artificial_seawater_medium (CultureMech:000025)

Overview

External ontology

UTEX:artificial-seawater-medium (source link unavailable) — Artificial Seawater Medium

Applications

Algae cultivation
Phytoplankton culture
Microalgae research

pH

8.1

Notes

UTEX prepares Artificial Seawater Medium from dH2O, salts, Tricine buffer, P-II Metal Solution, Chelated Iron Solution, NH4Cl, and Vitamin B12 adjusted to pH 8.1 and 18 ppt salinity.

Composition

flowchart LR
    CultureMech_000025["artificial_seawater_medium"]
    ing0_dH2O["dH2O"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing0_dH2O
    CHEBI_15377["CHEBI:15377"]
    ing0_dH2O -.-> CHEBI_15377
    ing1_NaCl["NaCl"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing1_NaCl
    CHEBI_26710["CHEBI:26710"]
    ing1_NaCl -.-> CHEBI_26710
    ing2_MgSO4_x_7_H2O["MgSO4 x 7 H2O"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing2_MgSO4_x_7_H2O
    CHEBI_31795["CHEBI:31795"]
    ing2_MgSO4_x_7_H2O -.-> CHEBI_31795
    ing3_KCl["KCl"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing3_KCl
    CHEBI_32588["CHEBI:32588"]
    ing3_KCl -.-> CHEBI_32588
    ing4_NaNO3["NaNO3"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing4_NaNO3
    CHEBI_63005["CHEBI:63005"]
    ing4_NaNO3 -.-> CHEBI_63005
    ing5_CaCl2_x_2_H2O["CaCl2 x 2 H2O"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing5_CaCl2_x_2_H2O
    CHEBI_86158["CHEBI:86158"]
    ing5_CaCl2_x_2_H2O -.-> CHEBI_86158
    ing6_KH2PO4["KH2PO4"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing6_KH2PO4
    CHEBI_63036["CHEBI:63036"]
    ing6_KH2PO4 -.-> CHEBI_63036
    ing7_Tricine["Tricine"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing7_Tricine
    CHEBI_46760["CHEBI:46760"]
    ing7_Tricine -.-> CHEBI_46760
    ing8_NH4Cl["NH4Cl"]
    CultureMech_000025 --> ing8_NH4Cl
    CHEBI_31206["CHEBI:31206"]
    ing8_NH4Cl -.-> CHEBI_31206

Ingredients (9)

#	Ingredient	Concentration	Ontology	Notes
1	dH2O H2O 18.015 g/mol	1000 ML_PER_L	CHEBI:15377 water	UTEX starts the 1 L Artificial Seawater recipe with approximately 850 mL dH2O.
2	NaCl Cl.Na 58.443 g/mol Fisher S271-500	0.31 MOLAR	CHEBI:26710 sodium chloride	UTEX lists 18 g/L NaCl, for 0.31 M final.
3	MgSO4 x 7 H2O 7H2O.Mg.O4S 246.473 g/mol Sigma 230391	10.5 MILLIMOLAR	CHEBI:31795 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate	UTEX adds 10 mL/L of a 26 g/100 mL dH2O stock.
4	KCl Cl.K 74.551 g/mol Fisher P 217	8 MILLIMOLAR	CHEBI:32588 potassium chloride	UTEX adds 10 mL/L of a 6 g/100 mL dH2O stock.
5	NaNO3 NO3.Na 84.994 g/mol Fisher BP360-500	11.8 MILLIMOLAR	CHEBI:63005 sodium nitrate	UTEX adds 10 mL/L of a 10 g/100 mL dH2O stock.
6	CaCl2 x 2 H2O Ca.2Cl.2H2O 147.014 g/mol Sigma C-3881	2 MILLIMOLAR	CHEBI:86158 calcium chloride dihydrate	UTEX adds 10 mL/L of a 3 g/100 mL dH2O stock.
7	KH2PO4 H2O4P.K 136.084 g/mol Sigma P 0662	0.37 MILLIMOLAR	CHEBI:63036 potassium dihydrogen phosphate	UTEX adds 10 mL/L of a 0.5 g/100 mL dH2O stock.
8	Tricine Sigma T-5816-256	25 MILLIMOLAR	CHEBI:46760 Tricine	UTEX adds 20 mL/L of a 22.4 g/100 mL stock adjusted to pH 8.
9	NH4Cl Cl.H4N 53.492 g/mol Fisher A 649-500	0.5 MILLIMOLAR	CHEBI:31206 ammonium chloride	UTEX adds 1 mL/L of a 2.7 g/100 mL dH2O stock.

