amikacin

CHEBI:2637 ·resolve ·ANTIBACTERIAL ·EXACT SEEDED

An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group. — ChEBI

Machine-generated and unreviewed. Identity, structure and cross-references come straight from ChEBI's and CARD's own data; no curator has signed off on this record yet.

Classification

aminoglycoside antibioticARO:0000016

Strictly broader compounds or drug classes this molecule belongs to.

CHEBI:22390 CHEBI:22390
CHEBI:22479 CHEBI:22479
CHEBI:37622 CHEBI:37622
CHEBI:47779 CHEBI:47779
ARO:0000016 ARO:0000016

Chemical structure

Computed structure properties
Molecular formula	C22H43N5O13
Charge	0
Average mass	585.608 Da
Monoisotopic mass	585.28574 Da
Source	ChEBI
InChIKey	LKCWBDHBTVXHDL-RMDFUYIESA-N

SMILES

NCC[C@H](O)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C[C@H](N)[C@@H](O[C@H]2O[C@H](CN)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)[C@H]1O

InChI

InChI=1S/C22H43N5O13/c23-2-1-8(29)20(36)27-7-3-6(25)18(39-22-16(34)15(33)13(31)9(4-24)37-22)17(35)19(7)40-21-14(32)11(26)12(30)10(5-28)38-21/h6-19,21-22,28-35H,1-5,23-26H2,(H,27,36)/t6-,7+,8-,9+,10+,11-,12+,13+,14+,15-,16+,17-,18+,19-,21+,22+/m0/s1

Also called

amikacina (INN)— chebi
amikacine (INN)— chebi
amikacinum (INN)— chebi
(2S)-4-amino-N-[(1R,2S,3S,4R,5S)-5-amino-2-(3-amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-4-(6-amino-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]-2-hydroxybutanamide (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
1-N-(L(−)-γ-amino-α-hydroxybutyryl)kanamycin A (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
Amikacin (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
O-3-amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-(6-amino-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6))-N3-(4-amino-L-2-hydroxybutyryl)-2-deoxy-L-streptamine (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
AMK (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
Amicacin (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
Amikacina (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
Amikacinum (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
Amikavet (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
Arikace (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
Kaminax (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
Lukadin (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
Mikavir (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro
mikacin (EXACT_SYNONYM)— aro

Cross-references

Equivalent identifiers for this same structure in other resources.

ARO:0000013
cas:37517-28-5
drugbank:DB00479
drugcentral:157
hmdb:HMDB0014622
kegg.compound:C06820
kegg.drug:D02543
lincs.smallmolecule:LSM-5935
metacyc.compound:CPD-14197
patent:DE2234315
patent:US3781268
reaxys:5915117
wikipedia.en:Amikacin
chembl:CHEMBL177
pubchem.compound:37768

Activity roles

Every antimicrobial role a source asserts for this compound — the unreduced evidence behind its antimicrobial_class.

CHEBI:33281 CHEBI:33281
CHEBI:36047 CHEBI:36047

Source concepts

Every upstream concept that resolved to this record. The merge is the product: this is what shows ChEBI and CARD are describing the same structure.

Upstream concepts merged into this record
Source	Native ID	Label	Minted CURIE	Version
ARO	`ARO:0000013`	amikacin	`antibioticmech:aro-78030ec7ba`	2026-08-30
CHEBI	`CHEBI:2637`	amikacin	`antibioticmech:chebi-cc9bb9e534`	2026-08-30

Molecular targets

The molecular entity or process this compound acts on. Each target carries evidence — this is a mechanistic claim, not a classification.

antibiotic sensitive 16S rRNA NUCLEIC_ACID DIRECT_BINDING_TARGET

ARO:3000755

CARD/ARO database assertion; target organism, strain, and assay are not specified. 16S rRNA is asserted as the target. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE_NEEDED. Source: CARD_ARO 2026-08-30 (retrieved 2026-08-30).

ARO:3000755 (CARD/ARO asserts targeted_by_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

Resistance mechanisms

102 known routes by which microbes resist this compound, grounded in ARO where CARD models them. Grouped by mechanism type — expand a group to see its determinants.

