPase and a RNase E bound-enolase.", "synonyms": "RNA degradosome Escherichia coli RNA degradosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031428", "label": "box C/D methylation guide snoRNP complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/box_c_d_methylation_guide_snornp_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex containing a box C/D type RNA that is capable of ribose-2'-O-methylation of target RNAs. Box C/D type RNAs are widespread in eukaryotes and in Archaea, suggesting that an RNA-based guide mechanism for directing specific RNA 2'-O-ribose methylations was present in the common ancestor of Archaea and Eukarya. A conserved ribonucleoprotein complex composed of a box C/D guide snoRNA (or archaeal box C/D sRNA) containing kink-turn C/D and C'/D' motifs bound by the kink-turn binding protein Snu13p (L7Ae in Archaea), the scaffold subunits Nop56p and Nop58p (Nop5 in Archaea), and the SAM-dependent 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase Nop1p/fibrillarin. The complex base-pairs with target pre-rRNA to direct site-specific 2'-O-methylation five nucleotides upstream of box D or D'.", "synonyms": "box C/D snoRNP ribose 2'-O methylase complex box C/D sRNP complex box C/D small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex box C/D snoRNP complex box C/D snoRNP ribose-2'-O-methyltransferase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031429", "label": "box H/ACA snoRNP complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/box_h_aca_snornp_complex.html", "definition": "A box H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex located in the nucleolus that catalyzes pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNA residues. The complex is composed of four different core proteins that assemble onto a H/ACA guide RNA scaffold that identifies specific uridines in rRNA for modification during ribosome synthesis. A conserved ribonucleoprotein complex composed of a hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail box H/ACA small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA in eukaryotes or sRNA in Archaea) bound by four core proteins: the catalytic pseudouridine synthase Cbf5p/dyskerin (aCbf5), Nop10p, Gar1p, and Nhp2p (L7Ae in Archaea). Guided by antisense base-pairing in the pseudouridylation pocket of the H/ACA RNA, the complex catalyzes site-specific isomerization of uridine to pseudouridine in pre-rRNA and snRNAs.", "synonyms": "box H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex box H/ACA snoRNP pseudouridylase complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0015030", "label": "Cajal body", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/cajal_body.html", "definition": "A class of nuclear body, first seen after silver staining by Ramon y Cajal in 1903, enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors; ultrastructurally, they appear as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter; involved in aspects of snRNP biogenesis; the protein coilin serves as a marker for Cajal bodies. Some argue that Cajal bodies are the sites for preassembly of transcriptosomes, unitary particles involved in transcription and processing of RNA.", "synonyms": "coiled body Gemini of coiled bodies Gems" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071012", "label": "catalytic step 1 spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/catalytic_step_1_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the two snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; three snRNPs including U5 remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the associated snRNPs.", "synonyms": "activated spliceosome mammalian spliceosomal complex B* mammalian spliceosomal complex B2 yeast spliceosomal complex A1" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071013", "label": "catalytic step 2 spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/catalytic_step_2_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that contains three snRNPs, including U5, bound to a splicing intermediate in which the first catalytic cleavage of the 5' splice site has occurred. The precise subunit composition differs significantly from that of the catalytic step 1, or activated, spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the associated snRNPs.", "synonyms": "mammalian spliceosomal complex C mammalian spliceosomal complex C1 yeast spliceosomal complex A2-2" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000243", "label": "commitment complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/commitment_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the U1 snRNP with the 5' splice site of an unspliced intron in an RNA transcript.", "synonyms": "mammalian spliceosomal complex E mammalian spliceosomal E complex yeast spliceosomal complex CC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030679", "label": "cyanelle ribonuclease P complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/cyanelle_ribonuclease_p_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease P complex located in the cyanelle, where it catalyzes the 5' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. The best characterized cyanelle ribonuclease P complex, from the alga Cyanophora paradoxa, contains a single RNA molecule that is necessary but not sufficient for catalysis, and several protein molecules.", "synonyms": "cyanelle RNase P complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000177", "label": "cytoplasmic exosome (RNase complex)", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/cytoplasmic_exosome_rnase_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease complex that has 3-prime to 5-prime processive hydrolytic exoribonuclease activity producing 5-prime-phosphomonoesters. Participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events preventing nuclear export and/or translation of aberrant RNAs. Restricted to processing linear and circular single-stranded RNAs (ssRNA) only. RNAs with complex secondary structures may have to be unwound or pre-processed by co-factors prior to entering the complex, esp if the 3-prime end is structured.", "synonyms": "cytoplasmic exosome (ribonuclease complex) cytoplasmic exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex prokaryotic exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0010494", "label": "cytoplasmic stress granule", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/cytoplasmic_stress_granule.html", "definition": "A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress.", "synonyms": "cytoplasmic mRNP granule stress granule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030680", "label": "dimeric ribonuclease P complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/dimeric_ribonuclease_p_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease P complex that contains a single RNA molecule that is necessary and usually sufficient for catalysis, and a single protein molecule.", "synonyms": "dimeric RNase P complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000178", "label": "exosome (RNase complex)", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/exosome_rnase_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease complex with 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease activity that participates in RNA processing and degradation.", "synonyms": "exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex RNA exosome" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:glycolytic_body", "label": "glycolytic body", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/glycolytic_body.html", "definition": "A membraneless cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein assembly that concentrates glycolytic enzymes and associated RNAs during hypoxic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.", "synonyms": "G body