Overview
- External ontology
- TOGO:M2770 — 4-YACo media
- Applications
-
- Microbial cultivation
- Notes
- Source: https://togomedium.org/medium/M2770
Composition
flowchart LR
CultureMech_009318["4_yaco_media"]
ing0_yeast_autolysate["yeast autolysate"]
CultureMech_009318 --> ing0_yeast_autolysate
ing1_maltose["maltose"]
CultureMech_009318 --> ing1_maltose
CHEBI_18167["CHEBI:18167"]
ing1_maltose -.-> CHEBI_18167
ing2_H2["H2"]
CultureMech_009318 --> ing2_H2
CHEBI_18276["CHEBI:18276"]
ing2_H2 -.-> CHEBI_18276
ing3_CO2["CO2"]
CultureMech_009318 --> ing3_CO2
CHEBI_16526["CHEBI:16526"]
ing3_CO2 -.-> CHEBI_16526
ing4_biotin["biotin"]
CultureMech_009318 --> ing4_biotin
CHEBI_15956["CHEBI:15956"]
ing4_biotin -.-> CHEBI_15956
ing5_Vitamin_B6_supplement["Vitamin B6 supplement"]
CultureMech_009318 --> ing5_Vitamin_B6_supplement
ing6_Vitamin_B12_corrinoid_supplement["Vitamin B12/corrinoid supplement"]
CultureMech_009318 --> ing6_Vitamin_B12_corrinoid_supplement
ing7_L_tryptophan["L-tryptophan"]
CultureMech_009318 --> ing7_L_tryptophan
CHEBI_27897["CHEBI:27897"]
ing7_L_tryptophan -.-> CHEBI_27897
Ingredients (8)
| # | Ingredient | Concentration | Ontology | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yeast autolysate | 4 PERCENT_W_V | TOGO M2770 lists 4% yeast autolysate for 4-YACo medium. | |
| 2 |
maltose
C12H22O11 342.297 g/mol
|
20 MILLIMOLAR |
CHEBI:18167
alpha-maltose
|
TOGO M2770 supplements 4-YACo medium with 20 mM maltose. |
| 3 |
H2
H2 2.016 g/mol
|
80 PERCENT_V_V |
CHEBI:18276
dihydrogen
|
TOGO M2770 uses 80% H2 and 20% CO2 in the Balch-tube headspace. |
| 4 |
CO2
CO2 44.009 g/mol
|
20 PERCENT_V_V |
CHEBI:16526
carbon dioxide
|
TOGO M2770 uses 80% H2 and 20% CO2 in the Balch-tube headspace. |
| 5 |
biotin
C10H16N2O3S 244.316 g/mol
|
60-100 MICROG_PER_L |
CHEBI:15956
biotin
|
TOGO M2770 reports 0.3-0.5 ug biotin per 5 ml culture tube, equivalent to 60-100 ug/L. |
| 6 | Vitamin B6 supplement | 24-40 MG_PER_L | TOGO M2770 reports 120-200 ug per 5 ml culture tube under the Vitamin B6 heading and names pyridoxal-HCl and pyridoxal-phosphate; modeled as an opaque B6 supplement family. | |
| 7 | Vitamin B12/corrinoid supplement | 6-10 MG_PER_L | TOGO M2770 reports 30-50 ug of one B12/corrinoid form per 5 ml culture tube, equivalent to 6-10 mg/L; the alternatives are hydroxocobalamin acetate salt, hydroxocobalamin hydrochloride, methylcobalamin, or cyanocobalamin. | |
| 8 |
L-tryptophan
C11H12N2O2 204.229 g/mol
|
12-20 MG_PER_L |
CHEBI:27897
tryptophan
|
TOGO M2770 reports 60-100 ug tryptophan per 5 ml culture tube, equivalent to 12-20 mg/L. |
Preparation
- Prepare 4-YACo medium with 4% yeast autolysate and 20 mM maltose.
- Supplement each 5 ml culture with the Vitamin B7, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12/corrinoid, and tryptophan quantities reported by TOGO M2770.
- Grow cultures in 5 ml volumes in 25 ml Balch tubes with crimp-top stoppers under an 80% H2 and 20% CO2 headspace in the dark at room temperature.
Target organisms
No target organisms are recorded.
Provenance
| Timestamp | Curator | Action | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-01-27T06:35:57.273356Z | togo-import | Imported from TOGO Medium | Source: TOGO, ID: M2770 |
| 2026-01-28T19:48:37.003151Z | chebi-enrichment | Added CHEBI ontology terms to ingredients | Enriched using MicrobeMediaParam and MediaDive chemical mappings |
| 2026-02-03T00:00:00+00:00 | schema-defaulter-v1.0 | Applied schema defaults and normalizations | Added default concentration for ingredient: maltose; Added default concentration for ingredient: Carbon dioxide gas; Added default concentration for ingredient: Hydrogen gas; Added default concentration for ingredient: Vitamin B7; Added default concentration for ingredient: Vitamin B6; Added default concentration for ingredient: Vitamin B12; Added default concentration for ingredient: Tryptophan; Added default concentration for ingredient: biotin (Sigma Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA); Added default concentration for ingredient: pyridoxal-phosphate (Sigma Aldrich); Added default concentration for ingredient: pyridoxal-HCl (Sigma Aldrich); Added default concentration for ingredient: hydroxocobalamin acetate salt; Added default concentration for ingredient: hydroxocobalamin hydrochloride; Added default concentration for ingredient: methylcobalamin; Added default concentration for ingredient: cyanocobalamin (Sigma Aldrich); Added default concentration for ingredient: tryptophan (Sigma Aldrich) |
| 2026-03-13T06:20:05.596711Z | culturemech-id-assigner-v1.0 | Assigned CultureMech ID | Assigned stable identifier: CultureMech:009318 |
| 2026-03-17T06:30:44.000000Z | mediaingredientmech-enrichment-v1.0 | Added MediaIngredientMech links | Linked ingredients to MediaIngredientMech identifiers |
| 2026-03-17T19:46:24.505281+00:00 | normalize_media_names_to_snake_case.py | NAME_NORMALIZED | Normalized name from "4-YACo media" to "4_yaco_media" for consistent matching |
| 2026-05-16T09:02:58.297779+00:00 | migrate_legacy_fields.py | MIGRATED_LEGACY_FIELDS | curation_history.date->timestamp=1 |
| 2026-06-05T07:40:15.845866+00:00 | mim-legacy-to-chebi-migration-v1.0 | Refreshed legacy MediaIngredientMech links to CHEBI keying | Replaced 3 legacy mediaingredientmech_term link(s) with mediaingredientmech_chebi_term (id-safe: ingredient's own CHEBI + label). MIM deprecated the MediaIngredientMech:NNNNNN id scheme. |
| 2026-09-11T00:00:00-07:00 | repair_togo_m2770_4_yaco_score15.py | RESOLVED_TOGO_M2770_4_YACO_SCORE15 | Collapsed TOGO M2770 nested supplement headings into a single curated 4-YACo recipe: 4% yeast autolysate, 20 mM maltose, 80% H2/20% CO2 headspace, and per-5-ml-tube B7, B6, B12/corrinoid, and tryptophan supplements converted to per-liter concentrations. Vitamin B6 and B12/corrinoid supplement families remain explicitly unmapped because the source groups alternative or multiple molecular forms. |