Preparation

To approximately 850 mL dH2O, add the salts, Tricine, P-II Metal Solution, Chelated Iron Solution, and NH4Cl.
Adjust the medium to pH 8.1.
Bring the total volume to 1 L with dH2O.
Cover and autoclave the medium.
Add sterile Vitamin B12 after the medium cools.
Store at refrigerator temperature.

Solutions

P-II Metal Solution

Dose: 10 ML_PER_L

Stock composition
Ingredient	Concentration	Notes
dH2O	1000 ML_PER_L	UTEX brings P-II Metal Solution to 100 mL with dH2O.
Na2EDTA x 2 H2O	1 G_PER_L	Converted from 0.1 g/100 mL in the UTEX P-II Metal Solution recipe.
H3BO3	1.14 G_PER_L	Converted from 0.114 g/100 mL in the UTEX P-II Metal Solution recipe.
FeCl3 x 6 H2O	0.049 G_PER_L	Converted from 4.9 mg/100 mL in the UTEX P-II Metal Solution recipe.
MnSO4 x H2O	0.164 G_PER_L	Converted from 16.4 mg/100 mL in the UTEX P-II Metal Solution recipe.
ZnSO4 x 7 H2O	0.022 G_PER_L	Converted from 2.2 mg/100 mL in the UTEX P-II Metal Solution recipe.
CoCl2 x 6 H2O	0.0048 G_PER_L	Converted from 0.48 mg/100 mL in the UTEX P-II Metal Solution recipe; UTEX notes CoCl2 and CoSO4 are interchangeable.

UTEX adds 10 mL P-II Metal Solution per liter of Artificial Seawater Medium.

Chelated Iron Solution

Dose: 1 ML_PER_L

Stock composition
Ingredient	Concentration	Notes
dH2O	1000 ML_PER_L	UTEX separately prepares 500 mL EDTA and FeCl3/HCl solutions before combining them.
Na2EDTA x 2 H2O	10 G_PER_L	UTEX dissolves 10 g Na2EDTA x 2 H2O in a 500 mL component that is later combined into 1 L Chelated Iron Solution.
HCl	45 MILLIMOLAR	Converted from 450 mL of 0.1 M HCl in a 1 L final Chelated Iron Solution stock.
FeCl3 x 6 H2O	0.81 G_PER_L	UTEX dissolves 0.81 g FeCl3 x 6 H2O in a 500 mL component that is later combined into 1 L Chelated Iron Solution.

UTEX adds 1 mL Chelated Iron Solution per liter of Artificial Seawater Medium.

Vitamin B12

Dose: 1 ML_PER_L

Stock composition
Ingredient	Concentration	Notes
dH2O	1000 ML_PER_L	UTEX prepares the Vitamin B12 stock in 200 mL HEPES buffer.
HEPES buffer pH 7.8	12 G_PER_L	Converted from 2.4 g/200 mL in the UTEX Vitamin B12 stock.
Vitamin B12	0.135 G_PER_L	Converted from 0.027 g/200 mL in the UTEX Vitamin B12 stock.

UTEX adds 1 mL Vitamin B12 stock per liter.

Target organisms and growth evidence

These are curated observations and conditions for named organisms; they do not imply universal growth suitability.