ANTIBIOTIC_INACTIVATION 79

ANTIBIOTIC_INACTIVATION
Determinant	ARO ID	Organism	Gene families	Evidence
AAC(3)-Ib/AAC(6')-Ib3 bifunctional protein	ARO:3002600	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002600 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-29a	ARO:3002583	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002583 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-29b	ARO:3002584	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002584 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-31	ARO:3002585	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002585 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-32	ARO:3002586	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002586 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-I-48	ARO:3004638	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004638 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-I30	ARO:3002588	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002588 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-I33	ARO:3002587	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002587 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ia	ARO:3002545	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002545 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iaa	ARO:3002571	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002571 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iad	ARO:3002572	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002572 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iae	ARO:3002573	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002573 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iaf	ARO:3002574	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002574 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iai	ARO:3002575	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002575 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iaj	ARO:3003677	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003677 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iak	ARO:3003199	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003199 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ian	ARO:3003200	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003200 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iap	ARO:3007204	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3007204 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib	ARO:3002546	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002546 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib'	ARO:3003676	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003676 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-Hangzhou	ARO:3002592	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002592 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-SK	ARO:3002593	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002593 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-Suzhou	ARO:3002591	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002591 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-cr1	ARO:3002547	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002547 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-cr3	ARO:3005112	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3005112 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-cr4	ARO:3005114	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3005114 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-cr5	ARO:3005115	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3005115 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-cr6	ARO:3005116	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3005116 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-cr7	ARO:3005117	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3005117 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-cr8	ARO:3005118	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3005118 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib-cr9	ARO:3005119	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3005119 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib10	ARO:3002581	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002581 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib11	ARO:3002582	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002582 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib3	ARO:3002576	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002576 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib4	ARO:3002577	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002577 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib7	ARO:3002578	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002578 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib8	ARO:3002579	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002579 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ib9	ARO:3002580	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002580 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ic	ARO:3002549	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002549 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ie-APH(2'')-Ia bifunctional protein	ARO:3002597	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002597 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-If	ARO:3002553	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002553 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ig	ARO:3002554	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002554 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ih	ARO:3002555	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002555 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ii	ARO:3002556	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002556 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iid	ARO:3002589	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002589 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iih	ARO:3002590	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002590 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ij	ARO:3002557	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002557 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ik	ARO:3002558	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002558 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Il	ARO:3004635	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004635 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Im	ARO:3004629	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004629 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ip	ARO:3002559	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002559 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iq	ARO:3002560	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002560 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ir	ARO:3002561	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002561 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Is	ARO:3002562	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002562 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Isa	ARO:3002563	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002563 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-It	ARO:3002564	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002564 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iu	ARO:3002565	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002565 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iv	ARO:3002566	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002566 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iw	ARO:3002567	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002567 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Ix	ARO:3002568	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002568 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iy	ARO:3002569	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002569 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AAC(6')-Iz	ARO:3002570	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002570 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
ANT(4')-IIa	ARO:3002624	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002624 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
ANT(4')-IIb	ARO:3002625	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002625 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
ANT(4')-Ia	ARO:3002623	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002623 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
ANT(4')-Ib	ARO:3003905	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003905 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(2'')-IIIa	ARO:3002636	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002636 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(2'')-IVa	ARO:3002637	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002637 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(2'')-Ie	ARO:3002634	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002634 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(2'')-Ig	ARO:3002669	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002669 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(3')-IIIa	ARO:3002647	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002647 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(3')-IXa	ARO:3004087	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004087 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(3')-VIIIa	ARO:3004680	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004680 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(3')-VIIIb	ARO:3004086	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004086 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(3')-VIa	ARO:3002652	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002652 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
APH(3')-VIb	ARO:3002653	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002653 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
aac(6')-Ib-cr10	ARO:3007770	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3007770 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
aac(6')-Ib-cr11	ARO:3007771	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3007771 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
aphA15	ARO:3004675	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004675 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

ANTIBIOTIC_TARGET_ALTERATION 17

ANTIBIOTIC_TARGET_ALTERATION
Determinant	ARO ID	Organism	Gene families	Evidence
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 16S rRNA (rrnS) mutation conferring resistance to kanamycin	ARO:3007537	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3007537 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 16S rRNA mutation conferring resistance to amikacin	ARO:3003481	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003481 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis eis with mutation conferring resistance to amikacin	ARO:3009333	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3009333 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacteroides abscessus 16S rRNA mutation conferring resistance to amikacin	ARO:3003239	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003239 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacteroides chelonae 16S rRNA mutation conferring resistance to amikacin	ARO:3003514	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003514 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
armA	ARO:3000858	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3000858 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
npmA	ARO:3002665	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002665 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtA	ARO:3000859	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3000859 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtB	ARO:3000860	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3000860 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtC	ARO:3000861	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3000861 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtD	ARO:3002667	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002667 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtD2	ARO:3004677	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004677 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtE	ARO:3004678	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004678 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtE2	ARO:3004679	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004679 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtG	ARO:3002668	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3002668 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
rmtH	ARO:3003198	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003198 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
sgm	ARO:3000862	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3000862 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

ANTIBIOTIC_EFFLUX 5

ANTIBIOTIC_EFFLUX
Determinant	ARO ID	Organism	Gene families	Evidence
Acinetobacter baumannii AbuO	ARO:3004578	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004578 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
AcrAD-TolC	ARO:3004082	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004082 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
MexXY-OprA	ARO:3003038	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003038 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
MexXY-OprM	ARO:3003032	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003032 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
acrD	ARO:3000491	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3000491 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

UNKNOWN 1

UNKNOWN
Determinant	ARO ID	Organism	Gene families	Evidence
PvrR	ARO:3003688	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003688 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:0000013 (amikacin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

Curation history

SEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Seeded from data/raw/ inventories (ARO, CHEBI)
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

Provenance

Seeded by scripts/seed_from_sources.py from the committed inventories in data/raw/. View the record.