ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis

MetaCyc:PWY0-1241

The complete five-reaction MetaCyc route converts sedoheptulose 7-phosphate to ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose using GmhA, the two activities of HldE, GmhB and HldD. The selected proteins are E. coli K-12; native complexes are MG1655 assignments. The 2002 HldE/GmhB experiments used K-12 gene products with an Aneurinibacillus GmhA reagent, whereas later GmhA work directly examines E. coli. Current Rhea represents GmhA as two substrate molecules giving one alpha and one beta heptose 7-phosphate; both products and the coefficient are retained, without asserting an experimentally fixed 1:1 physiological product ratio. Only the beta branch continues to ADP-heptose. GmhA, HldE and HldD are represented by source-defined tetramer, dimer and pentamer assemblies; GmhB is monomeric. GmhA zinc is a similarity-based annotation. GmhB catalytic magnesium and manganese/cobalt alternatives are distinguished from its bound zinc loop site, whose physiological role remains unresolved. HldD recycles bound NADP during epimerization; NAD is a lower-activity substitute, not an additional required cofactor. Sedoheptulose generation, alpha-GDP-heptose synthesis, LPS incorporation and host sensing are outside this native boundary. No obligatory growth phenotype, universal strain activity or compensating GmhB phosphatase is inferred.

Pathway type

adp l glycero beta d manno heptose biosynthesis

Organism scope

Escherichia coli K-12 NCBITaxon:83333

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Pathway network

32 nodes · 43 asserted directed edges

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Components and activities

Declared biological components and source reaction directions
Node	Kind or role	Source direction
Escherichia coli K-12 `NCBITaxon:83333`	taxon
water `CHEBI:15377`	small molecule
hydron `CHEBI:15378`	small molecule
magnesium(2+) `CHEBI:18420`	cofactor
manganese(2+) `CHEBI:29035`	cofactor
zinc(2+) `CHEBI:29105`	cofactor
ATP(4-) `CHEBI:30616`	small molecule
diphosphate(3-) `CHEBI:33019`	small molecule
hydrogenphosphate `CHEBI:43474`	small molecule
ADP(3-) `CHEBI:456216`	small molecule
cobalt(2+) `CHEBI:48828`	cofactor
sedoheptulose 7-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:57483`	small molecule
NAD(1-) `CHEBI:57540`	cofactor
NADP(3-) `CHEBI:58349`	cofactor
ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose(2-) `CHEBI:59967`	small molecule
D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:60203`	small molecule
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:60204`	small molecule
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate(4-) `CHEBI:60208`	small molecule
ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose(2-) `CHEBI:61506`	small molecule
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:61593`	small molecule
Phosphoheptose isomerase `UniProtKB:P63224`	protein
Bifunctional protein HldE `UniProtKB:P76658`	protein
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase `UniProtKB:P63228`	protein
ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose-6-epimerase `UniProtKB:P67910`	protein
D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate isomerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-7660`	complex
fused heptose 7-phosphate kinase/heptose 1-phosphate adenyltransferase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3661`	complex
ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3681`	complex
2 D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate => D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate `RHEA:27490`	molecular activity	left to right
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	molecular activity	left to right
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	molecular activity	left to right
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	molecular activity	left to right
ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose => ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose `RHEA:17578`	molecular activity	left to right