Preferred term
Hemiaulus hauckii
Term
Id
NCBITaxon:426650
Label
Hemiaulus hauckii
Growth metrics
- Measurement conditions
  Modified artificial seawater medium; nitrogen-free medium with N2 as the sole nitrogen source.
  Evidence
  Reference
  PMID:33083143
  Supports
  SUPPORT
  Snippet
  Maximum growth rates of multiple strains of H. hauckii symbioses in N-free medium with N2 as the sole N source were 0.74-0.93 div d-1.
  Explanation
  Literature evidence reports growth rates for H. hauckii symbioses cultured using modified artificial seawater medium.
  Is max attainment
  True
Preferred term
Richelia intracellularis
Term
Id
NCBITaxon:98443
Label
Richelia
Evidence
- Reference
  PMID:33083143
  Supports
  SUPPORT
  Snippet
  We document the influence of light and nutrients on nitrogen fixation and growth rates of the host diatom Hemiaulus hauckii Grunow together with its diazotrophic endosymbiont Richelia intracellularis Schmidt
  Explanation
  Literature evidence identifies Richelia intracellularis as the diazotrophic endosymbiont in the cultured Hemiaulus-Richelia symbiosis.
Preferred term
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Term
Id
NCBITaxon:1148
Label
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Growth metrics
- Measurement conditions
  Artificial seawater medium supplemented with nitrogen and phosphorus sources; HEPES buffer improved overall growth.
  Evidence
  Reference
  PMID:25954257
  Supports
  SUPPORT
  Snippet
  The Synechocystis wild-type strain grew well in an artificial seawater (ASW) medium supplemented with nitrogen and phosphorus sources.
  Explanation
  Literature evidence directly reports growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in supplemented artificial seawater medium.
  Is max attainment
  False

Recipe variants

Name
modified_artificial_seawater_hemiaulus_richelia_symbiosis
Description
Modified artificial seawater medium used for growth of Hemiaulus hauckii with its Richelia intracellularis endosymbiont.
Modifications
- Use a modified artificial seawater medium.
- Culture the Hemiaulus hauckii and Richelia intracellularis symbiotic unit.
- Use nitrogen-free medium with N2 as the sole nitrogen source for reported maximum growth rates.
Purpose
Capture growth of a diatom-cyanobacterium symbiosis under a modified artificial seawater medium variant.
Evidence
- Reference
  PMID:33083143
  Supports
  SUPPORT
  Snippet
  This study reports the successful isolation and growth in monocultures of multiple strains of a diatom-cyanobacteria symbiosis from the Gulf of Mexico using a modified artificial seawater medium.
  Explanation
  Literature evidence supports a modified artificial seawater variant for growth of the Hemiaulus-Richelia symbiosis.
Name
np_supplemented_asw_synechocystis_pcc6803
Description
Artificial seawater medium supplemented with nitrogen and phosphorus sources for growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.
Modifications
- Use artificial seawater medium as the base.
- Supplement with nitrogen and phosphorus sources.
- Add HEPES buffer when improved overall growth is needed.
Purpose
Capture seawater-based cultivation of the freshwater cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.
Evidence
- Reference
  PMID:25954257
  Supports
  SUPPORT
  Snippet
  The Synechocystis wild-type strain grew well in an artificial seawater (ASW) medium supplemented with nitrogen and phosphorus sources.
  Explanation
  Literature evidence supports an artificial-seawater variant for Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 growth.

Provenance

Timestamp	Curator	Action	Notes
2026-01-28	utex-import	Imported from UTEX Culture Collection	Source ID: artificial-seawater-medium, URL: https://utex.org/products/artificial-seawater-medium
2026-03-13T06:18:52.919489Z	culturemech-id-assigner-v1.0	Assigned CultureMech ID	Assigned stable identifier: CultureMech:000025
2026-03-17T19:45:03.887747+00:00	normalize_media_names_to_snake_case.py	NAME_NORMALIZED	Normalized name from "Artificial Seawater Medium" to "artificial_seawater_medium" for consistent matching
2026-08-06T00:58:02.491431+00:00	curate_organism_culture_type.py	SET_ORGANISM_CULTURE_TYPE	Inferred isolate: 3 specific strain(s) named, no community signal (#142)
2026-08-30T00:58:30.589517+00:00	repair_utex_ingredients.py	REPAIRED_UTEX_COMPOSITION	Restored 11 ingredient name(s) and amount(s) from a re-fetched UTEX capture. The original fetcher read fixed column positions, so the row ordinal was stored as the ingredient name, the component name as the amount, and the Amount column was never read; concentration was then filled in as G_PER_L regardless. Source: https://utex.org/pages/algal-culture-media, captured 2026-08-29T17:46:40.207779.
2026-09-06T00:00:00-07:00	repair_utex_bristol_bold_score35.py	RESOLVED_UTEX_BRISTOL_BOLD_SCORE35	UTEX prepares Artificial Seawater Medium from dH2O, salts, Tricine buffer, P-II Metal Solution, Chelated Iron Solution, NH4Cl, and Vitamin B12 adjusted to pH 8.1 and 18 ppt salinity.