D-glucarate degradation I

MetaCyc:GLUCARDEG-PWY

D-glucarate degradation I dehydrates D-glucarate to 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate, cleaves that intermediate to 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate and pyruvate, reduces 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate to (R)-glycerate with NADPH or NADH, and phosphorylates (R)-glycerate to (2R)-2-phosphoglycerate.

Pathway type

carbohydrate degradation

Organism scope

Bacteria NCBITaxon:2

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Pathway network

22 nodes · 30 asserted directed edges

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Reaction / activity
Chemical / cofactor
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Dashed arrow: membership, location or cofactor relation

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Components and activities

Declared biological components and source reaction directions
Node	Kind or role	Source direction
Bacteria `NCBITaxon:2`	taxon
D-glucarate dehydratase `EC:4.2.1.40`	molecular activity
tartronate-semialdehyde reductase `EC:1.1.1.60`	molecular activity
D-glycerate 2-kinase `EC:2.7.1.165`	molecular activity
D-glucarate `CHEBI:30612`	small molecule
5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate `CHEBI:42819`	small molecule
H2O `CHEBI:15377`	small molecule
2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate `CHEBI:57978`	small molecule
pyruvate `CHEBI:15361`	small molecule
NADPH `CHEBI:57783`	small molecule
H(+) `CHEBI:15378`	small molecule
NADP(+) `CHEBI:58349`	small molecule
NADH `CHEBI:57945`	small molecule
NAD(+) `CHEBI:57540`	small molecule
(R)-glycerate `CHEBI:16659`	small molecule
ATP `CHEBI:30616`	small molecule
(2R)-2-phosphoglycerate `CHEBI:58289`	small molecule
ADP `CHEBI:456216`	small molecule
D-glucarate dehydratase reaction `RHEA:14574`	reaction	left to right
NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	reaction	right to left
NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	reaction	right to left
D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	reaction	left to right
5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction `RHEA:27727`	reaction	left to right

Mechanistic edges

Mechanistic edges and their cited evidence
Subject	Predicate and description	Object	Evidence
D-glucarate `CHEBI:30612`	consumes	D-glucarate dehydratase reaction `RHEA:14574`	RHEA:14574 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:30612 on the substrates side of RHEA:14574 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/14574']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
D-glucarate dehydratase reaction `RHEA:14574`	produces	H2O `CHEBI:15377`	RHEA:14574 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:15377 on the products side of RHEA:14574 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/14574']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
D-glucarate dehydratase reaction `RHEA:14574`	produces	5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate `CHEBI:42819`	RHEA:14574 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:42819 on the products side of RHEA:14574 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/14574']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
H(+) `CHEBI:15378`	consumes	NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	RHEA:18843 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:15378 on the substrates side of RHEA:18843 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18843']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
NADPH `CHEBI:57783`	consumes	NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	RHEA:18843 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:57783 on the substrates side of RHEA:18843 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18843']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate `CHEBI:57978`	consumes	NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	RHEA:18843 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:57978 on the substrates side of RHEA:18843 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18843']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	produces	(R)-glycerate `CHEBI:16659`	RHEA:18843 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:16659 on the products side of RHEA:18843 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18843']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	produces	NADP(+) `CHEBI:58349`	RHEA:18843 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:58349 on the products side of RHEA:18843 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18843']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
H(+) `CHEBI:15378`	consumes	NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	RHEA:18847 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:15378 on the substrates side of RHEA:18847 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18847']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
NADH `CHEBI:57945`	consumes	NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	RHEA:18847 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:57945 on the substrates side of RHEA:18847 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18847']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate `CHEBI:57978`	consumes	NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	RHEA:18847 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:57978 on the substrates side of RHEA:18847 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18847']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	produces	(R)-glycerate `CHEBI:16659`	RHEA:18847 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:16659 on the products side of RHEA:18847 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18847']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	produces	NAD(+) `CHEBI:57540`	RHEA:18847 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:57540 on the products side of RHEA:18847 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/18847']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
(R)-glycerate `CHEBI:16659`	consumes	D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	RHEA:27378 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:16659 on the substrates side of RHEA:27378 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27378']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
ATP `CHEBI:30616`	consumes	D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	RHEA:27378 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:30616 on the substrates side of RHEA:27378 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27378']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	produces	H(+) `CHEBI:15378`	RHEA:27378 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:15378 on the products side of RHEA:27378 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27378']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	produces	ADP `CHEBI:456216`	RHEA:27378 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:456216 on the products side of RHEA:27378 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27378']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	produces	(2R)-2-phosphoglycerate `CHEBI:58289`	RHEA:27378 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:58289 on the products side of RHEA:27378 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27378']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate `CHEBI:42819`	consumes	5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction `RHEA:27727`	RHEA:27727 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:42819 on the substrates side of RHEA:27727 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27727']/rh:substrates; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction `RHEA:27727`	produces	pyruvate `CHEBI:15361`	RHEA:27727 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:15361 on the products side of RHEA:27727 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27727']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction `RHEA:27727`	produces	2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate `CHEBI:57978`	RHEA:27727 Source assertion: Rhea lists CHEBI:57978 on the products side of RHEA:27727 in this directed reaction. Source location `rdf:Description[@rdf:about='http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27727']/rh:products; rh:contains/rh:compound/rh:accession`
D-glucarate dehydratase `EC:4.2.1.40`	catalyzes	D-glucarate dehydratase reaction `RHEA:14574`	RHEA:14573 Source assertion: Rhea associates EC:4.2.1.40 with the reaction family containing RHEA:14574. Source location `rh:ec`
tartronate-semialdehyde reductase `EC:1.1.1.60`	catalyzes	NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	RHEA:18841 Source assertion: Rhea associates EC:1.1.1.60 with the reaction family containing RHEA:18843. Source location `rh:ec`
tartronate-semialdehyde reductase `EC:1.1.1.60`	catalyzes	NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	RHEA:18845 Source assertion: Rhea associates EC:1.1.1.60 with the reaction family containing RHEA:18847. Source location `rh:ec`
D-glycerate 2-kinase `EC:2.7.1.165`	catalyzes	D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	RHEA:27377 Source assertion: Rhea associates EC:2.7.1.165 with the reaction family containing RHEA:27378. Source location `rh:ec`
D-glucarate dehydratase reaction `RHEA:14574`	precedes	5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction `RHEA:27727`	MetaCyc:GLUCARDEG-PWY Source assertion: MetaCyc pathway ordering places RHEA:14574 before RHEA:27727 in this pathway. Shared intermediate: CHEBI:42819. Source location `Pathway/reaction-ordering and reaction-layout; Rhea-to-MetaCyc cross-references`
NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	precedes	D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	MetaCyc:GLUCARDEG-PWY Source assertion: MetaCyc pathway ordering places RHEA:18843 before RHEA:27378 in this pathway. Shared intermediate: CHEBI:16659. Source location `Pathway/reaction-ordering and reaction-layout; Rhea-to-MetaCyc cross-references`
NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	precedes	D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction `RHEA:27378`	MetaCyc:GLUCARDEG-PWY Source assertion: MetaCyc pathway ordering places RHEA:18847 before RHEA:27378 in this pathway. Shared intermediate: CHEBI:16659. Source location `Pathway/reaction-ordering and reaction-layout; Rhea-to-MetaCyc cross-references`
5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction `RHEA:27727`	precedes	NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18843`	MetaCyc:GLUCARDEG-PWY Source assertion: MetaCyc pathway ordering places RHEA:27727 before RHEA:18843 in this pathway. Shared intermediate: CHEBI:57978. Source location `Pathway/reaction-ordering and reaction-layout; Rhea-to-MetaCyc cross-references`
5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction `RHEA:27727`	precedes	NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction `RHEA:18847`	MetaCyc:GLUCARDEG-PWY Source assertion: MetaCyc pathway ordering places RHEA:27727 before RHEA:18847 in this pathway. Shared intermediate: CHEBI:57978. Source location `Pathway/reaction-ordering and reaction-layout; Rhea-to-MetaCyc cross-references`

