A defined anaerobic three-member dechlorinating consortium containing Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195, Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, and Pelosinus fermentans R7. In cobalamin-free, TCE- and lactate-amended medium supplemented with the lower ligand DMB, DvH supplies hydrogen while PfR7 supplies corrinoids that Dhc195 salvages and remodels into cobalamin. The triculture is relevant to DOE subsurface bioremediation because it identifies separable hydrogen-transfer and corrinoid-transfer mechanisms that support organohalide respiration in chlorinated-solvent dechlorinating communities.
Taxonomy
| Taxon | Ontology ID | Functional Roles | Abundance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195 — ontology label: Dehalococcoides mccartyi 195 | NCBITaxon:243164 · TaxonMech · TraitMech |
PRIMARY_DEGRADER
SYNTROPHIC_PARTNER
|
DOMINANT |
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| Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough — ontology label: Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris str. Hildenborough | NCBITaxon:882 · TaxonMech · TraitMech |
SECONDARY_FERMENTER
SYNTROPHIC_PARTNER
CROSS_FEEDER
|
COMMON |
|
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| Pelosinus fermentans R7 — ontology label: Pelosinus fermentans DSM 17108 | NCBITaxon:1122947 · TaxonMech · TraitMech |
SECONDARY_FERMENTER
CROSS_FEEDER
|
COMMON |
|
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Ecological Interactions
The graph shows only explicitly linked interaction participants. Community members without an asserted participant link are omitted; membership alone does not imply an interaction.
Hydrogen Provision By Desulfovibrio
SYNTROPHYDvH ferments lactate and supplies hydrogen for Dhc195 reductive dechlorination in the defined triculture. Dhc195 hydrogen consumption supports DvH fermentative energetics. Sustainable growth in the cobalamin-free experiment additionally depends on the corrinoid-supplying partner and externally supplied DMB.
Source Taxon: Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough
Target Taxon: Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195
Metabolites: lactate (CHEBI:24996 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech), dihydrogen (CHEBI:18276 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech), trichloroethene (CHEBI:16602 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech)
Biological Processes:
- lactate catabolic process (GO:1903457 · PathwayMech)
- anaerobic respiration (GO:0009061 · PathwayMech)
DvH-supplied hydrogen supports the electron-donor requirement of Dhc195 in the lactate-fed triculture, together with partner corrinoids and externally supplied DMB. Hydrogen provision alone does not make the cobalamin-free two-member coculture sustainable.
Evidence
-
PMID:24463969 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"DvH provided hydrogen"
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PMID:24463969 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"trichloroethene (TCE)- and lactate-amended medium"
Corrinoid Provision By Pelosinus
CROSS_FEEDINGPfR7 supplies corrinoids to Dhc195 in the DMB-amended, cobalamin-free triculture. These include precursors for recipient remodeling; PfR7 can also form some cobalamin when supplied DMB. DMB is an external amendment, not a demonstrated PfR7 product, and recipient remodeling is not the only possible functional-cofactor route.
Source Taxon: Pelosinus fermentans R7
Target Taxon: Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195
Metabolites: cobalamin (CHEBI:30411 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech), 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (CHEBI:15890 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech)
Biological Processes:
- vitamin metabolic process (GO:0006766 · PathwayMech)
- cobalamin transport (GO:0015889 · PathwayMech)
PfR7 supplies corrinoid substrates that Dhc195 can salvage and remodel in the presence of externally supplied DMB. This does not exclude donor guided cobalamin biosynthesis or establish that all functional cofactor passes through recipient remodeling.
Evidence
-
PMID:24463969 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"PfR7 provided corrinoids to Dhc195"
-
PMID:24463969 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"physiological level of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB)"
Dhc195 Corrinoid Salvaging And Remodeling
Dhc195 salvages and remodels PfR7-derived corrinoids into cobalamin when DMB is supplied. Corrinoid profiles and laboratory transcript measurements support this recipient-intrinsic process, not another donor-to-recipient exchange or proof that induced transporter/remodeling genes are individually necessary.
