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Chicken BL6 Anti-Salmonella SynCom

Community ID CommunityMech:000346
Ecological State ENGINEERED
Environment chicken intestine — ontology label: intestine
UBERON:0000160 · HabitatMech ↗

A defined six-strain synthetic consortium, BL6, assembled from Wenchang and Danzhou chicken gut isolates with in vitro anti-Salmonella activity. The consortium contains Bacillus velezensis CMLH125, Ligilactobacillus salivarius CMLH112, novel Bacillus sp. CMLH124, Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106, Lactobacillus crispatus CMLH109, and Lactobacillus gallinarum CMLH110. The strains were normalized after 72 h of cultivation, combined in equal proportions, washed, and resuspended in PBS with 20% glycerol for oral gavage of 1-day-old chicks before Salmonella Typhimurium challenge. In the chick model, BL6 mitigated Salmonella-associated intestinal injury, helped maintain barrier and liver function, reduced systemic inflammatory responses, and favored sustained Lactobacillus enrichment in the ileal microbiota.

Taxonomy

Taxon Ontology ID Functional Roles Abundance
Bacillus velezensis CMLH125 — ontology label: Bacillus velezensis NCBITaxon:492670 · TaxonMech · TraitMech
PATHOGEN_ANTAGONIST
DOMINANT
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)
    "Bacillus velezensis CMLH125, Ligilactobacillus salivarius CMLH112, Bacillus sp. CMLH124, Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106, Lactobacillus crispatus CMLH109, and Lactobacillus gallinarum CMLH110."
Ligilactobacillus salivarius CMLH112 — ontology label: Ligilactobacillus salivarius NCBITaxon:1624 · TaxonMech · TraitMech
PATHOGEN_ANTAGONIST
DOMINANT
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)
    "Ligilactobacillus salivarius CMLH112, Bacillus sp. CMLH124, Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106, Lactobacillus crispatus CMLH109"
Bacillus sp. CMLH124 — ontology label: Bacillus <firmicutes> NCBITaxon:1386 · TaxonMech · TraitMech
PATHOGEN_ANTAGONIST
DOMINANT
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)
    "Bacillus velezensis CMLH125, Ligilactobacillus salivarius CMLH112, Bacillus sp. CMLH124, Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106"
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)
    "CMLH124 showed only 93.27% ANI with its closest relative, Bacillus vallismortis"
Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106 — ontology label: Lactobacillus johnsonii NCBITaxon:33959 · TaxonMech · TraitMech
PATHOGEN_ANTAGONIST
DOMINANT
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)
    "Bacillus sp. CMLH124, Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106, Lactobacillus crispatus CMLH109, and Lactobacillus gallinarum CMLH110."
Lactobacillus crispatus CMLH109 — ontology label: Lactobacillus crispatus NCBITaxon:47770 · TaxonMech · TraitMech
PATHOGEN_ANTAGONIST
DOMINANT
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)
    "Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106, Lactobacillus crispatus CMLH109, and Lactobacillus gallinarum CMLH110."
Lactobacillus gallinarum CMLH110 — ontology label: Lactobacillus gallinarum NCBITaxon:52242 · TaxonMech · TraitMech
PATHOGEN_ANTAGONIST
DOMINANT
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)
    "Lactobacillus gallinarum CMLH110."

Ecological Interactions

The graph shows only explicitly linked interaction participants. Community members without an asserted participant link are omitted; membership alone does not imply an interaction.

Ecological interaction network for Chicken BL6 Anti-Salmonella SynCom Bipartite graph where circles represent taxa and non-circular symbols represent interactions. Rare or untyped interactions share the Other symbol; exact curated types remain in the interaction details.
Taxon
Other

BL6 Anti-Salmonella Protection

Early BL6 gavage was associated with improved ileal histology and altered serum markers after Salmonella Typhimurium challenge. Barrier-associated MUC2/ZO-1 transcripts increased at day 7, not day 14; these are not direct permeability measurements. Relative Lactobacillus enrichment does not establish persistence of the inoculated strains or mediation of protection. The measured host outcomes are not proof of pathogen eradication or reciprocal-negative competition.

Biological Processes:

Evidence

  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VIVO)
    "BL6 confers multifaceted protection against Salmonella infection in chicks"
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VIVO)
    "BL6 can modulate the gut microbiota dysbiosis in chicks caused by Salmonella infection, particularly through enriching Lactobacillus."

Knowledge gaps & discussions (1)

KNOWLEDGE_GAP OPEN Which BL6 members and effectors mediate protection, and do they reduce pathogen load?

PMID:42351244 reports cell-free-supernatant inhibition, host outcomes and relative microbiota composition. The read main-text methods and results did not identify direct pathogen-load quantification; supplements and figure images remain unread. Predicted antimicrobial/siderophore genes are not demonstrated active effectors. Strain-resolved persistence, direct permeability and reciprocal fitness remain unresolved.

Attaches to: ecological_interactions#BL6 Anti-Salmonella Protection

External Resources

Name Repository Resource ID
Primary publication - Chicken BL6 Anti-Salmonella SynCom
Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2026 primary article describing construction of the six-strain BL6 chicken-gut consortium and its testing in Salmonella Typhimurium-challenged chicks. 		OTHER PMID:42351244
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)
    "This study aimed to construct a microbial consortium from these native chicken breeds and evaluate its efficacy in protecting chicks from Salmonella infection."

Environmental Factors

Factor Value Unit
early-life BL6 gavage and Salmonella Typhimurium challenge BL6 was administered by oral gavage for four days to 1-day-old chicks before Salmonella Typhimurium challenge for two days. N/A
  • PMID:42351244 - SUPPORT (IN_VIVO)
    "chicks received daily oral gavage of BL6 for 4 d, followed by challenge with S . Typhimurium for 2 d."

Growth Media

BL6 strain growth medium and PBS-glycerol inoculum preparation

Preparation notes: Each BL6 strain was subcultured daily by 1:10 transfer into fresh medium. After 72 h, cultures were concentrated, normalized to OD600 1.3, combined in equal proportions, centrifuged, washed, and resuspended in PBS with 20% glycerol to prepare the BL6 gavage stock.

Evidence

PMID:42351244

"each strain in BL6 was subcultured daily by transferring a 1:10 inoculum into fresh growth medium."

PMID:42351244

"After 72 h of cultivation, each bacterial culture was concentrated and normalized to an OD 600 of 1.3"

PMID:42351244

"cultures were combined in equal proportions, centrifuged, washed, and finally resuspended in PBS with 20% glycerol"

Cross-Mech Suite Links

Explore related entities across the CultureBotAI X-Mech knowledge bases:

HabitatMech: chicken intestine ↗ TaxonMech: Bacillus velezensis CMLH125 ↗ TraitMech: Bacillus velezensis CMLH125 ↗ TaxonMech: Ligilactobacillus salivarius CMLH112 ↗ TraitMech: Ligilactobacillus salivarius CMLH112 ↗ TaxonMech: Bacillus sp. CMLH124 ↗ TraitMech: Bacillus sp. CMLH124 ↗ TaxonMech: Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106 ↗ TraitMech: Lactobacillus johnsonii CMLH106 ↗ TaxonMech: Lactobacillus crispatus CMLH109 ↗ TraitMech: Lactobacillus crispatus CMLH109 ↗ TaxonMech: Lactobacillus gallinarum CMLH110 ↗ TraitMech: Lactobacillus gallinarum CMLH110 ↗ CultureMech Growth Media ↗ PathwayMech Pathways ↗