clorobiocin

antibioticmech:aro-e44e701df2 ·ANTIBACTERIAL ·MINTED SEEDED

Clorobiocin is an aminocoumarin antibiotic produced by Streptomyces roseochromogenes, and binds DNA gyrase subunit B to inhibit ATP-dependent DNA supercoiling. — PMID:6154685

Machine-generated and unreviewed. Identity, structure and cross-references come straight from ChEBI's and CARD's own data; no curator has signed off on this record yet.

Classification

aminocoumarin antibioticARO:3000103

Strictly broader compounds or drug classes this molecule belongs to.

aminocoumarin antibiotic ARO:3000103

Chemical structure

Computed structure properties
Molecular formula	C35H37ClN2O11
Charge	0
Average mass	697.1 Da
Monoisotopic mass	696.2085877 Da
Source	PubChem · retrieved 2026-08-29
InChIKey	FJAQNRBDVKIIKK-LFLQOBSNSA-N

SMILES

CC1=CC=C(N1)C(=O)O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](OC([C@@H]2OC)(C)C)OC3=C(C4=C(C=C3)C(=C(C(=O)O4)NC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)CC=C(C)C)O)Cl)O

InChI

InChI=1S/C35H37ClN2O11/c1-16(2)7-9-18-15-19(10-13-22(18)39)31(42)38-25-26(40)20-11-14-23(24(36)28(20)47-33(25)44)46-34-27(41)29(30(45-6)35(4,5)49-34)48-32(43)21-12-8-17(3)37-21/h7-8,10-15,27,29-30,34,37,39-41H,9H2,1-6H3,(H,38,42)/t27-,29+,30-,34-/m1/s1

Cross-references

Identifiers for this same structure in other resources. An accession that lands on two different structures in this corpus is withheld from both rather than shown here, since it names at most one of them.

Source concepts

Every upstream concept that resolved to this record. The merge is the product: this is what shows ChEBI and CARD are describing the same structure.

Upstream concepts merged into this record
Source	Native ID	Label	Minted CURIE	Version
ARO	`ARO:3000132`	clorobiocin	`antibioticmech:aro-e44e701df2`	2026-08-30

Molecular targets

The molecular entity or process this compound acts on. Each target carries evidence — this is a mechanistic claim, not a classification.

aminocoumarin sensitive parE PROTEIN DIRECT_BINDING_TARGET

ARO:3000023

CARD/ARO database assertion; target organism, strain, and assay are not specified. Topoisomerase IV subunit asserted as the aminocoumarin-sensitive target. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE_NEEDED. Source: CARD_ARO 2026-08-30 (retrieved 2026-08-30).

ARO:3000023 (CARD/ARO asserts targeted_by_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

antibiotic sensitive DNA topoisomerase subunit gyrB PROTEIN DIRECT_BINDING_TARGET

ARO:3000734

CARD/ARO database assertion; target organism, strain, and assay are not specified. ARO explicitly describes ligand binding to gyrase subunit B. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE_NEEDED. Source: CARD_ARO 2026-08-30 (retrieved 2026-08-30).

ARO:3000734 (CARD/ARO asserts targeted_by_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

aminocoumarin sensitive parY PROTEIN DIRECT_BINDING_TARGET

ARO:3003253

CARD/ARO database assertion; target organism, strain, and assay are not specified. ParY is asserted as the aminocoumarin-sensitive subunit. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE_NEEDED. Source: CARD_ARO 2026-08-30 (retrieved 2026-08-30).

ARO:3003253 (CARD/ARO asserts targeted_by_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

aminocoumarin sensitive gyrB PROTEIN DIRECT_BINDING_TARGET

ARO:3003260

CARD/ARO database assertion; target organism, strain, and assay are not specified. GyrB is asserted as the aminocoumarin-sensitive subunit. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE_NEEDED. Source: CARD_ARO 2026-08-30 (retrieved 2026-08-30).

ARO:3003260 (CARD/ARO asserts targeted_by_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

Resistance mechanisms

5 source-backed resistance determinants or associations, with ARO grounding where reported. Grouped by reported mechanism type.

ANTIBIOTIC_TARGET_ALTERATION 5

ANTIBIOTIC_TARGET_ALTERATION
Determinant	ARO ID	Organism	Gene families	Evidence
Bartonella bacilliformis gyrB conferring resistance to aminocoumarin	ARO:3003302	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003302 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Escherichia coli gyrB conferring resistance to aminocoumarin	ARO:3003303	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003303 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Staphylococcus aureus gyrB conferring resistance to aminocoumarin	ARO:3003301	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003301 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Staphylococcus aureus parE conferring resistance to aminocoumarin	ARO:3003314	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003314 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Streptomyces rishiriensis parY mutant conferring resistance to aminocoumarin	ARO:3003318	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003318 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000132 (clorobiocin); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

Producer organisms

Organisms that biosynthesize this compound. Cluster link evidence is how the upstream source graded the gene cluster, so it is populated only for a source that grades it. An empty cell is not weaker support: a curator-authored producer carries its support in Evidence instead. Where the source entry named several compounds, the evidence is marked inherited, meaning it covers this compound together with the cluster's other products rather than singling it out. Those products need not be related to each other: a cluster can list an intermediate, a precursor and a finished antibiotic side by side.

Producer organisms
Organism	BGC	Cluster link evidence	Source	Quality	Note	Evidence
Streptomyces roseochromogenus subsp. oscitans NCBITaxon:1352936 strain DS 12.976	BGC0000832	Enzymatic assays; Heterologous expression; Knock-out studies compound specific	MIBIG 4.0.1 (entry 4)	questionable	MIBiG active entry; compound 'clorobiocin' joined by exact Standard InChIKey.	PMID:12480894 (MIBiG's first legacy reference for the entry, inherited rather than attached to the compound. It supports that the entry exists; it is NOT established as evidence for this specific producer/compound link.)

Curation history

SEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Seeded from data/raw/ inventories (ARO)
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-08 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-08 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

Provenance

Seeded by scripts/seed_from_sources.py from the committed inventories in data/raw/. View the record (YAML).

Explore across X-Mech: MediaIngredientMech (clorobiocin) · CultureMech · NaturalProductMech · PathwayMech · TraitMech · TaxonMech (Streptomyces roseochromogenus subsp. oscitans)