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itraconazole

CHEBI:6076 ·resolve ·ANTIFUNGAL ·EXACT SEEDED

An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(±)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis. — ChEBI

Machine-generated and unreviewed. Identity, structure and cross-references come straight from ChEBI's and CARD's own data; no curator has signed off on this record yet.

Classification

triazole antifungalARO:3007499

Strictly broader compounds or drug classes this molecule belongs to.

Chemical structure

Computed structure properties
Molecular formulaC35H38Cl2N8O4
Charge0
Average mass705.647 Da
Monoisotopic mass704.23931 Da
SourceChEBI
InChIKeyVHVPQPYKVGDNFY-ZPGVKDDISA-N

SMILES

CCC(C)n1ncn(-c2ccc(N3CCN(c4ccc(OC[C@H]5CO[C@](Cn6cncn6)(c6ccc(Cl)cc6Cl)O5)cc4)CC3)cc2)c1=O

InChI

InChI=1S/C35H38Cl2N8O4/c1-3-25(2)45-34(46)44(24-40-45)29-7-5-27(6-8-29)41-14-16-42(17-15-41)28-9-11-30(12-10-28)47-19-31-20-48-35(49-31,21-43-23-38-22-39-43)32-13-4-26(36)18-33(32)37/h4-13,18,22-25,31H,3,14-17,19-21H2,1-2H3/t25?,31-,35-/m0/s1

Also called

Cross-references

Identifiers for this same structure in other resources. An accession that lands on two different structures in this corpus is withheld from both rather than shown here, since it names at most one of them.

Drug registries

Identifiers that name a drug rather than a structure. One of these can cover a parent compound, its salts and its stereoisomers, which this corpus keeps as separate records, so it is not an equivalence of structure.

Patents and articles

Documents about this compound. A patent covers a class and an article covers a topic; neither identifies a structure.

Activity roles

Every antimicrobial role a source asserts for this compound — the unreduced evidence behind its antimicrobial_class.

Source concepts

Every upstream concept that resolved to this record. The merge is the product: this is what shows ChEBI and CARD are describing the same structure.

Upstream concepts merged into this record
SourceNative IDLabelMinted CURIEVersion
ARO ARO:3007511 itraconazole antibioticmech:aro-47bcb54181 2026-08-30
CHEBI CHEBI:6076 itraconazole antibioticmech:chebi-126890f8e2 2026-08-30

Mechanism summary

Mode of action
ERGOSTEROL_PATHWAY_INHIBITION host shared target — Assigned from ChEBI role CHEBI:75282 (ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor). ChEBI asserts the role on the compound. The target it names is one the host has too, so the mechanism is true but is not evidence of selectivity — see mode_of_action_target_scope. Not a curator's mechanistic review.
Clinical status
APPROVED

Resistance mechanisms

54 source-backed resistance determinants or associations, with ARO grounding where reported. Grouped by reported mechanism type.