G-body" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:h_body", "label": "H-body", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/h_body.html", "definition": "A stress-responsive, polar, membraneless ribonucleoprotein condensate organized by Hfq in Escherichia coli, with polyphosphate-modulated assembly and enrichment of polyadenylated transcripts and RNA-processing proteins.", "synonyms": "Hfq condensate" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035363", "label": "histone locus body", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/histone_locus_body.html", "definition": "A nuclear body associated with the histone gene locus that is thought to contain all of the factors necessary for histone mRNA transcription and pre-mRNA processing. In Drosophila, U7 snRNP is located in the histone locus body rather than the distinct Cajal body.", "synonyms": "HLB" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035061", "label": "interchromatin granule", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/interchromatin_granule.html", "definition": "A class of nuclear body measuring 20-25 nm in diameter and distributed throughout the interchromatin space, linked together by thin fibrils. They are believed to be storage centers for various snRNAs, snRNPs, serine/arginine-rich proteins and RNA polymerase II. A typical mammalian cell contains 25-50 clusters of interchromatin granules. Interchromatin granule clusters do not contain the heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding proteins (hnRNPs).", "synonyms": "ICG" }, { "identifier": "GO:0015934", "label": "large ribosomal subunit", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/large_ribosomal_subunit.html", "definition": "The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site).", "synonyms": "ribosomal large subunit" }, { "identifier": "GO:0120115", "label": "Lsm2-8 complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/lsm2_8_complex.html", "definition": "Heteroheptameric Sm-like protein ring complex composed of Lsm2, Lsm3, Lsm4, Lsm5, Lsm6, Lsm7 and Lsm8 or their orthologs that associates with U6-family spliceosomal snRNAs.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030681", "label": "multimeric ribonuclease P complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/multimeric_ribonuclease_p_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease P complex that generally contains a single RNA molecule and several protein molecules. Examples of this complex are found in Archaeal species.", "synonyms": "multimeric RNase P complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0010445", "label": "nuclear dicing body", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/nuclear_dicing_body.html", "definition": "A small round nuclear body, measuring 0.2-0.8 microns in diameter that is diffusely distributed throughout the nucleoplasm. Several proteins known to be involved in miRNA processing have been localized to these structures. D-bodies are thought to be involved in primary-miRNA processing and/or storage/assembly of miRNA processing complexes.", "synonyms": "D body D-body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000176", "label": "nuclear exosome (RNase complex)", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/nuclear_exosome_rnase_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease complex that has 3-prime to 5-prime processive and distributive hydrolytic exoribonuclease activity and endoribonuclease activity, producing 5-prime-phosphomonoesters. Participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events preventing nuclear export and/or translation of aberrant RNAs. Restricted to processing linear and circular single-stranded RNAs (ssRNA) only. RNAs with complex secondary structures may have to be unwound or pre-processed by co-factors prior to entering the complex, esp if the 3-prime end is structured.", "synonyms": "eukaryotic exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex nuclear exosome (ribonuclease complex) nuclear exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0016607", "label": "nuclear speck", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/nuclear_speck.html", "definition": "A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.", "synonyms": "nuclear speckle nuclear speckles splicing speckle speckle domain speckle focus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097165", "label": "nuclear stress granule", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/nuclear_stress_granule.html", "definition": "A dense aggregation in the nucleus composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress.", "synonyms": "nuclear stress body nSB HSF1 granule" }, { "identifier": "GO:0101019", "label": "nucleolar exosome (RNase complex)", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/nucleolar_exosome_rnase_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease complex that has 3-prime to 5-prime distributive hydrolytic exoribonuclease activity and in some taxa (e.g. yeast) endoribonuclease activity, producing 5-prime-phosphomonoesters. Participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events preventing nuclear export and/or translation of aberrant RNAs. Restricted to processing linear and circular single-stranded RNAs (ssRNA) only. RNAs with complex secondary structures may have to be unwound or pre-processed by co-factors prior to entering the complex, esp if the 3-prime end is structured.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005655", "label": "nucleolar ribonuclease P complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/nucleolar_ribonuclease_p_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonuclease P complex located in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell, where it catalyzes the 5' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. Eukaryotic nucleolar ribonuclease P complexes generally contain a single RNA molecule that is necessary but not sufficient for catalysis, and several protein molecules.", "synonyms": "nucleolar RNase P complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0035062", "label": "omega speckle", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/omega_speckle.html", "definition": "A nucleoplasmic speckle distributed in the interchromatin space of cells in close proximity to chromatin. Omega speckles are distinct from interchromatin granules and contain heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding proteins (hnRNPs).", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000932", "label": "P-body", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/p_body.html", "definition": "A focus in the cytoplasm where mRNAs may become inactivated by decapping or some other mechanism. Protein and RNA localized to these foci are involved in mRNA degradation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), translational repression, and RNA-mediated gene silencing.", "synonyms": "P body cytoplasmic mRNA processing body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042382", "label": "paraspeckles", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/paraspeckles.html", "definition": "Discrete subnuclear bodies in the interchromatin nucleoplasmic space, often located adjacent to nuclear specks. 10-20 paraspeckles are typically found in human cell nuclei.