Source Taxon: Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195
Metabolites: cobalamin (CHEBI:30411 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech), 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (CHEBI:15890 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech)
Biological Processes:
- vitamin metabolic process (GO:0006766 · PathwayMech)
- cobalamin transport (GO:0015889 · PathwayMech)
Recipient salvaging and remodeling contributes compatible cofactor for sustainable TCE dechlorination in the DMB-amended triculture when DvH supplies hydrogen. The source supports this route but does not selectively separate its contribution from cobalamin formed by the donor in the presence of DMB.
Evidence
-
PMID:24463969 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"imported and remodeled the phenolic corrinoids produced by PfR7 into cobalamin"
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PMID:24463969 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"CbiZ-dependent corrinoid-remodeling pathway and BtuFCD corrinoid ABC transporter genes"
Hydrogen- and Corrinoid-Supported TCE Dechlorination
The three-member lactate-fed consortium sustains TCE dechlorination and Dhc195 growth without exogenous cobalamin when DMB is supplied. DvH provides hydrogen and PfR7 corrinoids, with Dhc195 remodeling contributing compatible cofactor. This is a DMB-dependent community outcome, not self-sufficiency without any external lower ligand.
Participating Taxa: Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195, Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, Pelosinus fermentans R7
Metabolites: dihydrogen (CHEBI:18276 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech), cobalamin (CHEBI:30411 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech), 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (CHEBI:15890 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech), trichloroethene (CHEBI:16602 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech)
Biological Processes:
- anaerobic respiration (GO:0009061 · PathwayMech)
- cobalamin transport (GO:0015889 · PathwayMech)
Evidence
-
PMID:24463969 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"Only the triculture exhibited sustainable dechlorination and cell growth"
-
PMID:24463969 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"DvH provided hydrogen while PfR7 provided corrinoids to Dhc195"
Associated Datasets
| Dataset | Type | Repository | Accession |
|---|---|---|---|
|
GSE45533 Dhc195 corrinoid salvaging transcriptomics
GEO dataset for Dhc195 transcriptomic responses in defined DvH, PfR7, and triculture conditions. |
METATRANSCRIPTOMICS | OTHER | GSE45533 |
Knowledge gaps & discussions (1)
KNOWLEDGE_GAP OPEN How much functional cofactor comes from donor guided synthesis versus recipient remodeling?
The primary corrinoid profiles and transcript measurements support remodeling but do not selectively partition its contribution from PfR7 cobalamin production under DMB supplementation. Gene induction is not genetic necessity. All three arrows retain the external lower-ligand condition. Other observed fermentation relationships are not claimed to be exhaustively represented; no new node or arrow is introduced. Full main body and table text were read, not figure images or supplements. Non-graph follow-up: #1385.
Attaches to: ecological_interactions#Hydrogen Provision By Desulfovibrio, ecological_interactions#Corrinoid Provision By Pelosinus, ecological_interactions#Dhc195 Corrinoid Salvaging And Remodeling, ecological_interactions#Hydrogen- and Corrinoid-Supported TCE Dechlorination
External Resources
| Name | Repository | Resource ID |
|---|---|---|
|
Exact-system primary publication - Dhc195/DvH/PfR7 corrinoid triculture
Primary publication reporting Dhc195, DvH, and PfR7 defined consortia for corrinoid salvaging and remodeling. |
OTHER | PMID:24463969 |
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Exact-system GEO transcriptomics dataset - Dhc195/DvH/PfR7 conditions
GEO record for transcriptomic analyses associated with Dhc195 corrinoid salvaging and remodeling in defined consortia. |
OTHER | GSE45533 |
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Environmental Factors
| Factor | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Cobalamin-free medium | no exogenous cobalamin | N/A |
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| DMB lower-ligand supplement | physiological level of DMB | N/A |
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| Lactate and TCE amendment | lactate-amended medium with TCE | N/A |
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Growth Media
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