Mechanistic edges

Mechanistic edges and their cited evidence
Subject	Predicate and description	Object	Evidence
sedoheptulose 7-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:57483`	consumes This is the formal Rhea two-anomer equation, not a measured fixed in vivo product ratio.	2 D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate => D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate `RHEA:27490`	RHEA:27490 Source assertion: RHEA:27490 assigns CHEBI:57483 to its substrates, coefficient 2 via rh:contains2. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27490 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27489_L rh:contains2 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27489_compound_3830; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27489_compound_3830 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_3830; rh:chebi`
2 D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate => D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate `RHEA:27490`	produces This is the formal Rhea two-anomer equation, not a measured fixed in vivo product ratio.	D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:60203`	RHEA:27490 Source assertion: RHEA:27490 assigns CHEBI:60203 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27490 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27489_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27489_compound_6236; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27489_compound_6236 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6236; rh:chebi`
2 D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate => D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate `RHEA:27490`	produces This is the formal Rhea two-anomer equation, not a measured fixed in vivo product ratio.	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:60204`	RHEA:27490 Source assertion: RHEA:27490 assigns CHEBI:60204 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27490 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27489_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27489_compound_6311; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27489_compound_6311 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6311; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:60204`	consumes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	RHEA:27474 Source assertion: RHEA:27474 assigns CHEBI:60204 to its substrates, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27474 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27473_L rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_6311; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_6311 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6311; rh:chebi`
ATP(4-) `CHEBI:30616`	consumes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	RHEA:27474 Source assertion: RHEA:27474 assigns CHEBI:30616 to its substrates, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27474 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27473_L rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_6372; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_6372 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6372; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	produces	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate(4-) `CHEBI:60208`	RHEA:27474 Source assertion: RHEA:27474 assigns CHEBI:60208 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27474 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27473_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_6310; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_6310 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6310; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	produces	ADP(3-) `CHEBI:456216`	RHEA:27474 Source assertion: RHEA:27474 assigns CHEBI:456216 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27474 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27473_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_2710; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_2710 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_2710; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	produces	hydron `CHEBI:15378`	RHEA:27474 Source assertion: RHEA:27474 assigns CHEBI:15378 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27474 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27473_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_3249; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27473_compound_3249 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_3249; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate(4-) `CHEBI:60208`	consumes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	RHEA:28519 Source assertion: RHEA:28519 assigns CHEBI:60208 to its substrates, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28519 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28518_L rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_28518_compound_6310; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_28518_compound_6310 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6310; rh:chebi`