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071003", "label": "penta-snRNP complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/penta_snrnp_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that is formed by the association of the U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins.", "synonyms": "penta-RNP complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097356", "label": "perinucleolar compartment", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/perinucleolar_compartment.html", "definition": "The perinucleolar compartment (PNC) is a subnuclear structure associated with, but structurally distinct from, the nucleolus. The PNC contains large amounts of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex (hnRNP) called hnRNP I (PTB). Many RNA binding proteins as well as RNA polymerase III transcripts are highly enriched in this compartment. PTB and pol III transcripts are required for the integrity of the PNC.", "synonyms": "perinucleolar region PNC" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071014", "label": "post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/post_mrna_release_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the release of the spliced product from the post-spliceosomal complex and contains the excised intron and three snRNPs, either U2 or U12, U5, and either U6 or U6atac.", "synonyms": "mammalian spliceosomal complex I" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071020", "label": "post-spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/post_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the second splicing event and contains the spliced product, the excised intron, and three snRNPs, including U5.", "synonyms": "mammalian spliceosomal complex C2 yeast spliceosomal complex A2-3" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071011", "label": "precatalytic spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/precatalytic_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of a preassembled U5-containing tri-snRNP to the prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the associated snRNPs.", "synonyms": "mammalian spliceosomal complex B mammalian spliceosomal complex B1 yeast spliceosomal complex A2-1" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030684", "label": "preribosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/preribosome.html", "definition": "Any complex of pre-rRNAs, ribosomal proteins, and associated proteins formed during ribosome biogenesis.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030687", "label": "preribosome, large subunit precursor", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/preribosome_large_subunit_precursor.html", "definition": "A preribosomal complex consisting of 27SA, 27SB, and/or 7S pre-rRNA, 5S rRNA, ribosomal proteins including late-associating large subunit proteins, and associated proteins; a precursor of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic large ribosomal subunit.", "synonyms": "66S preribosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030688", "label": "preribosome, small subunit precursor", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/preribosome_small_subunit_precursor.html", "definition": "A preribosomal complex consisting of 20S pre-rRNA, ribosomal proteins including late-associating small subunit proteins, and associated proteins; a precursor of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic small ribosomal subunit.", "synonyms": "43S preribosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071010", "label": "prespliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/prespliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the 5' splice site and the branch point sequence with specific snRNPs. The prespliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the bound snRNPs. Commitment to a given pair of 5' and 3' splice sites occurs at the time of prespliceosome formation. Prespliceosome complexes are not active for splicing, but are instead an early step in the assembly of a spliceosomal complex.", "synonyms": "prespliceosomal complex mammalian spliceosomal complex A yeast spliceosomal complex B" }, { "identifier": "GO:0000172", "label": "ribonuclease MRP complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/ribonuclease_mrp_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA molecule of the snoRNA family, and cleaves the rRNA precursor as part of rRNA transcript processing. It also has other roles: In S. cerevisiae it is involved in cell cycle-regulated degradation of daughter cell-specific mRNAs, while in mammalian cells it also enters the mitochondria and processes RNAs to create RNA primers for DNA replication.", "synonyms": "RNase MRP complex ribonuclease mitochondrial RNA processing complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030677", "label": "ribonuclease P complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/ribonuclease_p_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that catalyzes cleavage of the leader sequence of precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs), generating the mature 5' end of tRNAs.", "synonyms": "RNase P complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005840", "label": "ribosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/ribosome.html", "definition": "The ribonucleoprotein particle that translates mRNA into protein. The bacterial and archaeal 70S ribosome comprises a small (30S) subunit built on 16S rRNA, which decodes the mRNA, and a large (50S) subunit built on 23S and 5S rRNA, whose 23S rRNA catalyses peptide bond formation. This record details that 70S form and the functional core shared with the larger eukaryotic cytosolic 80S ribosome; it does not enumerate 80S-specific components.", "synonyms": "70S ribosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140365", "label": "RNP body", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/rnp_body.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm of bacteria, minimally containing the RNase E protein and RNA molecules. Bacterial RNP-bodies are similar to eukaryotic P-bodies and stress granules.", "synonyms": "BR-body bacterial RNP body" }, { "identifier": "GO:0048500", "label": "signal recognition particle", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/signal_recognition_particle.html", "definition": "A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes.", "synonyms": "SRP bacterial signal recognition particle" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071024", "label": "SL snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/sl_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains spliced leader (SL) RNA and associated proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030532", "label": "small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/small_nuclear_ribonucleoprotein_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains at least one small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and associated proteins. Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins are typically named for the snRNA constituents they contain, such as U1 snRNP, U4/U6 snRNP, or 7SK snRNP; many become part of spliceosomes, while others regulate transcription elongation or replication-dependent histone pre-mRNA 3'-end processing.", "synonyms": "small nuclear ribonucleoprotein snRNP" }, { "identifier": "GO:0015935", "label": "small ribosomal subunit", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/small_ribosomal_subunit.html", "definition": "The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome.", "synonyms": "ribosomal small subunit" }, { "identifier": "GO:0032040", "label": "small-subunit processome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/small_subunit_processome.html", "definition": "A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins.", "synonyms": "small subunit processome SSU processome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005732", "label": "sno(s)RNA-containing ribonucleoprotein complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/sno_s_rna_containing_ribonucleoprotein_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA molecule of the snoRNA family and associated proteins. Many are involved in a step of processing of rRNA molecules: cleavage, 2'-O-methylation, or pseudouridylation, but other RNA types can be targets as well. The majority fall into one of two classes, box C/D type or box H/ACA type, which are conserved across eukaryotes and archaea. Other members include the telomerase RNA and the ribonuclease MRP RNA.