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NdhS contributes to the formation of a ferredoxin binding site of NDH [[cite:PUB00083363]] and is necessary for high affinity binding of ferredoxin [[cite:PUB00083368]]. The cyanobacterial NDH-1 complex, also known as NADPH:plastoquinone oxidoreductase or type I NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, is involved in plastoquinone reduction and cyclic electron transfer (CET) around photosystem I. The chloroplast NDH is more similar to cyanobacterial NDH-1, which is believed to be the origin of chloroplast NDH, than to mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase present in the same species [[cite:PUB00083364]] [[cite:PUB00083367]]. The NDH complexes of chloroplasts, however, contain many subunits that are absent from cyanobacterial NDH-1 complexes.","domain_architectures":8,"interpro_id":"IPR021659","known_evidence_count":null,"matches":721,"name":"NAD(P)H dehydrogenase subunit S","partial_evidence_count":null,"pfam_id":"PF11623","proteins":721,"proteomes":581,"short_name":"NdhS","source_url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/api/entry/pfam/PF11623","structures":12,"taxa":1686,"unknown_status":"EX_DUF"},"inputs":{"cross_mech":"cross-mech-duf-examples-2026-10-10","members":"pfam-uniprot-uniref90-2026-10-07","protein_examples":"duf-protein-examples-2026-10-13","worklist":"interpro-pfam-duf-2026-10-10"},"members":[],"metadata":{"curation_status":"SEEDED","local_source":"source/data/families/PF11623.yaml","record":{"characterization_status":"UNSCORED","counters":{"alphafold_models":546,"domain_architectures":8,"matches":721,"proteins":721,"proteomes":581,"structures":12,"taxa":1686},"curation_status":"SEEDED","description":"This family is found in Bacteria and Streptophyta includes members such as NdhS (NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit S). NdhS, also known as CRR31 (chlororespiratory reduction 31), is a subunit of the chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like (NDH) complex [[cite:PUB00083363]]. It is also a subunit of the cyanobacterial NDH-1 complex [[cite:PUB00083366]] [[cite:PUB00083365]]. NAD(P)H-oxidizing subunits have not been found in chloroplasts or cyanobacteria, where ferredoxin is probably the electron donor. NdhS contributes to the formation of a ferredoxin binding site of NDH [[cite:PUB00083363]] and is necessary for high affinity binding of ferredoxin [[cite:PUB00083368]]. The cyanobacterial NDH-1 complex, also known as NADPH:plastoquinone oxidoreductase or type I NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, is involved in plastoquinone reduction and cyclic electron transfer (CET) around photosystem I. The chloroplast NDH is more similar to cyanobacterial NDH-1, which is believed to be the origin of chloroplast NDH, than to mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase present in the same species [[cite:PUB00083364]] [[cite:PUB00083367]]. The NDH complexes of chloroplasts, however, contain many subunits that are absent from cyanobacterial NDH-1 complexes.","id":"Pfam:PF11623","interpro_id":"InterPro:IPR021659","name":"NAD(P)H dehydrogenase subunit