water `CHEBI:15377`	consumes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	RHEA:28519 Source assertion: RHEA:28519 assigns CHEBI:15377 to its substrates, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28519 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28518_L rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_28518_compound_1283; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_28518_compound_1283 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_1283; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	produces	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:61593`	RHEA:28519 Source assertion: RHEA:28519 assigns CHEBI:61593 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28519 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28518_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_28518_compound_6538; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_28518_compound_6538 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6538; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	produces	hydrogenphosphate `CHEBI:43474`	RHEA:28519 Source assertion: RHEA:28519 assigns CHEBI:43474 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28519 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28518_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_28518_compound_5518; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_28518_compound_5518 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_5518; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate(2-) `CHEBI:61593`	consumes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	RHEA:27466 Source assertion: RHEA:27466 assigns CHEBI:61593 to its substrates, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27466 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27465_L rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_6538; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_6538 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6538; rh:chebi`
ATP(4-) `CHEBI:30616`	consumes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	RHEA:27466 Source assertion: RHEA:27466 assigns CHEBI:30616 to its substrates, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27466 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27465_L rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_6372; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_6372 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6372; rh:chebi`
hydron `CHEBI:15378`	consumes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	RHEA:27466 Source assertion: RHEA:27466 assigns CHEBI:15378 to its substrates, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27466 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27465_L rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_3249; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_3249 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_3249; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	produces	ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose(2-) `CHEBI:59967`	RHEA:27466 Source assertion: RHEA:27466 assigns CHEBI:59967 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27466 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27465_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_6139; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_6139 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6139; rh:chebi`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	produces	diphosphate(3-) `CHEBI:33019`	RHEA:27466 Source assertion: RHEA:27466 assigns CHEBI:33019 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27466 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27465_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_2106; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_27465_compound_2106 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_2106; rh:chebi`
ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose(2-) `CHEBI:59967`	consumes	ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose => ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose `RHEA:17578`	RHEA:17578 Source assertion: RHEA:17578 assigns CHEBI:59967 to its substrates, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/17578 rh:substrates; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/17577_L rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_17577_compound_6139; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_17577_compound_6139 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6139; rh:chebi`
ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose => ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose `RHEA:17578`	produces	ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose(2-) `CHEBI:61506`	RHEA:17578 Source assertion: RHEA:17578 assigns CHEBI:61506 to its products, coefficient 1 via rh:contains1. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/17578 rh:products; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/17577_R rh:contains1 http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_17577_compound_6453; http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Participant_17577_compound_6453 rh:compound http://rdf.rhea-db.org/Compound_6453; rh:chebi`
D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate isomerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-7660`	catalyzes The selected biosynthetic direction does not assert irreversible chemistry.	2 D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate => D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate `RHEA:27490`	MetaCyc:CPLX0-7660 Source assertion: CPLX0-7660 has an explicit catalytic assignment to RXN0-4301. Source location `Protein[@frameid="CPLX0-7660"]/catalyzes/Enzymatic-Reaction/reaction/Reaction[@frameid="RXN0-4301"]` UniProtKB:P63224 Source assertion: Reviewed K-12 P63224 CATALYTIC ACTIVITY gives RHEA:27489 and the corresponding equation with experimental ECO:0000269 evidence. Source location `/organism/taxonId; /comments/1/reaction` RHEA:27490 Source assertion: Master RHEA:27489 explicitly links directionalReaction RHEA:27490, the left-to-right member in release 142. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27489 rh:directionalReaction http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27490; rhea-directions.tsv RHEA_ID_LR` PMID:18056714 Source assertion: The primary abstract reports E. coli and P. aeruginosa GmhA structures in apo, substrate and product forms, with mutant biochemistry and in vivo LPS analysis. It supports the E. coli isomerase assignment, without making the 2002 heterologous GmhA reagent an E. coli experiment. Source location `/resultList/result[id="18056714"]/abstractText`
