baicalein

CHEBI:2979 ·resolve ·ANTIBACTERIAL ·EXACT SEEDED

A trihydroxyflavone with the hydroxy groups at positions C-5, -6 and -7. — ChEBI

Machine-generated and unreviewed. Identity, structure and cross-references come straight from ChEBI's and CARD's own data; no curator has signed off on this record yet.

Classification

Strictly broader compounds or drug classes this molecule belongs to.

Label unavailable CHEBI:27116

Chemical structure

Computed structure properties
Molecular formula	C15H10O5
Charge	0
Average mass	270.24 Da
Monoisotopic mass	270.05282 Da
Source	ChEBI
InChIKey	FXNFHKRTJBSTCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

O=c1cc(-c2ccccc2)oc2cc(O)c(O)c(O)c12

InChI

InChI=1S/C15H10O5/c16-9-6-11(8-4-2-1-3-5-8)20-12-7-10(17)14(18)15(19)13(9)12/h1-7,17-19H

Also called

Noroxylin (BRAND_NAME)— chebi
5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
5,6,7-Trihydroxyflavone (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
Baicalein (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi

Cross-references

Identifiers for this same structure in other resources. An accession that lands on two different structures in this corpus is withheld from both rather than shown here, since it names at most one of them.

Drug registries

Identifiers that name a drug rather than a structure. One of these can cover a parent compound, its salts and its stereoisomers, which this corpus keeps as separate records, so it is not an equivalence of structure.

drugbank:DB16101

Patents and articles

Documents about this compound. A patent covers a class and an article covers a topic; neither identifies a structure.

Activity roles

Every antimicrobial role a source asserts for this compound — the unreduced evidence behind its antimicrobial_class.

anticoronaviral agent CHEBI:149553
antibacterial agent CHEBI:33282
antifungal agent CHEBI:35718

Source concepts

Every upstream concept that resolved to this record. The merge is the product: this is what shows ChEBI and CARD are describing the same structure.

Upstream concepts merged into this record
Source	Native ID	Label	Minted CURIE	Version
CHEBI	`CHEBI:2979`	baicalein	`antibioticmech:chebi-74d4b02f04`	2026-08-30

Molecular targets

The molecular entity or process this compound acts on. Each target carries evidence — this is a mechanistic claim, not a classification.

Replicase polyprotein 1ab VIRAL_PROTEIN MEASURED_TARGET_ASSOCIATION

BindingDB quantitative measurement in the named target organism; source assay descriptions and identifiers are retained per measurement. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE. Source: BINDINGDB 2026-09 (retrieved 2026-08-31).

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 NCBITaxon:2697049

Quantitative measurements
Type	Reported value	Assay	BindingDB IDs	Reference
IC50	20 nM	Hit profiling assay without DTT Primary assay principle based on quenched FRET peptide substrate of SARS-CoV-2 3CL-Pro (lhs). Inhibiting compounds reduce fluorescence signal relative to DMSO controls. Hit profiling using X-ray. Substrate turnover was directly proportional to enzyme concentrations up to 60 nM and assay incubation times up to 15 minutes post substrate addition.	`RSID 902205` `assay 9114_1` `monomer 50009001`	`DOI:10.1101/2020.12.16.422677`

Organism-specific examples
Protein	Gene	Organism	Entry
Replicase polyprotein 1ab `UniProtKB:P0DTD1` BindingDB target chain 1	—	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 `NCBITaxon:2697049`	REVIEWED

DOI:10.1101/2020.12.16.422677 (BindingDB literature-curated quantitative target measurement; source value, assay text, reaction-set ID, and target organism retained.)

Mechanism summary

Mode of action: VIRAL_PROTEASE_INHIBITION microbial target — Assigned from ChEBI role CHEBI:147285 (EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor). ChEBI asserts the role on the compound, but this mechanism belongs to an anti-viral activity while the record is filed as ANTIBACTERIAL. Either the compound has both activities, or the filing is wrong — the priority table has put azole antifungals under ANTIBACTERIAL before now. A curator should decide which. The role names a target specific to the microbe or virus — see mode_of_action_target_scope. Not a curator's mechanistic review.

Curation history

SEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Seeded from data/raw/ inventories (CHEBI)
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-02 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-10 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-10 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

Provenance

Seeded by scripts/seed_from_sources.py from the committed inventories in data/raw/. View the record (YAML).

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