S","pfam_id":"PF11623","provenance":{"generated_at":"2026-10-10T07:44:21.614711Z","path":"data/worklists/interpro-pfam-duf-2026-10-10.json","sha256":"17fb625876c9326ed284263a47bcd84e0d7844a31c040dc06cd2260c36f1c383","snapshot_id":"interpro-pfam-duf-2026-10-10","source_url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/api/entry/pfam/"},"seed_status":"EX_DUF","short_name":"NdhS","source_url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/api/entry/pfam/PF11623"},"source":{"commit":"c8155abfcf881ad8662936343deb81e604e3a194","path":"data/families/PF11623.yaml","repository":"https://github.com/CultureBotAI/DUFMech","sha256":"4773c23182959cb9e4f6c3a8bed739e434507973d97764ad821039585e07a531"}},"protein_examples":{"candidate_count":1,"discovery_scanned":true,"example_count":1,"examples":[{"evidence_scope":"FAMILY_MEMBERSHIP_NOT_FUNCTION","organism":"Arabidopsis thaliana","origins":[{"cited_uniprot_accession":"","commit":"70edd6f8458845f7d7783ac4f416df519f5e1de6","link_basis":["canonical_example_family_classification"],"mech":"ProteinTraitsMech","path":"data/traits/function/localization/go/nad-p-h-dehydrogenase-complex-plastoquinone-go0010598.yaml","qualification_status":"NOT_ASSESSED","record_id":"GO:0010598","section":"canonical_examples","url":"https://github.com/CultureBotAI/proteintraitsmech/blob/70edd6f8458845f7d7783ac4f416df519f5e1de6/data/traits/function/localization/go/nad-p-h-dehydrogenase-complex-plastoquinone-go0010598.yaml"},{"cited_uniprot_accession":"","commit":"70edd6f8458845f7d7783ac4f416df519f5e1de6","link_basis":["canonical_example_family_classification","ptm_own_pfam_record_example"],"mech":"ProteinTraitsMech","path":"data/traits/sequence/family/pfam/ndhs-pf11623.yaml","qualification_status":"LEGACY_OR_UNSPECIFIED","record_id":"Pfam:PF11623","section":"canonical_examples","url":"https://github.com/CultureBotAI/proteintraitsmech/blob/70edd6f8458845f7d7783ac4f416df519f5e1de6/data/traits/sequence/family/pfam/ndhs-pf11623.yaml"},{"cited_uniprot_accession":"","commit":"70edd6f8458845f7d7783ac4f416df519f5e1de6","link_basis":["ptm_registry_exact_uniprot_pfam_xref"],"mech":"ProteinTraitsMech","path":"data/grounding/protein_registry.jsonl","qualification_status":"NOT_ASSESSED_FOR_THIS_FAMILY","record_id":"UniProtKB:Q9T0A4","section":"protein_registry","url":"https://github.com/CultureBotAI/proteintraitsmech/blob/70edd6f8458845f7d7783ac4f416df519f5e1de6/data/grounding/protein_registry.jsonl"}],"pfam_ids":["PF11623"],"protein_name":"NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit S, chloroplastic","registry_source":{"commit":"70edd6f8458845f7d7783ac4f416df519f5e1de6","path":"data/grounding/protein_registry.jsonl","repository":"https://github.com/CultureBotAI/proteintraitsmech","sequence_sha256":"537c4b37622527e3856cf590a636c6ba8f3b3e630a4237f933bbb952dca09044","sequence_version":1,"sha256":"1be0cf02b76b03a8fe9b80bcead9cd4a419157116eb8da038f266bcc33015eb9","uniprot_release":"2026_03","url":"https://github.com/CultureBotAI/proteintraitsmech/blob/70edd6f8458845f7d7783ac4f416df519f5e1de6/data/grounding/protein_registry.jsonl"},"registry_status":"EXACT_SEQUENCE_VERSION_MATCH","reviewed":true,"sequence":"MATSSITIPTIRTPIHRSKFLGQTHQFSTVNRSVFPPPKQQSKLYQVKAMGKFNLWEVMGGRGLCNGEKGIEKELQRNIEDEQETSKAENNETERESDDSNLSFKVPEDGFEKEMMGLTGGFPGGEKGLKTFIEKNPPPPPPPPPAKQGSDASAVATDKKPKAPKLPLLMPGMIAIVKNQNSPYHMYCGIVQRITDGKAGVLFEGGNWDRLITFRLEELERREKGPPGKNPKSCILEPLIEQMQKEEAAP","sequence_length":250,"sequence_origin":"PTM_REGISTRY_MIRROR","sequence_sha256":"537c4b37622527e3856cf590a636c6ba8f3b3e630a4237f933bbb952dca09044","sequence_version":1,"source_url":"https://rest.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9T0A4.json","taxon_id":"3702","uniprot_accession":"Q9T0A4","uniprot_release":"2026_03"}],"pfam_id":"PF11623","short_name":"NdhS","status":"HAS_SEQUENCE_EXAMPLE","unresolved":[]}}