ANTIBIOTIC_TARGET_ALTERATION 24
ANTIBIOTIC_TARGET_ALTERATION
DeterminantARO IDOrganismGene familiesEvidence
Aspergillus awamori Cyp51a with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009507 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009507 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus flavus Cyp51A with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009495 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009495 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus flavus Cyp51c with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009282 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009282 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus fumigatus Hmg1 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009236 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009236 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus fumigatus Hmg2 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009368 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009368 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus fumigatus ase1 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009273 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009273 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus fumigatus cyp51a with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009202 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009202 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus spp. Hmg1 with mutations conferring resistance to triazoles antibiotics ARO:3007670 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3007670 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus spp. cyp51A with mutations conferring resistance to triazoles antibiotics ARO:3007565 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3007565 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus terreus cyp51a with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009206 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009206 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus tubingensis Cyp51a with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009509 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009509 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida albicans Cyp51 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009527 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009527 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida albicans Cyp51a with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009505 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009505 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida albicans Erg11 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009219 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009219 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida auris ERG11 lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009393 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009393 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida orthopsilosis ERG11 lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009580 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009580 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida spp. ERG11 with mutations conferring resistance to azole antibiotics ARO:3007524 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3007524 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida spp. cyp51A1 with mutations conferring resistance to triazoles and imidazole antibiotics ARO:3007666 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3007666 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida tropicalis Erg11 lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009583 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009583 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Colletotrichum truncatum cyp51a with mutations associated with resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009217 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009217 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Cryptococcus neoformans Erg11 lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009586 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009586 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Nakaseomyces glabratus FKS1 beta-1,3-glucan synthase with mutations associated with resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009614 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009614 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Nakaseomyces glabratus FKS2 beta-1,3-glucan synthase with mutations associated with resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009618 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009618 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ERG11 lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009589 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009589 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
UNKNOWN 21
UNKNOWN
DeterminantARO IDOrganismGene familiesEvidence
Aspergillus fumigatus HapE with mutations associated with resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009294 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009294 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
CYP51A transformant(CM2627-CYP51Apromoter(2x34bp tandem repeat) and CM2627-CYP51A(L98H)) (transformant) [Overexpression] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review mellado-2007-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, not an individual tested derivative or clinical donor. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. The combined source alteration remains intact, without assigning its effect to each component. Source phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain CM237 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:17371828 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.01092-06 (Identifier-scope review: Results: clinical isolates and separate recipient backgrounds, Table 4 and its subject-identity footnote, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
Candida albicans TAC1 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009428 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009428 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
ERG11(Y132F F145L) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review flowers-2015-reference-context: The strain label denotes the susceptible parent background, not either tested replicate or a clinical donor. UniProtKB:P10613 and the retained gene_id identify the reference ERG11 locus, not an exact experimental allele. Deposited clinical-source proteins are separate evidence; no isolate join, coordinate normalization or attribution of a combined genotype's effect to each component is inferred. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:237561; protein_accession=UniProtKB:P10613.		 — Candida albicans NCBITaxon:5476
strain SC5314 C5_00660C_A-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:25385095 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1132; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.03470-14 (Identifier-scope review: Table 1, Results and Figure 2, Table 3: separate clinical cohort, UniProtKB release 2026_03: P10613 entry 179, sequence version 2; EnsemblFungi cross-reference. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
ERG3delta (deletion) associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review rybak-2017-albicans-reference-context: The retained strain label is parent background, not the tested deletion derivative. UniProtKB:Q59VG6 and the retained gene_id ground the reference ERG3 locus. Reference protein and strain TaxID are not derivative identifiers. Native clinical-isolate and laboratory observations remain separate; no MIC or exact derivative identifier is inferred. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:237561; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q59VG6.		 — Candida albicans NCBITaxon:5476
strain SC5314 C1_04770C_A-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:28630186 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1133; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.00651-17 (Identifier-scope review: Results: ERG3 disruption comparisons, Strain table: parent and derivative rows, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q59VG6 entry 109, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
