A defined cross-kingdom coculture of milk-kefir isolates Lentilactobacillus kefiri SLAM023B and Kluyveromyces marxianus SLAM005Y. One study reports complementary flavor-metabolism roles and enhanced ester synthesis during milk kefir fermentation; a second publication evaluates the same exact pair as a combined probiotic preparation in animal host models.
Taxonomy
| Taxon | Ontology ID | Functional Roles | Abundance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lentilactobacillus kefiri SLAM023B — ontology label: Lentilactobacillus kefiri | NCBITaxon:33962 · TaxonMech · TraitMech | N/A | |
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| Kluyveromyces marxianus SLAM005Y — ontology label: Kluyveromyces marxianus | NCBITaxon:4911 · TaxonMech · TraitMech | N/A | |
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Ecological Interactions
The graph shows only explicitly linked interaction participants. Community members without an asserted participant link are omitted; membership alone does not imply an interaction.
Genome-Predicted Flavor Metabolic Potential
Genome annotation predicts amino-acid, fatty-acid and alcohol/aldehyde/acid metabolism in SLAM023B and SLAM005Y. This is metabolic capacity, not measured expression, flux or exchanged precursors.
Participating Taxa: Lentilactobacillus kefiri SLAM023B, Kluyveromyces marxianus SLAM005Y
Metabolites: amino acid (CHEBI:33709 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech)
Biological Processes:
- amino acid metabolic process (GO:0006520 · PathwayMech)
Evidence
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PMID:42217781 - SUPPORT (COMPUTATIONAL)"Functional annotation via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway mapping revealed featured pathways including AA and fatty acid metabolism"
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PMID:42217781 - SUPPORT (COMPUTATIONAL)"interconversion of alcohol, aldehyde, and acid, contributing to the formation and generation of flavor compounds"
Strain-Resolved Flavor Metabolite Profiles
Milk assays show strain-associated volatile profiles. Yeast-associated alcohols and esters contrast with bacterial-associated aliphatic alcohol patterns. PARTIAL - predicted precursor roles and metabolite correlations do not establish transfer from bacterium to yeast or ecological niche partitioning.
Participating Taxa: Lentilactobacillus kefiri SLAM023B, Kluyveromyces marxianus SLAM005Y
Biological Processes:
- fermentation (GO:0006113 · PathwayMech)
Evidence
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PMID:42217781 - PARTIAL (IN_VITRO)"K. marxianus SLAM005Y produced fruity fusel alcohols, whereas L. kefiri SLAM023B contributed fatty acid-derived precursors"
Coculture Flavor And Growth Responses
In static milk at 25 degrees C for 48 hours, coculture increased viable counts and changed volatile profiles. Results report interactions for selected fatty-acid/aldehyde endpoints, but not for five yeast-associated volatiles including ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate. Measurements are normalized GC-MS peak areas, not sensory-panel scores. PARTIAL - abstract enhancement wording, Table3 means and a later Discussion comparator conflict; original figures need reconciliation. Higher counts and modest acidification do not identify a transferred growth factor or reproduce complete kefir fermentation.
Participating Taxa: Lentilactobacillus kefiri SLAM023B, Kluyveromyces marxianus SLAM005Y
Metabolites: ethyl acetate (CHEBI:27750 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech), isoamyl acetate (CHEBI:31725 · MediaIngredientMech · CMMMech)
Biological Processes:
- fermentation (GO:0006113 · PathwayMech)
Evidence
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PMID:42217781 - PARTIAL (IN_VITRO)"no significant effect of L. kefiri SLAM023B or strain interaction was detected"
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PMID:42217781 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"with notable interaction effects"
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PMID:42217781 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"cocultivation increased viable cell counts"
Potential Bacterial-Yeast Metabolite Exchange
HYPOTHESIZED - genomic potential and Spearman associations suggest complementary metabolism and possible cross-feeding. Neither donor-resolved transfer nor its necessary mediation of flavor or growth was established. Preserve positive coculture responses without converting correlation into a directed causal arrow.
Participating Taxa: Lentilactobacillus kefiri SLAM023B, Kluyveromyces marxianus SLAM005Y
Biological Processes:
- biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms (GO:0044419 · PathwayMech)
Evidence
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PMID:42217781 - PARTIAL (IN_VITRO)"Correlation analysis supported the complementary metabolic roles and potential cross-feeding mechanisms between the strains"
Knowledge gaps & discussions (1)
KNOWLEDGE_GAP OPEN Which metabolite transfers explain the responses, and how should conflicting ester comparisons be reconciled?
Retain positive strain-associated profiles, fatty-acid/aldehyde interactions and higher viable counts. Results report no bacterial main effect or strain interaction for ethyl acetate, isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl acetate and ethyl octanoate. Abstract/Table3/Discussion comparator wording conflicts; original figures, exact contrasts and raw data need verification. Genomic annotation and correlations do not trace transfer. Remove the two procedural nodes without restoring the five Oct02 workflow arrows. Public indexed body sections were read with gaps, not a complete body, original figures or supplements. Non-graph comparator and protocol metadata remain unresolved under #1536. No new causal structure or provider spend.
Attaches to: ecological_interactions#Genome-Predicted Flavor Metabolic Potential, ecological_interactions#Strain-Resolved Flavor Metabolite Profiles, ecological_interactions#Coculture Flavor And Growth Responses, ecological_interactions#Potential Bacterial-Yeast Metabolite Exchange
External Resources
| Name | Repository | Resource ID |
|---|---|---|
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Primary publication - exact-pair kefir flavor study
Genome-based and metabolite-validated flavor-development study of the exact SLAM023B-SLAM005Y coculture. |
OTHER | PMID:42217781 |
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Exact-composition publication - combined probiotic study
Independent in vivo study using the same K. marxianus SLAM005Y and L. kefiri SLAM023B composition as a combined probiotic preparation. |
OTHER | PMID:40969199 |
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Environmental Factors
| Factor | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Enhanced ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate synthesis | significantly enhanced in coculture | N/A |
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Growth Media
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