A defined aerobic two-isolate synthetic consortium pairing Rhizorhabdus wittichii YL-JM2C with the chloroaromatic-degrading strain reported as Cupriavidus necator JMP134 for 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) degradation. YL-JM2C uses the dioxygenase TcsAaAb to initiate BDE-47 conversion to 2,4-dibromophenol and 3,5-dibromocatechol; JMP134 hydroxylates the YL-JM2C dead-end 2,4-dibromophenol intermediate to 3,5-dibromocatechol, which can then enter an ortho-cleavage pathway in either strain. The bottom-up consortium removed BDE-47 from minimal salts medium and real wastewater microcosms.
Taxonomy
| Taxon | Ontology ID | Functional Roles | Abundance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rhizorhabdus wittichii YL-JM2C — ontology label: Rhizorhabdus wittichii | NCBITaxon:160791 · TaxonMech · TraitMech |
PRIMARY_DEGRADER
SYNTROPHIC_PARTNER
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DOMINANT |
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| Cupriavidus necator JMP134 — ontology label: Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 | NCBITaxon:264198 · TaxonMech · TraitMech |
PRIMARY_DEGRADER
CROSS_FEEDER
SYNTROPHIC_PARTNER
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DOMINANT |
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Ecological Interactions
The graph shows only explicitly linked interaction participants. Community members without an asserted participant link are omitted; membership alone does not imply an interaction.
YL-JM2C BDE-47 initiation
CROSS_FEEDINGRhizorhabdus wittichii YL-JM2C initiates aerobic BDE-47 oxidation through TcsAaAb, producing 2,4-dibromophenol and 3,5-dibromocatechol. The 2,4-DBP branch is a dead-end for YL-JM2C and becomes the substrate for JMP134 TfdB hydroxylation.
Source Taxon: Rhizorhabdus wittichii YL-JM2C
Target Taxon: Cupriavidus necator JMP134
Biological Processes:
- xenobiotic metabolic process (GO:0006805 · PathwayMech)
YL-JM2C-generated 2,4-dibromophenol is subsequently converted to 3,5-dibromocatechol by JMP134 TfdB.
Evidence
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PMID:42364169 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"TcsAaAb from strain YL-JM2C catalyzed the initial conversion of BDE-47 into 2,4-dibromophenol (2,4-DBP) and 3,5-dibromocatechol (3,5-DBC)"
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PMID:42364169 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"As a dead-end intermediate in strain YL-JM2C"
JMP134 2,4-dibromophenol conversion
Cupriavidus necator JMP134 hydroxylase TfdB converts the YL-JM2C dead-end 2,4-dibromophenol product to 3,5-dibromocatechol, linking YL-JM2C's initial BDE-47 attack to the downstream ortho-cleavage pathway shared by both strains. This is the recipient conversion step in the diffusible cross-feeding relay, not evidence of a reverse metabolite transfer or improved YL-JM2C fitness. Both strains having a downstream pathway does not demonstrate exchange of 3,5-DBC back to YL-JM2C.
Participating Taxa: Rhizorhabdus wittichii YL-JM2C, Cupriavidus necator JMP134
Biological Processes:
- xenobiotic metabolic process (GO:0006805 · PathwayMech)
JMP134 conversion of the YL-JM2C-derived 2,4-DBP prevents that intermediate from accumulating during consortium treatment. It is not required for disappearance of the parent BDE-47, which also occurred in the YL-JM2C monoculture.
Evidence
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PMID:42364169 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"2,4-DBP) was subsequently transformed into the latter (3,5-DBC) by the hydroxylase TfdB from strain JMP134"
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PMID:42364169 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"The resulting 3,5-DBC was catabolized through the downstream ortho-cleavage pathway present in both strains."