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071601", "label": "sphere organelle", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/sphere_organelle.html", "definition": "A nuclear body that is found in the germinal vesicles of amphibian oocytes, and consist of three major parts: a remarkably spherical body about 5-10 pm in diameter, smaller spherical or nearly spherical granules on the surface, and inclusions of various sizes that strongly resemble the surface granules. The parts of the sphere organelle have distinct compositions, including splicing snRNAs and proteins.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005681", "label": "spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain snRNA(s) and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the spliceosomal splicing of one or more substrate RNAs, and which also contain the RNA substrate(s) from the initial target RNAs of splicing, the splicing intermediate RNA(s), to the final RNA products. During cis-splicing, the initial target RNA is a single, contiguous RNA transcript, whether mRNA, snoRNA, etc., and the released products are a spliced RNA and an excised intron, generally as a lariat structure. During trans-splicing, there are two initial substrate RNAs, the spliced leader RNA and a pre-mRNA.", "synonyms": "spliceosome complex spliceosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097525", "label": "spliceosomal snRNP complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/spliceosomal_snrnp_complex.html", "definition": "A small ribonucleoprotein complex involved in formation of the spliceosome.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097526", "label": "spliceosomal tri-snRNP complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/spliceosomal_tri_snrnp_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal snRNP complex that is formed by the association of the U4/U6 (or U4atac/U6atac) snRNP with the U5 snRNP.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044530", "label": "supraspliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/supraspliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "Multicomponent complex of RNA and proteins that is composed of four active spliceosomes, termed native spliceosomes, connected to each other by the pre-mRNA. The supraspliceosome is the nuclear machine where the pre-mRNA processing takes place, like the 5'-end capping, 3'-end cleavage, splicing and editing.", "synonyms": "supraspliceosome complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005697", "label": "telomerase holoenzyme complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/telomerase_holoenzyme_complex.html", "definition": "Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme complex, with a minimal catalytic core composed of a catalytic reverse transcriptase subunit and an RNA subunit that provides the template for telomeric DNA addition. In vivo, the holoenzyme complex often contains additional subunits.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:tmar_condensate", "label": "TmaR condensate", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/tmar_condensate.html", "definition": "A polar, membraneless ribonucleoprotein condensate organized by TmaR in Escherichia coli that recruits phosphotransferase-system enzyme I and participates in spatial regulation of sugar utilization.", "synonyms": "TmaR-EI polar condensate" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071023", "label": "trans spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/trans_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that forms during the addition of a specific spliced leader (SL) sequence to the 5'-end of a messenger RNA primary transcript, a process which occurs in a number of eukaryotic organisms, including trypanosomatid protozoans, euglenoids, nematodes, trematodes, and chordates.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005692", "label": "U11 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u11_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U11, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U11 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U11 snRNA both while the U11 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U11 12S U11 snRNP" }, { "identifier": "GO:0034693", "label": "U11/U12 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u11_u12_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that is formed by the association of the U11 and U12 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins.", "synonyms": "snRNP U11/U12 18S U11/U12 snRNP" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005693", "label": "U12 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u12_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U12, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U12 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U12 snRNA both while the U12 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U12" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071017", "label": "U12-type catalytic step 1 spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u12_type_catalytic_step_1_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the U11 and U4atac snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U12, and U5 and U6atac snRNPs.", "synonyms": "minor catalytic step 1 spliceosome U12-type activated spliceosome AT-AC catalytic step 1 spliceosome mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex B* mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex B2 yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex A1" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071018", "label": "U12-type catalytic step 2 spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u12_type_catalytic_step_2_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that contains the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs bound to a splicing intermediate in which the first catalytic cleavage of the 5' splice site has occurred. The precise subunit composition differs significantly from that of the catalytic step 1, or activated, spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs.", "synonyms": "minor catalytic step 2 spliceosome AT-AC catalytic step 2 spliceosome mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex C mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex C1 yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex A2-2" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071019", "label": "U12-type post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u12_type_post_mrna_release_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the release of the spliced product from the post-spliceosomal complex and contains the excised intron and the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs.", "synonyms": "minor post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex AT-AC post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex I" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071022", "label": "U12-type post-spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u12_type_post_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the second splicing event and contains the spliced product, the excised intron, and three snRNPs, U5, U12 and U6atac.", "synonyms": "minor post-spliceosomal complex AT-AC post-spliceosomal complex mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex C2 yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex A2-3" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071016", "label": "U12-type precatalytic spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u12_type_precatalytic_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of the preassembled U4atac/U6atac.U5 tri-snRNP to the U12-type prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U11, U12 