isoniazide

CHEBI:6030 ·resolve ·ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL ·EXACT SEEDED

A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation between pyridine-4-carboxylic acid and hydrazine. — ChEBI

Machine-generated and unreviewed. Identity, structure and cross-references come straight from ChEBI's and CARD's own data; no curator has signed off on this record yet.

Classification

isoniazid-like antibioticARO:3007152

Strictly broader compounds or drug classes this molecule belongs to.

Label unavailable CHEBI:35363
isoniazid-like antibiotic ARO:3007152

Chemical structure

Computed structure properties
Molecular formula	C6H7N3O
Charge	0
Average mass	137.142 Da
Monoisotopic mass	137.05891 Da
Source	ChEBI
InChIKey	QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

NNC(=O)c1ccncc1

InChI

InChI=1S/C6H7N3O/c7-9-6(10)5-1-3-8-4-2-5/h1-4H,7H2,(H,9,10)

Also called

pyridine-4-carbohydrazide (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
4-pyridinecarbohydrazide (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
Isoniazid (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
Isonicotinsäurehydrazid (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
isonicotinic acid hydrazide (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
isonicotinic hydrazide (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
isonicotinohydrazide (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
isonicotinoylhydrazide (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
pyridine-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide (EXACT_SYNONYM)— chebi
isoniazid (RELATED_SYNONYM)— chebi

Cross-references

Identifiers for this same structure in other resources. An accession that lands on two different structures in this corpus is withheld from both rather than shown here, since it names at most one of them.

Drug registries

Identifiers that name a drug rather than a structure. One of these can cover a parent compound, its salts and its stereoisomers, which this corpus keeps as separate records, so it is not an equivalence of structure.

Patents and articles

Documents about this compound. A patent covers a class and an article covers a topic; neither identifies a structure.

wikipedia.en:Isoniazid

Activity roles

Every antimicrobial role a source asserts for this compound — the unreduced evidence behind its antimicrobial_class.

antitubercular agent CHEBI:33231

Source concepts

Every upstream concept that resolved to this record. The merge is the product: this is what shows ChEBI and CARD are describing the same structure.

Upstream concepts merged into this record
Source	Native ID	Label	Minted CURIE	Version
ARO	`ARO:3000520`	isoniazid	`antibioticmech:aro-416e3ef585`	2026-08-30
CHEBI	`CHEBI:6030`	isoniazide	`antibioticmech:chebi-b63c959909`	2026-08-30

Molecular targets

The molecular entity or process this compound acts on. Each target carries evidence — this is a mechanistic claim, not a classification.

mycolic acid synthesis enzyme targeted by antibiotic PROTEIN DIRECT_BINDING_TARGET

ARO:3000716

CARD/ARO database assertion; target organism, strain, and assay are not specified. ARO asserts enzymes in mycolic-acid synthesis as targets without naming a downstream process. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE_NEEDED. Source: CARD_ARO 2026-08-30 (retrieved 2026-08-30).

ARO:3000716 (CARD/ARO asserts targeted_by_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

antibiotic sensitive inhA PROTEIN DIRECT_BINDING_TARGET

ARO:3003426

CARD/ARO database assertion; target organism, strain, and assay are not specified. InhA is asserted as the antibiotic-sensitive enzyme. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE_NEEDED. Source: CARD_ARO 2026-08-30 (retrieved 2026-08-30).

ARO:3003426 (CARD/ARO asserts targeted_by_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

antibiotic sensitive kasA PROTEIN DIRECT_BINDING_TARGET

ARO:3003478

CARD/ARO database assertion; target organism, strain, and assay are not specified. KasA is asserted as the antibiotic-sensitive enzyme. Evidence status: PRIMARY_EVIDENCE_NEEDED. Source: CARD_ARO 2026-08-30 (retrieved 2026-08-30).

ARO:3003478 (CARD/ARO asserts targeted_by_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

Mechanism summary

Clinical status: APPROVED

Activity spectrum

Measured or curated activity against specific taxa. A number without a method is not an observation — every row here carries an assay.