Consortium BDE-47 removal without 2,4-DBP accumulation
The mixed YL-JM2C/JMP134 consortium removes BDE-47 from minimal salts medium, releases bromide during low-concentration BDE-47 degradation, and fully removes BDE-47 from several amended real-wastewater microcosms. In the direct comparison, both the mixed culture and YL-JM2C alone removed BDE-47 within 20 hours, but only the monoculture accumulated stoichiometric 2,4-DBP. The consortium therefore clears this intermediate as well as the parent. Pathway reconstruction and bromide release support catabolism, not an empirical closed carbon balance or demonstrated donor-feedback benefit.
Participating Taxa: Rhizorhabdus wittichii YL-JM2C, Cupriavidus necator JMP134
Biological Processes:
- xenobiotic metabolic process (GO:0006805 · PathwayMech)
Evidence
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PMID:42364169 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"Bioaugmentation with this consortium achieved complete removal of BDE-47 in real wastewater samples."
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PMID:42364169 - SUPPORT (IN_VITRO)"BDE-47 degradation and bromide ion release by the synthetic consortium."
Associated Datasets
| Dataset | Type | Repository | Accession |
|---|---|---|---|
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Rhizorhabdus wittichii YL-JM2C genome assembly
NCBI BioProject for the complete genome assembly of strain YL-JM2C. |
GENOMICS | NCBI_BIOPROJECT | PRJNA1397584 |
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BDE-47 wastewater amplicon reads
NCBI BioProject for raw 16S amplicon sequencing reads from the wastewater microcosms. |
AMPLICON_16S | NCBI_BIOPROJECT | PRJNA1413899 |
Knowledge gaps & discussions (2)
CURATION_TODO OPEN The main text reports a YL-JM2C 2,4-DBP bottleneck, a JMP134 rescue step, and complete wastewater removal by the mixed consortium, but the machine-extracted supplement text did not recover every numeric point from the image-only figures.
A future curator should inspect the PDF figures for the precise BDE-47 residual time courses in the YL-JM2C monoculture, JMP134 monoculture, mixed, transwell, and wastewater panels.
1 evidence item(s)
KNOWLEDGE_GAP OPEN Does clearing 2,4-DBP feed back on YL-JM2C metabolism or fitness, and what is the carbon fate?
The main-text monoculture comparison and transwell experiment support diffusible intermediate cross-feeding. Parent disappearance occurs in YL-JM2C alone, while the partner prevents2,4-DBP accumulation. Current SYNTROPHY does not assert obligacy; the unresolved criterion is product-removal feedback making the donor metabolism more favourable. The demonstrated relay, functional enzymes, sequential growth and positive wastewater endpoints remain. They do not independently establish reciprocal fitness, return transfer of3,5-DBC or a closed carbon balance. Preserve the pre-existing image-panel curation task; this review did not inspect supplement pixels. Non-graph SYNTROPHIC_PARTNER roles remain for issue1753.
Attaches to: ecological_interactions#YL-JM2C BDE-47 initiation, ecological_interactions#JMP134 2,4-dibromophenol conversion, ecological_interactions#Consortium BDE-47 removal without 2,4-DBP accumulation
2 evidence item(s)
when strain YL-JM2C was inoculated alone, BDE-47 disappeared within 20 h but accompanying by stoichiometric accumulation of 2,4-DBP.
Main-text contrast distinguishes parent removal from clearance of the intermediate.
this metabolic relay is mediated by cross-feeding of diffusible metabolites rather than direct physical contact.
Transwell interpretation supports the positive cross-feeding relay, not reverse exchange or donor-feedback fitness.
External Resources
| Name | Repository | Resource ID |
|---|---|---|
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Primary publication - BDE-47 aerobic degradation SynCom
Primary ISME Journal study of the YL-JM2C/JMP134 BDE-47 degradation SynCom. |
OTHER | PMID:42364169 |
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Environmental Factors
| Factor | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| BDE-47 target pollutant | 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether | N/A |
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| Environmentally relevant BDE-47 degradation rate | 0.44 | h-1 |
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| Real-wastewater BDE-47 removal | complete removal | N/A |
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Growth Media
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