and U4atac/U6atac.U5 snRNPs.", "synonyms": "minor precatalytic spliceosome AT-AC precatalytic spliceosome mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex B mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex B1 yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex A2-1" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071015", "label": "U12-type prespliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u12_type_prespliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the cooperative binding of the heterodimeric U11/U12 snRNP to the 5' splice site and the branch point sequence. The U12-type prespliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U11/U12 heterodimeric snRNPs. Commitment to a given pair of 5' and 3' splice sites occurs at the time of prespliceosome formation.", "synonyms": "minor prespliceosome AT-AC prespliceosome mammalian U12-type spliceosomal complex A yeast U12-type spliceosomal complex B" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005689", "label": "U12-type spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u12_type_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "Any spliceosomal complex that forms during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron; the series of U12-type spliceosomal complexes is involved in the splicing of the majority of introns that contain atypical AT-AC terminal dinucleotides, as well as other non-canonical introns. The entire splice site signal, not just the terminal dinucleotides, is involved in determining which spliceosome utilizes the site.", "synonyms": "minor (U12-type) spliceosomal complex minor spliceosomal complex AT-AC spliceosomal complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005685", "label": "U1 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u1_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U1, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U1 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U1 snRNA both while the U1 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U1" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005686", "label": "U2 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u2_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U2, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U2 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U2 snRNA both while the U2 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U2 17S U2 snRNP" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071006", "label": "U2-type catalytic step 1 spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u2_type_catalytic_step_1_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the U1 and U4 snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U2, and U5 and U6 snRNPs.", "synonyms": "major catalytic step 1 spliceosome U2-type activated spliceosome GT-AG catalytic step 1 spliceosome mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex B* mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex B2 yeast U2-type spliceosomal complex A1" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071007", "label": "U2-type catalytic step 2 spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u2_type_catalytic_step_2_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that contains the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs bound to a splicing intermediate in which the first catalytic cleavage of the 5' splice site has occurred. The precise subunit composition differs significantly from that of the catalytic step 1, or activated, spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs.", "synonyms": "major catalytic step 2 spliceosome GT-AG catalytic step 2 spliceosome mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex C mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex C1 yeast U2-type spliceosomal complex A2-2" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071008", "label": "U2-type post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u2_type_post_mrna_release_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the release of the spliced product from the post-spliceosomal complex and contains the excised intron and the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs.", "synonyms": "major post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex U2/U5/U6 snRNP complex U2/U5/U6 tri-snRNP complex GT-AG post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex I" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071021", "label": "U2-type post-spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u2_type_post_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the second splicing event and contains the spliced product, the excised intron, and three snRNPs, U5, U2 and U6.", "synonyms": "major post-spliceosomal complex GT-AG post-spliceosomal complex mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex C2 yeast U2-type spliceosomal complex A2-3" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071005", "label": "U2-type precatalytic spliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u2_type_precatalytic_spliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of the preassembled U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP to the prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U1, U2 and U4/U6.U5 snRNPs.", "synonyms": "major precatalytic spliceosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071004", "label": "U2-type prespliceosome", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u2_type_prespliceosome.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the 5' splice site with the U1 snRNP, while the branch point sequence is recognized by the U2 snRNP. The prespliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U1 and U2 snRNPs. Commitment to a given pair of 5' and 3' splice sites occurs at the time of prespliceosome formation.", "synonyms": "major prespliceosome GT-AG prespliceosome mammalian U2-type spliceosomal complex A yeast U2-type spliceosomal complex B" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005684", "label": "U2-type spliceosomal complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u2_type_spliceosomal_complex.html", "definition": "Any spliceosomal complex that forms during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron that has canonical consensus sequences near the 5' and 3' ends.", "synonyms": "major (U2-type) spliceosomal complex major spliceosomal complex GT-AG spliceosome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005687", "label": "U4 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u4_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U4 snRNA both while the U4 snRNP is free or assembled into the U4/U6 snRNP or into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U4" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071001", "label": "U4/U6 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u4_u6_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the extensively base paired small nuclear RNAs U4 and U6, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins associated with U4, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex associated with U6, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4 snRNP or U6 snRNPs, some of which remain associated with the U4/U6 snRNA both while the U4 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0046540", "label": "U4/U6 x U5 tri-snRNP complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u4_u6_x_u5_tri_snrnp_complex.