SynCom BsBv Cigar Tobacco Leaf Fermentation

Community ID CommunityMech:000278

Ecological State ENGINEERED

Environment cigar tobacco leaves (cultivar QX204) undergoing fermentation
ENVO:01001121

Two-species synthetic microbial community (the BsBv SynCom) of Bacillus safensis and Bacillus velezensis, screened for high extracellular cellulase, amylase and protease activities and applied to cigar tobacco leaves (cultivar QX204) during a 42-day fermentation. The consortium accelerated degradation of cellulose, protein, and starch, shifted the leaf bacterial community toward Firmicutes/Bacillus, and modulated the volatile flavor metabolite profile (e.g. phenylacetic acid, phytol, farnesol) to enhance honey, floral, and baked aromas while reducing irritancy, thereby directionally improving cigar tobacco leaf quality.

Taxonomy

Taxon	Ontology ID	Functional Roles	Abundance
Bacillus safensis	NCBITaxon:561879	PRIMARY_DEGRADER	N/A
doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122621 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO) "Bacillus safensis and Bacillus velezensis with high extracellular cellulase, amylase and protease activities were screened out, and synthetic communities were constructed."
Bacillus velezensis	NCBITaxon:492670	PRIMARY_DEGRADER	N/A
doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122621 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO) "Bacillus safensis and Bacillus velezensis with high extracellular cellulase, amylase and protease activities were screened out, and synthetic communities were constructed."

Ecological Interactions

Taxon

Cross-feeding

Mutualism

Syntrophy

Competition

Commensalism

Niche partitioning

Colonization facilitation

Strain competition

Predation

Cooperative macromolecule degradation by the BsBv SynCom

MUTUALISM

Evidence

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122621 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)

"The SynCom significantly accelerated the degradation of key macromolecules, reducing cellulose, protein, and starch contents by 52.48 %, 56.36 %, and 68.47 %, respectively, which were markedly greater reductions than those observed in the uninoculated control."

SynCom-driven bacterial community succession and Bacillus enrichment

NICHE_PARTITIONING

Evidence

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122621 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)

"inoculation shifted the bacterial community structure, increasing the relative abundance of Firmicutes and significantly enriching the genus Bacillus."

Growth Media

Solid-state fermentation on cigar tobacco leaves (cultivar QX204)

Composition

Component	Concentration	Unit	CHEBI
cigar tobacco leaves (cultivar QX204)	N/A	N/A	N/A

Preparation notes: The two-member BsBv SynCom (Bacillus safensis + Bacillus velezensis) was applied to harvested cigar tobacco leaves of cultivar QX204 and fermented for 42 days. The accessible source (paywalled; abstract only) does not report incubation temperature, humidity, pH, atmosphere, medium composition, or inoculum size for this fermentation.

Evidence

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.122621

"This microbial community was applied to cigar tobacco leaves (cultivar QX204) during a 42-day fermentation."