400 observations · Browse all observations · Complete record (JSON.gz)

Observations 1–20 of 400

Activity observations
Organism	Activity	MIC	Disk diffusion	Assay	Strain	Sample/genome	Evidence
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	RESISTANT	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; liquid media; MGIT; MGIT960	—	942 source isolates 942 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	SUSCEPTIBLE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; liquid media; MGIT; MGIT960	—	738 source isolates 738 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	INTERMEDIATE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; liquid media; microdilution plate; MODS; critical concentration 0.4 mg/L	—	23 source isolates 23 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	RESISTANT	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; liquid media; microdilution plate; MODS; critical concentration 0.4 mg/L	—	591 source isolates 591 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	SUSCEPTIBLE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; liquid media; microdilution plate; MODS; critical concentration 0.4 mg/L	—	1489 source isolates 1489 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	INTERMEDIATE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; not specified	—	1 source isolates 1 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	RESISTANT	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; not specified	—	303 source isolates 303 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	SUSCEPTIBLE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; not specified	—	408 source isolates 408 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	INTERMEDIATE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; solid media	—	3 source isolates 3 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	RESISTANT	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; solid media	—	952 source isolates 952 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	SUSCEPTIBLE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2020; solid media	—	765 source isolates 765 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	INTERMEDIATE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; liquid media; MGIT; MGIT960	—	1 source isolates 1 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	RESISTANT	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; liquid media; MGIT; MGIT960	—	524 source isolates 524 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	SUSCEPTIBLE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; liquid media; MGIT; MGIT960	—	735 source isolates 735 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	INTERMEDIATE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; liquid media; microdilution plate; MODS; critical concentration 0.4 mg/L	—	3 source isolates 3 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	RESISTANT	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; liquid media; microdilution plate; MODS; critical concentration 0.4 mg/L	—	238 source isolates 238 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	SUSCEPTIBLE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; liquid media; microdilution plate; MODS; critical concentration 0.4 mg/L	—	59 source isolates 59 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	INTERMEDIATE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; not specified	—	1 source isolates 1 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	RESISTANT	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; not specified	—	3 source isolates 3 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex	SUSCEPTIBLE	—	—	CRyPTIC DST; CLIRES2023; not specified	—	15 source isolates 15 measurements	Evidence Page data (JSON.gz)

Resistance mechanisms

22 source-backed resistance determinants or associations, with ARO grounding where reported. Grouped by reported mechanism type.

ANTIBIOTIC_TARGET_ALTERATION 20

ANTIBIOTIC_TARGET_ALTERATION
Determinant	ARO ID	Organism	Gene families	Evidence
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1258c mutations confer resistance to pyrazinamide, isoniazid, and streptomycin	ARO:3007186	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3007186 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ahpC mutations confer resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004921	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004921 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ethA mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3005105	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3005105 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis fabG1 mutations confer resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004922	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004922 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis furA mutations confer resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004923	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004923 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis inbR mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004924	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004924 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhA mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3003393	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003393 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis iniA mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3007798	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3007798 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis kasA mutant conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3003463	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003463 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis katG mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3003392	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003392 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis mmaA3 mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004929	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004929 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis mshA mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004925	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004925 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis mshC mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004927	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004927 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis mymA mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004928	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004928 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis nat mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004930	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004930 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ndh with mutation conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3003461	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003461 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis nudC mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004931	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004931 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis sigI mutations conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3004932	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3004932 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis ndh with mutation conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3003779	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003779 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
Mycolicibacterium smegmatis ndh with mutation conferring resistance to isoniazid	ARO:3003778	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003778 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

ANTIBIOTIC_EFFLUX 2

ANTIBIOTIC_EFFLUX
Determinant	ARO ID	Organism	Gene families	Evidence
efpA	ARO:3003955	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3003955 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)
putative nickel/cobalt transporter	ARO:3007659	not organism-specific	—	ARO:3007659 (CARD/ARO asserts confers_resistance_to_antibiotic ARO:3000520 (isoniazid); database assertion, not a primary citation.)

Curation history

SEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Seeded from data/raw/ inventories (ARO, CHEBI)
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-30 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-08-31 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-10 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded from updated data/raw/ inventories
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-09-26 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded; changed: activity_spectrum (CRYPTIC 3.4.0). Upstream retrieval date 2026-08-30, unchanged.
RESEEDED_FROM_SOURCES 2026-10-05 · seed_from_sources
Re-seeded; changed: activity_membership_collections (CRYPTIC 3.4.0). Upstream retrieval date 2026-08-30, unchanged.

Provenance

Seeded by scripts/seed_from_sources.py from the committed inventories in data/raw/. View the record (YAML).

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