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that is formed by the association of the U4/U6 and U5 snRNPs.", "synonyms": "U4/U6.U5 snRNP complex U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005690", "label": "U4atac snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u4atac_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4atac, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4atac snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U4atac snRNA both while the U4atac snRNP is free or assembled into the U4atac/U6atac complex or into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U4atac" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071002", "label": "U4atac/U6atac snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u4atac_u6atac_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the extensively base paired small nuclear RNAs U4atac and U6atac, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins associated with U4atac, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex associated with U6atac, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4atac snRNP or U6atac snRNPs, some of which remain associated with the U4atac/U6atac snRNA both while the U4atac snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0071009", "label": "U4atac/U6atac x U5 tri-snRNP complex", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u4atac_u6atac_x_u5_tri_snrnp_complex.html", "definition": "A spliceosomal snRNP complex that is formed by the association of the U4atac/U6atac and U5 snRNPs.", "synonyms": "U4atac/U6atac.U5 snRNP complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005682", "label": "U5 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u5_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U5, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U5 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U5 snRNA both while the U5 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U5" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005688", "label": "U6 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u6_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U6, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U6 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U6 snRNA both while the U6 snRNP is free or assembled into the U4/U6 snRNP or into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U6" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005691", "label": "U6atac snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u6atac_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U6atac, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U6atac snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U6atac snRNA both while the U6atac snRNP is free or assembled into the U4atac/U6atac snRNP or into a series of spliceosomal complexes.", "synonyms": "snRNP U6atac" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005683", "label": "U7 snRNP", "category": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN", "kind": "RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/ribonucleoprotein/u7_snrnp.html", "definition": "A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the U7 snRNA and is required for the 3'-end processing of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs.", "synonyms": "snRNP U7" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031522", "label": "cell envelope Sec protein transport complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/cell_envelope_sec_protein_transport_complex.html", "definition": "A transmembrane protein complex involved in the translocation of proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane. In Gram-negative bacteria, Sec-translocated proteins are subsequently secreted via the type II, IV, or V secretion systems. Sec complex components include SecA, D, E, F, G, Y and YajC. The bacterial and archaeal cell envelope general secretory (Sec) holotranslocon machinery that mediates co-translational insertion of inner membrane proteins and post-translational translocation of unfolded preproteins across the cytoplasmic membrane. Centered on the heterotrimeric SecYEG protein-conducting channel, the cell envelope Sec protein transport complex associates with the cytoplasmic SecA ATPase motor, the SecDF-YajC proton-motive-force-driven accessory complex, and the YidC membrane insertase.", "synonyms": "Sec complex Sec secretion complex Sec translocation complex plasma membrane Sec complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0062155", "label": "curli secretion complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/curli_secretion_complex.html", "definition": "A protein-containing complex that serves as a channel for the secretion of curli. Curli are a fibers that serve as a major component of the extracellular matrix of pellicle biofilms.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:esx_3_type_vii_secretion_system_membrane_complex", "label": "ESX-3 type VII secretion system membrane complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/esx_3_type_vii_secretion_system_membrane_complex.html", "definition": "A Mycobacterium smegmatis ESX-3 type VII secretion inner-membrane core complex in which EccB3, EccC3, EccD3, and EccE3 assemble into a dimeric membrane-embedded secretion machine.", "synonyms": "ESX-3 core complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:esx_5_type_vii_secretion_system_membrane_complex", "label": "ESX-5 type VII secretion system membrane complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/esx_5_type_vii_secretion_system_membrane_complex.html", "definition": "A mycobacterial ESX-5 type VII secretion inner-membrane complex in which EccB5, EccC5, EccD5, EccE5, and MycP5 assemble into a multi-megadalton nanomachine that exports Esx and PE/PPE-family protein substrates.", "synonyms": "mycobacterial ESX-5 secretion system membrane complex ESX-5 membrane complex T7SS membrane complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:holo_translocon_secyeg_secdf_yajc_yidc_complex", "label": "Holo-translocon SecYEG-SecDF-YajC-YidC complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/holo_translocon_secyeg_secdf_yajc_yidc_complex.html", "definition": "An Escherichia coli Sec-pathway plasma-membrane holo-translocon complex in which SecY, SecE, SecG, SecD, SecF, YajC, and YidC assemble as a heteroheptamer that supports protein secretion and membrane-protein insertion.", "synonyms": "HTL complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:secyeg_translocon_complex", "label": "SecYEG translocon complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/secyeg_translocon_complex.html", "definition": "A bacterial cytoplasmic-membrane Sec-pathway protein-conducting channel built from SecY, SecE, and SecG, through which unfolded secretory proteins or nascent membrane proteins move during translocation or membrane insertion.", "synonyms": "SecYEG translocon SecYEG channel bacterial SecYEG complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0097347", "label": "TAM protein secretion complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/tam_protein_secretion_complex.html", "definition": "A heterooligomeric protein complex that spans the bacterial periplasm and enables the secretion of adhesin proteins in Gram-negative bacteria. In Citrobacter rodentium, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli, the TAM complex consists of an Omp85-family protein, TamA, in the outer membrane and TamB in the inner membrane.", "synonyms": "translocation and assembly module protein complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033281", "label": "TAT protein transport complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/tat_protein_transport_complex.html", "definition": "A complex of three proteins integral to the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria and membranes of organelles derived from bacteria (chloroplasts and mitochondria) involved in membrane transport of folded proteins.", "synonyms": "Tat translocase twin-arginine translocation complex TatABC complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030256", "label": "type I protein secretion system complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_i_protein_secretion_system_complex.html", "definition": "A