fused heptose 7-phosphate kinase/heptose 1-phosphate adenyltransferase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3661`	catalyzes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	MetaCyc:CPLX0-3661 Source assertion: CPLX0-3661 has an explicit catalytic assignment to RXN0-4341. Source location `Protein[@frameid="CPLX0-3661"]/catalyzes/Enzymatic-Reaction/reaction/Reaction[@frameid="RXN0-4341"]` UniProtKB:P76658 Source assertion: Reviewed K-12 P76658 CATALYTIC ACTIVITY gives RHEA:27473 and the corresponding equation with experimental ECO:0000269 evidence. Source location `/organism/taxonId; /comments/2/reaction` RHEA:27474 Source assertion: Master RHEA:27473 explicitly links directionalReaction RHEA:27474, the left-to-right member in release 142. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27473 rh:directionalReaction http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27474; rhea-directions.tsv RHEA_ID_LR` PMID:11751812 Source assertion: Purified K-12 HldE and ATP generate beta-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate in coupled HPAEC experiments; the upstream GmhA reagent was from A. thermoaerophilus. The assay contained 10 mM MgCl2, which alone is not a separate HldE metal-binding measurement. Source location `PMC139585 HTML (//article//p)[14,19,21]; Results/Biochemical characterization of the biosynthetic pathway; Figure 2`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase `UniProtKB:P63228`	catalyzes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	UniProtKB:P63228 Source assertion: Reviewed K-12 P63228 CATALYTIC ACTIVITY gives RHEA:28518 and the corresponding equation with experimental ECO:0000269 evidence. Source location `/organism/taxonId; /comments/1/reaction` RHEA:28519 Source assertion: Master RHEA:28518 explicitly links directionalReaction RHEA:28519, the left-to-right member in release 142. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28518 rh:directionalReaction http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28519; rhea-directions.tsv RHEA_ID_LR` PMID:20050615 Source assertion: E. coli K-12 GmhB selectively removes the C7 phosphate. Kinetics favor the beta over the alpha bisphosphate by about 100-fold; this is preference, not absolute alpha inactivity. The monophosphate product is not further hydrolyzed. Source location `PMC2844805 HTML (//article//p)[43]; Results/Substrate specificity; Tables 1 and 2` PMID:20050614 Source assertion: Solution size-exclusion analysis supports monomeric E. coli GmhB; its substrate/Mg structure and catalytic-site analysis support C7 dephosphorylation. The paper prints an incorrect Swiss-Prot accession P63288; identity is independently grounded by native P63228 and current UniProt. Source location `PMC2844806 BioC passages offsets6284,12476,15508,28097`
fused heptose 7-phosphate kinase/heptose 1-phosphate adenyltransferase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3661`	catalyzes	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	MetaCyc:CPLX0-3661 Source assertion: CPLX0-3661 has an explicit catalytic assignment to RXN0-4342. Source location `Protein[@frameid="CPLX0-3661"]/catalyzes/Enzymatic-Reaction/reaction/Reaction[@frameid="RXN0-4342"]` UniProtKB:P76658 Source assertion: Reviewed K-12 P76658 CATALYTIC ACTIVITY gives RHEA:27465 and the corresponding equation with experimental ECO:0000269 evidence. Source location `/organism/taxonId; /comments/3/reaction` RHEA:27466 Source assertion: Master RHEA:27465 explicitly links directionalReaction RHEA:27466, the left-to-right member in release 142. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27465 rh:directionalReaction http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27466; rhea-directions.tsv RHEA_ID_LR` PMID:11751812 Source assertion: K-12 HldE plus ATP activates synthetic beta-heptose 1-phosphate; alpha-heptose 1-phosphate and GTP controls do not yield the corresponding activation. Phosphatase activity is needed upstream in the coupled system. This is AMP transfer with diphosphate release. Source location `PMC139585 HTML (//article//p)[23,25,29]; Figure 3`
ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3681`	catalyzes The selected biosynthetic direction does not assert irreversible chemistry.	ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose => ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose `RHEA:17578`	MetaCyc:CPLX0-3681 Source assertion: CPLX0-3681 has an explicit catalytic assignment to 5.1.3.20-RXN. Source location `Protein[@frameid="CPLX0-3681"]/catalyzes/Enzymatic-Reaction/reaction/Reaction[@frameid="5.1.3.20-RXN"]` UniProtKB:P67910 Source assertion: Reviewed K-12 P67910 CATALYTIC ACTIVITY gives RHEA:17577 and the corresponding equation with experimental ECO:0000269 evidence. Source location `/organism/taxonId; /comments/1/reaction` RHEA:17578 Source assertion: Master RHEA:17577 explicitly links directionalReaction RHEA:17578, the left-to-right member in release 142. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/17577 rh:directionalReaction http://rdf.rhea-db.org/17578; rhea-directions.tsv RHEA_ID_LR` PMID:7929099 Source assertion: The indexed primary abstract reports purified E. coli K-12 RfaD/HldD interconversion of the ADP-D- and ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose epimers. Its historical NAD identification was subsequently refined by the 2001 NADP study. Source location `/resultList/result[id="7929099"]/abstractText`