References

MetaCyc:GLUCARDEG-PWY MetaCyc D-glucarate degradation I (source version: 22.5)
RHEA:14573 Rhea D-glucarate dehydratase reaction (source version: 139)
RHEA:14574 Rhea D-glucarate-dehydrating direction (source version: 139)
RHEA:27726 Rhea 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction (source version: 139)
RHEA:27729 Rhea bidirectional 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate aldolase reaction (source version: 139)
RHEA:18841 Rhea NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction (source version: 139)
RHEA:18843 Rhea NADPH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reduction direction (source version: 139)
RHEA:18845 Rhea NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reaction (source version: 139)
RHEA:18847 Rhea NADH-dependent tartronate-semialdehyde reductase reduction direction (source version: 139)
RHEA:27377 Rhea D-glycerate 2-kinase reaction (source version: 139)
RHEA:27378 Rhea 2-phosphoglycerate-forming direction (source version: 139)
RHEA:27727 RHEA:27727 authority record (source version: 139)

Curation history

2026-10-05T06:25:52Z codex
- EDIT — Review causal chemistry and add sourced molecular context
  Reviewed the entire record against MetaCyc 22.5 native pathway XML (including nested pathways), Rhea 139 explicit sides and directions, ENZYME 02-Sep-2026, PubMed records, and reviewed UniProt 2026_03 annotations within the record's taxon scope. Replaced generated structured-source quotations with source_assertion and source_locator. Typed molecular activities and participants. Reaction count 5 to 5; 1 directed-ID corrections; 0 protein annotations, 0 cofactor annotations and 0 sourced locations. All Rhea reaction substrate/product sets checked against independent Rhea authority; native pathway leaf coverage and source exceptions recorded in reports/causal_graph_review/metacyc-review.json. Full source URLs, versions and byte hashes are in metacyc-sources.json. All 50 MetaCyc records passed native schema validation; six targeted chemistry/evidence regression tests passed. Missing protein or cofactor annotations are not treated as biological absence; qualifications and exclusions are preserved in the ledger.
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