Gram-negative bacterial trans-envelope protein secretion complex in which an inner-membrane ABC transporter and membrane-fusion protein recruit a TolC-like outer-membrane channel for one-step export of C-terminal-signal substrates.", "synonyms": "T1SS complex type I secretion system" }, { "identifier": "GO:0015627", "label": "type II protein secretion system complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_ii_protein_secretion_system_complex.html", "definition": "A Gram-negative bacterial envelope-spanning secretion complex in which an inner-membrane platform and ATPase drive pseudopilus-mediated export of folded periplasmic substrates through an outer-membrane secretin.", "synonyms": "T2SS complex type 2 secretion system" }, { "identifier": "GO:0030257", "label": "type III protein secretion system complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_iii_protein_secretion_system_complex.html", "definition": "The injectisome: a syringe-like envelope-spanning machine that delivers effector proteins from the bacterial cytoplasm directly into a eukaryotic host cell. Rings in the inner and outer membranes surround an export apparatus; an extracellular needle carries the secretion channel to a translocon pore in the host membrane. It is evolutionarily related to the flagellar export apparatus.", "synonyms": "injectisome" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043684", "label": "type IV secretion system complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_iv_secretion_system_complex.html", "definition": "A bacterial envelope-spanning secretion complex related to conjugation machines that uses VirB-family channel, pilus, ATPase and coupling-protein subassemblies to translocate DNA and protein substrates.", "synonyms": "T4SS complex VirB/VirD4 secretion system" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:type_ix_protein_secretion_system_complex", "label": "type IX protein secretion system complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_ix_protein_secretion_system_complex.html", "definition": "A Bacteroidota trans-envelope secretion nanomachine that couples an inner-membrane PorL/PorM-family motor to PorK/PorN outer-membrane rings and a SprA/Sov translocon to export folded C-terminal-domain-bearing proteins across the outer membrane.", "synonyms": "type IX secretion system T9SS Por secretion system" }, { "identifier": "GO:0098046", "label": "type V protein secretion system complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_v_protein_secretion_system_complex.html", "definition": "A complex of proteins that permits the translocation of proteins across the outer membrane via a transmembrane pore, formed by a beta-barrel, into the extracellular milieu or directly into host cells; the secreted proteins contain all the information required for translocation of an effector molecule through the cell envelope. The type V secretion systems includes the autotransporters (type Va), the two-partner secretion system (type Vb) and the Oca family (type Vc).", "synonyms": "T5SS complex autotransporter system complex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0033104", "label": "type VI protein secretion system complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_vi_protein_secretion_system_complex.html", "definition": "A bacterial contractile injection machine whose envelope-spanning membrane complex anchors a baseplate and sheath-wrapped Hcp tube; sheath contraction propels the Hcp/VgrG/PAAR spike and associated effectors out of the cell into target cells.", "synonyms": "T6SS complex type VI secretion system" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:type_vi_secretion_system_baseplate", "label": "type VI secretion system baseplate", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_vi_secretion_system_baseplate.html", "definition": "A bacterial type VI secretion system subassembly in which TssE-, TssF-, TssG-, and TssK-family proteins form a phage-baseplate-like platform that docks to the TssJ/TssL/TssM membrane complex and initiates Hcp tube and contractile-sheath assembly.", "synonyms": "T6SS baseplate TssEFGK-VgrG phage-like baseplate" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:type_vi_secretion_system_contractile_sheath", "label": "type VI secretion system contractile sheath", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_vi_secretion_system_contractile_sheath.html", "definition": "A bacterial type VI secretion system subassembly in which TssB/VipA- and TssC/VipB-family proteins polymerize into a metastable sheath around the Hcp tube and contract to drive Hcp/VgrG/PAAR spike ejection.", "synonyms": "T6SS contractile sheath TssB/TssC contractile sheath VipA/VipB sheath" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:type_vi_secretion_system_hcp_tube", "label": "type VI secretion system Hcp tube", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_vi_secretion_system_hcp_tube.html", "definition": "A bacterial type VI secretion system tail-tube subassembly in which Hcp-family proteins stack into hexameric rings that form the inner tube expelled by contractile-sheath firing.", "synonyms": "Hcp inner tube T6SS Hcp tube T6SS tail tube" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:type_vi_secretion_system_membrane_complex", "label": "type VI secretion system membrane complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_vi_secretion_system_membrane_complex.html", "definition": "A bacterial type VI secretion system subassembly in which TssJ-, TssL-, and TssM-family proteins form an envelope-spanning membrane core of the secretion apparatus.", "synonyms": "T6SS membrane complex TssJLM membrane complex TssJ/TssL/TssM membrane complex type VI secretion membrane core complex" }, { "identifier": "cellstructuremech:type_vi_secretion_system_vgrg_paar_spike_complex", "label": "type VI secretion system VgrG/PAAR spike complex", "category": "SECRETION_SYSTEM", "kind": "MULTIPROTEIN_COMPLEX", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/secretion_system/type_vi_secretion_system_vgrg_paar_spike_complex.html", "definition": "A bacterial type VI secretion system tip subassembly in which trimeric VgrG proteins cap the Hcp tube and associate with PAAR-repeat proteins to sharpen the puncturing spike.", "synonyms": "T6SS VgrG/PAAR spike complex VgrG/PAAR spike type VI secretion system spike" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042764", "label": "ascospore-type prospore", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/ascospore_type_prospore.html", "definition": "An immature spore undergoing development. The spore usually consists of nucleic acid, prospore membrane(s) that encase the nucleic acid, and ultimately a cell wall that covers the membrane(s). This type of spore is observed in ascospore-forming fungi. The nascent intracellular spore compartment formed during meiosis II in ascomycete yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe before spore wall maturation. Each ascospore-type prospore is delimited by the double-layered prospore membrane that grows from the spindle pole body to engulf a haploid nucleus and maternal cytoplasm.