ERG3delta (deletion) associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review rybak-2017-parapsilosis-reference-context: UniProtKB:G8B7T4 / CPAR2_105550 and strain TaxID 578454 identify CDC 317 reference context, not a clinical isolate or tested derivative. The source row does not uniquely resolve either tested background. Its deletion claim is not the native clinical variant; no individual isolate, clinical protein, genome or MIC is assigned. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:578454; protein_accession=UniProtKB:G8B7T4.		 — Candida parapsilosis NCBITaxon:5480
strain Unknown strain
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:28630186 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:8772; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.00651-17 (Identifier-scope review: Results: clinical isolates and ERG3 disruption comparisons, Strain table: two clinical backgrounds and their derivatives, UniProtKB release 2026_03: G8B7T4 entry 50, sequence version 1; EMBL and CGD cross-references. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
HapE transformant(Isolate3-HapE(P88L)) (transformant) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review camps-2012-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, not either later tested replicate or the native clinical isolate. UniProtKB:Q4WDM9 / AFUA_6G05300 and TaxID 330879 denote Af293 reference context. Reference-guided sequence analysis does not identify a clinical or experimental subject as Af293. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WDM9.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain akuBKU80
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:23226235 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:8691; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0050034 (Identifier-scope review: Results sections s3a-s3b: clinical series and reference genomes, Results section s3d and Table 7: later experimental groups, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WDM9 entry 125, sequence version 1; AFUA_6G05300 reference crosswalk and taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
algAdelta (deletion) associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review wei-2016-reference-context-followup: The source strain label denotes a parent background, not an individual tested derivative. Af293 and A1163/CEA10 UniProt entries and strain TaxIDs describe reference context. The retained gene_id is a reference-locus identifier, not an experimental allele. Increased frequency of later colonies is distinct from baseline susceptibility, and plate growth is not a broth MIC or a clinical resistance category. These endpoint distinctions remain review limitations, not new activity observations. Source alterations, phenotypes and assays are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:451804; protein_accession=UniProtKB:B0XYD8.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain A1160C
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:27799210 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:8688; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.02101-16 (Identifier-scope review: Results and Figures 1-4: baseline parent versus separate tested groups, Tables 1-2: subject identity and distinct assay endpoints, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146; B0XYD8 entry 86; B0Y628 entry 66; all sequence version 1; reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cox10 transformant(W004-cox10(R243Q)) (transformant) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review wei-2016-reference-context-followup: The source strain label denotes a parent background, not an individual tested derivative. Af293 and A1163/CEA10 UniProt entries and strain TaxIDs describe reference context. The retained gene_id is a reference-locus identifier, not an experimental allele. Increased frequency of later colonies is distinct from baseline susceptibility, and plate growth is not a broth MIC or a clinical resistance category. These endpoint distinctions remain review limitations, not new activity observations. Source alterations, phenotypes and assays are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:451804; protein_accession=UniProtKB:B0Y628.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain A1160C
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:27799210 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:8689; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.02101-16 (Identifier-scope review: Results and Figures 1-4: baseline parent versus separate tested groups, Tables 1-2: subject identity and distinct assay endpoints, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146; B0XYD8 entry 86; B0Y628 entry 66; all sequence version 1; reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A transformant(H10-1-50A-cyp51A(N22D)) (transformant) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review ferreira-2004-reference-context: The source CEA17 label denotes the parent background, not an individual descendant or later tested derivative. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5, the retained gene_id and TaxID 330879 describe the Af293 reference locus and strain. A shared source alteration does not uniquely identify one experimental subject. Source alterations, phenotypes and assays are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain CEA17 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:15504870 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.48.11.4405-4413.2004 (Identifier-scope review: Results and Discussion: separately named descendant groups and parent comparison, Results: distinction between source isolates and subsequent experimental recipients, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; reference locus and taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A transformant(H10-2-50A-cyp51A(M220I)) (transformant) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review ferreira-2004-reference-context: The source CEA17 label denotes the parent background, not an individual descendant or later tested derivative. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5, the retained gene_id and TaxID 330879 describe the Af293 reference locus and strain. A shared source alteration does not uniquely identify one experimental subject. Source alterations, phenotypes and assays are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain CEA17 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:15504870 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.48.11.4405-4413.2004 (Identifier-scope review: Results and Discussion: separately named descendant groups and parent comparison, Results: distinction between source isolates and subsequent experimental recipients, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; reference locus and taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A transformant(W601-cyp51A(F219L)) (transformant) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review wei-2016-reference-context-followup: The source strain label denotes a parent background, not an individual tested derivative. Af293 and A1163/CEA10 UniProt entries and strain TaxIDs describe reference context. The retained gene_id is a reference-locus identifier, not an experimental allele. Increased frequency of later colonies is distinct from baseline susceptibility, and plate growth is not a broth MIC or a clinical resistance category. These endpoint distinctions remain review limitations, not new activity observations. Source alterations, phenotypes and assays are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain A1160C Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:27799210 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.02101-16 (Identifier-scope review: Results and Figures 1-4: baseline parent versus separate tested groups, Tables 1-2: subject identity and distinct assay endpoints, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146; B0XYD8 entry 86; B0Y628 entry 66; all sequence version 1; reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(G54E) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review diaz-guerra-2003-reference-context: The source CM237 label denotes a parent background, distinct from the clinical donor and the two later tested recipients. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5, the retained gene_id and TaxID 330879 identify Af293 reference context, not those subjects. Donor identity is not recipient identity. Source alterations, phenotypes and assays are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain CM237 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:12604551 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.47.3.1120-1124.2003 (Identifier-scope review: Results: control, clinical donor and two separate tested recipients, Table 1: clinical-series context is distinct from the later experimental groups, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; reference locus and taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(G54E) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review nascimento-2003-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, not one of the separately labeled tested derivatives. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. A shared alteration does not uniquely identify an experimental subject. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain H11-20 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:12709346 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.47.5.1719-1726.2003 (Identifier-scope review: Strains and culture conditions: parent identity, Results and Table 1: parent and separately labeled derivatives, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(G54K) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review nascimento-2003-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, not one of the separately labeled tested derivatives. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. A shared alteration does not uniquely identify an experimental subject. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain H11-20 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:12709346 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.47.5.1719-1726.2003 (Identifier-scope review: Strains and culture conditions: parent identity, Results and Table 1: parent and separately labeled derivatives, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(G54R) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review mann-2003-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, not a uniquely resolved tested derivative or clinical isolate. The later recipient background is distinct from the original parent. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain ND158 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:12543662 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.47.2.577-581.2003 (Identifier-scope review: Strains and plasmids: background identity, Results and Tables 1-2: distinct subject groups, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(G54R) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review nascimento-2003-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, not one of the separately labeled tested derivatives. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. A shared alteration does not uniquely identify an experimental subject. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain H11-20 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:12709346 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.47.5.1719-1726.2003 (Identifier-scope review: Strains and culture conditions: parent identity, Results and Table 1: parent and separately labeled derivatives, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(G54W) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review mann-2003-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, not a uniquely resolved tested derivative or clinical isolate. The later recipient background is distinct from the original parent. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain ND158 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:12543662 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.47.2.577-581.2003 (Identifier-scope review: Strains and plasmids: background identity, Results and Tables 1-2: distinct subject groups, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(M220K) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review mellado-2004-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, distinct from clinical donors and later tested derivatives. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. Donor identity is not recipient identity. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain CM237 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:15215142 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.48.7.2747-2750.2004 (Identifier-scope review: Fungal strains and antifungal susceptibility testing: parent and clinical isolates, Results and Table 1: distinct parent, donor and tested-subject identities, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(M220T) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review mellado-2004-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, distinct from clinical donors and later tested derivatives. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. Donor identity is not recipient identity. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain CM237 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:15215142 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.48.7.2747-2750.2004 (Identifier-scope review: Fungal strains and antifungal susceptibility testing: parent and clinical isolates, Results and Table 1: distinct parent, donor and tested-subject identities, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
cyp51A(M220V) (amino acid mutation) [Not assayed] associated with resistance to itraconazole
This is a curated gene-alteration/chemical resistance association, not evidence for a specific biochemical resistance mechanism. Grounding review mellado-2004-fumigatus-reference-context: The strain label denotes a parent background, distinct from clinical donors and later tested derivatives. UniProtKB:Q4WNT5 and the retained gene_id denote the Af293 reference locus; TaxID 330879 is reference-only. Donor identity is not recipient identity. Source alterations and phenotypes are unchanged; exact subject protein, strain TaxID and genome remain unresolved. Reference-only source identifiers: strain_taxon_id=NCBITaxon:330879; protein_accession=UniProtKB:Q4WNT5.		 — Aspergillus fumigatus NCBITaxon:746128
strain CM237 Afu4g06890-T
PHIPO:0000675		 —
  • PMID:15215142 (PHI-base primary-literature antimicrobial interaction PHIG:1837; joined to this record by exact ChEBI identifier.)
  • DOI:10.1128/aac.48.7.2747-2750.2004 (Identifier-scope review: Fungal strains and antifungal susceptibility testing: parent and clinical isolates, Results and Table 1: distinct parent, donor and tested-subject identities, UniProtKB release 2026_03: Q4WNT5 entry 146, sequence version 1; EnsemblFungi cross-reference and reference taxonomy. Reviewed 2026-10-08 by codex; curation/phibase_grounding_reviews.json SHA-256 1f5d50346b2916fce10969afa8d6409ea836dd15e8cf7fe3cfa3a78d6289b4ed.)
Cell growth assay
ANTIBIOTIC_EFFLUX 9
ANTIBIOTIC_EFFLUX
DeterminantARO IDOrganismGene familiesEvidence
Aspergillus fumigatus MDR3 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009452 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009452 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Aspergillus fumigatus MDR4 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009453 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009453 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Candida albicans MDR1 with mutations conferring resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009448 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009448 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Cryptococcus neoformans AFR1 with mutations conferring resistance against itraconazole ARO:3009434 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009434 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Trychophyton rubrum Mdr2 with mutations associated with resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009253 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009253 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Trychophyton rubrum Mdr3 with mutations associated with resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009255 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009255 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Trychophyton rubrum Mdr5 with mutations associated with resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009259 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009259 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Trychophyton rubrum Mfs1 with mutations associated with resistance to itraconazole ARO:3009262 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009262 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
fungal MDR ARO:3009425 not organism-specific —
  • ARO:3009425 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3007511 (itraconazole); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