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1905754", "label": "ascospore-type prospore nucleus", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "MEMBRANE_BOUNDED_ORGANELLE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/ascospore_type_prospore_nucleus.html", "definition": "Any nucleus that is part of a ascospore-type prospore. In sporulating Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe asci, each of the four haploid nuclear lobes generated by meiosis II is engulfed by an expanding prospore membrane nucleated at the meiotic outer plaque of the spindle pole body, partitioning one haploid ascospore-type prospore nucleus into each developing prospore.", "synonyms": "prospore nucleus" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005619", "label": "ascospore wall", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/ascospore_wall.html", "definition": "The specialized cell wall of the ascospore (spore), which is the product of meiotic division. Examples of this component are found in Fungi.", "synonyms": "fungal-type spore wall" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005631", "label": "chitosan layer of spore wall", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/chitosan_layer_of_spore_wall.html", "definition": "The second outermost layer of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005630", "label": "dityrosine layer of spore wall", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/dityrosine_layer_of_spore_wall.html", "definition": "The outermost layer of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043593", "label": "endospore coat", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/endospore_coat.html", "definition": "The layer in a bacterial endospore that lies under the exosporium, and is impermeable to many toxic molecules. The coat may also contain enzymes that are involved in endospore germination.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070477", "label": "endospore core", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/endospore_core.html", "definition": "An intracellular part that represents the innermost portion of an endospore; the endospore core is dehydrated, enriched in dipicolinic acid and divalent cations, and metabolically inactive.", "synonyms": "spore core spore matrix" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043595", "label": "endospore cortex", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/endospore_cortex.html", "definition": "The thick, loosely cross-linked peptidoglycan layer between the spore core and the coat of a mature bacterial endospore.", "synonyms": "spore cortex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043591", "label": "endospore external encapsulating structure", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/endospore_external_encapsulating_structure.html", "definition": "The layered envelope that surrounds a bacterial endospore and gives it its resistance: a thick modified peptidoglycan cortex, a proteinaceous coat of dozens of proteins outside it, and in some species an additional loose exosporium. It encases the dehydrated, mineralised core in which the chromosome is held.", "synonyms": "spore coat and cortex" }, { "identifier": "GO:0042601", "label": "endospore-forming forespore", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/endospore_forming_forespore.html", "definition": "Portion of the cell formed during the process of bacterial sporulation that will ultimately become the core of the endospore. An endospore is a type of dormant cell that is resistant to adverse conditions.", "synonyms": "forespore prespore" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043592", "label": "exosporium", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/exosporium.html", "definition": "The outermost layer of a bacterial endospore, which is loosely attached and located outside of the endospore coat. It is generally composed of protein, carbohydrate, and perhaps lipid.", "synonyms": "epispore exospore perispore" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005632", "label": "inner layer of spore wall", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/inner_layer_of_spore_wall.html", "definition": "Either of the two innermost layers of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:1990916", "label": "Isp3 layer of spore wall", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/isp3_layer_of_spore_wall.html", "definition": "The outermost layers of the spore wall, as described in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.", "synonyms": "" }, { "identifier": "GO:0090641", "label": "microsporidian-type endospore", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/microsporidian_type_endospore.html", "definition": "The middle layer in a microsporidian spore wall that lies under the exospore and outside the plasma membrane, containing chitin and proteins.", "synonyms": "chitin-rich inner spore wall layer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0090642", "label": "microsporidian-type exospore", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/microsporidian_type_exospore.html", "definition": "The dense, protein-rich outermost layer of a microsporidian spore wall that lies above the endospore.", "synonyms": "glycoprotein-rich outer spore wall layer" }, { "identifier": "GO:0043594", "label": "outer endospore membrane", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/outer_endospore_membrane.html", "definition": "The outer membrane around a bacterial endospore, located between the endospore cortex and the endospore coat.", "synonyms": "spore outer membrane cortex membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0044099", "label": "polar tube", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "FILAMENT", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/polar_tube.html", "definition": "A microsporidian invasion tube that is coiled inside the spore as the polar filament and rapidly everts from the anterior pole during germination, forming a conduit for the sporoplasm toward a host cell.", "synonyms": "polar filament" }, { "identifier": "GO:0160202", "label": "polar tube anchoring disc", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "OTHER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/polar_tube_anchoring_disc.html", "definition": "A structural component of the microsporidian spore's invasion apparatus that is located at the anterior end of the spore and serves to attach the polar tube to the inside of the spore wall.", "synonyms": "polar tube anchoring disk" }, { "identifier": "GO:0005628", "label": "prospore membrane", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/prospore_membrane.html", "definition": "An ascospore-forming fungal double-membrane structure that grows from meiotic outer plaques to encapsulate meiotic nuclei and provide the foundation for spore-wall assembly.", "synonyms": "ascospore-type prospore membrane FSM forespore membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070056", "label": "prospore membrane leading edge", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/prospore_membrane_leading_edge.html", "definition": "The region of the prospore membrane that extends to surround the spore nucleus; coated with specific proteins that are thought to play a role in prospore membrane organization.", "synonyms": "forespore membrane leading edge" }, { "identifier": "GO:0070057", "label": "prospore membrane spindle pole body attachment site", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "SUBCELLULAR_REGION", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/prospore_membrane_spindle_pole_body_attachment_site.html", "definition": "The region of the prospore membrane to which the spindle pole body (SPB) is anchored; the prospore membrane extends from the SPB attachment site to surround the spore nucleus.", "synonyms": "forespore membrane SPB attachment site forespore membrane spindle pole body attachment site prospore membrane SPB attachment site" }, { "identifier": "GO:0140549", "label": "spore inner membrane", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "MEMBRANE", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/spore_inner_membrane.html", "definition": "The membrane surrounding the spore core (endospore core) that separates it from its external environment.", "synonyms": "spore membrane" }, { "identifier": "GO:0031160", "label": "spore wall", "category": "SPORE", "kind": "ENVELOPE_LAYER", "status": "PROPOSED", "page": "structures/spore/spore_wall.html", "definition": "The specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore.", "synonyms": "spore coat" } ]