Curation history

  1. SEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources

    Seeded from data/raw/ inventories (ARO, CHEBI)

  2. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  3. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  4. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  5. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  6. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  7. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-02 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  8. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-03 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  9. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-03 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  10. RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-10 · seed_from_sources

    Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories

  11. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Applied 1 pinned subject-context reviews, retaining reference-locus grounding while withholding unverified experimental protein/strain identifiers. Source alterations, phenotypes, species, genes, and existing activities unchanged. Refreshed provenance checksums on any previously reviewed claims. ERG11 parent, replicate and clinical-donor contexts remain separate.

  12. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the whole-file PHI-base review checksum after Eddouzi subject reviews; all biological fields and prior decisions unchanged.

  13. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Scoped two imported ERG3 associations: reference proteins and strain TaxIDs are not experimental-subject identifiers. Retained source species, background labels, alterations and phenotypes; clinical isolates remain separate. Existing activities and curator claims unchanged; refreshed older review checksums.

  14. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the whole-file PHI-base review checksum after carboxin reference-context reviews; all biological fields, activities and previous decisions unchanged.

  15. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the whole-file PHI-base review checksum after two additional carboxin identifier-scope corrections; all biological fields, activities and previous decisions unchanged.

  16. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the whole-file PHI-base review checksum after eleven additional identifier-scope corrections; biological fields, activities and decisions unchanged.

  17. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Scoped imported associations to the reported parent background: Af293 reference protein and strain TaxID are not tested-subject identities. Source alterations, phenotypes, assays and clinical activities unchanged; no exact allele or genome inferred.

  18. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the whole-file PHI-base review checksum after one yeast identity-scope correction; biological fields, activities and prior decisions unchanged.

  19. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Scoped imported reference protein and strain TaxID to provenance, not tested-subject identity. Source parent labels, alterations, phenotypes and assays preserved; no experimental allele, genome or activity measurement inferred.

  20. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the shared PHI-base review checksum after nine identifier-scope corrections; previous decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  21. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the shared PHI-base review checksum after six identifier-scope corrections; previous decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  22. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the shared PHI-base review checksum after eight subject-identity corrections; previous decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  23. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Darlington subject correction; prior review decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  24. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Nakayama reference-scope review; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  25. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Duan reference-scope review; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  26. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Piotrowska parent-reference review; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  27. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Xu subject and species corrections; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  28. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Shima parent-reference review; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  29. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Mehrabi parent-reference review; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  30. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-08 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Huang parent-reference review; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  31. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-09 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the HDF1 subject-reference review; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  32. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-09 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the Fouche parent-cohort review; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  33. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_REFERENCE_CONTEXT 2026-10-09 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed shared PHI-base review checksum after the SDH8 reference-alias correction; prior decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  34. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-09 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the shared PHI-base review checksum after the Posteraro subject-context review; previous decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  35. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_REFERENCE_CONTEXT 2026-10-12 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the shared PHI-base review checksum after four reference-identifier scope corrections; previous decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

  36. REVIEWED_RESISTANCE_SUBJECT_CONTEXT 2026-10-13 · codex · LLM-assisted

    Refreshed the shared PHI-base review checksum after one Neurospora subject-context correction; previous decisions, biological fields and activities unchanged.

Provenance

Seeded by scripts/seed_from_sources.py from the committed inventories in data/raw/. View the record (YAML).

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