Phosphoheptose isomerase `UniProtKB:P63224`	part_of The native complex contains 4 identical subunits; the protein node is not independently assigned monomeric catalytic sufficiency.	D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate isomerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-7660`	MetaCyc:CPLX0-7660 Source assertion: The native assembly contains 4 copies of G6106-MONOMER. Source location `Protein[@frameid="CPLX0-7660"]/component/Protein; component/coefficient` MetaCyc:G6106-MONOMER Source assertion: G6106-MONOMER explicitly unifies with UniProt P63224; the native organism is E. coli K-12 MG1655. Source location `Protein[@frameid="G6106-MONOMER"]/dblink[dblink-db="UNIPROT"]; species/Organism` UniProtKB:P63224 Source assertion: SUBUNIT gives the 4-subunit homo-assembly with ECO:0000269 literature evidence. Source location `/comments/5` PMID:18056714 Source assertion: Current curated assembly evidence cites the GmhA structural study; the inspected abstract describes quaternary rearrangement but does not independently specify tetramer stoichiometry. Source location `/resultList/result[id="18056714"]/abstractText`
Bifunctional protein HldE `UniProtKB:P76658`	part_of The native complex contains 2 identical subunits; the protein node is not independently assigned monomeric catalytic sufficiency.	fused heptose 7-phosphate kinase/heptose 1-phosphate adenyltransferase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3661`	MetaCyc:CPLX0-3661 Source assertion: The native assembly contains 2 copies of G7590-MONOMER. Source location `Protein[@frameid="CPLX0-3661"]/component/Protein; component/coefficient` MetaCyc:G7590-MONOMER Source assertion: G7590-MONOMER explicitly unifies with UniProt P76658; the native organism is E. coli K-12 MG1655. Source location `Protein[@frameid="G7590-MONOMER"]/dblink[dblink-db="UNIPROT"]; species/Organism` UniProtKB:P76658 Source assertion: SUBUNIT gives the 2-subunit homo-assembly with ECO:0000269 literature evidence. Source location `/comments/7` PMID:16030223 Source assertion: Copurification and dominant-negative experiments support a functional HldE dimer. The gel-filtration dimer measurement in the abstract is specifically the isolated HldE1 kinase domain, not an independently repeated full-length HldE measurement. Source location `/resultList/result[id="16030223"]/abstractText`
ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose-6-epimerase `UniProtKB:P67910`	part_of The native complex contains 5 identical subunits; the protein node is not independently assigned monomeric catalytic sufficiency.	ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3681`	MetaCyc:CPLX0-3681 Source assertion: The native assembly contains 5 copies of EG10838-MONOMER. Source location `Protein[@frameid="CPLX0-3681"]/component/Protein; component/coefficient` MetaCyc:EG10838-MONOMER Source assertion: EG10838-MONOMER explicitly unifies with UniProt P67910; the native organism is E. coli K-12 MG1655. Source location `Protein[@frameid="EG10838-MONOMER"]/dblink[dblink-db="UNIPROT"]; species/Organism` UniProtKB:P67910 Source assertion: SUBUNIT gives the 5-subunit homo-assembly with ECO:0000269 literature evidence. Source location `/comments/7` PMID:10896473 Source assertion: The primary structure is a homopentamer with two pentamers in the crystallographic asymmetric unit; that is not evidence for a physiological decamer. Earlier apparent native mass does not itself resolve this stoichiometry. Source location `/resultList/result[id="10896473"]/abstractText`
D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate isomerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-7660`	has_cofactor Similarity-based cofactor annotation is retained with its evidence grade; no direct K-12 zinc requirement is inferred.	zinc(2+) `CHEBI:29105`	UniProtKB:P63224 Source assertion: COFACTOR annotates Zn(2+) and one zinc ion per subunit with ECO:0000250, an inference by similarity rather than direct evidence for zinc binding in this K-12 protein. Source location `/comments/2/cofactors; /comments/2/note`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase `UniProtKB:P63228`	has_cofactor Catalytic divalent-metal alternatives are not simultaneous required occupancy. Dominant in vivo metal is not established by these annotations.	magnesium(2+) `CHEBI:18420`	UniProtKB:P63228 Source assertion: COFACTOR explicitly includes Mg(2+); the note names magnesium and manganese/cobalt alternatives with ECO:0000269 PMID:16990279. Source location `/comments/2/cofactors; /comments/2/note` PMID:20050614 Source assertion: The E. coli GmhB substrate/product structures show the catalytic Mg coordination site. It is distinct from the Zn-binding loop site. Source location `PMC2844806 BioC passages offsets15508,16641,17361; Figures 3-5`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase `UniProtKB:P63228`	has_cofactor Catalytic divalent-metal alternatives are not simultaneous required occupancy. Dominant in vivo metal is not established by these annotations.	manganese(2+) `CHEBI:29035`	UniProtKB:P63228 Source assertion: COFACTOR explicitly includes Mn(2+); the note names magnesium and manganese/cobalt alternatives with ECO:0000269 PMID:16990279. Source location `/comments/2/cofactors; /comments/2/note`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase `UniProtKB:P63228`	has_cofactor Catalytic divalent-metal alternatives are not simultaneous required occupancy. Dominant in vivo metal is not established by these annotations.	cobalt(2+) `CHEBI:48828`	UniProtKB:P63228 Source assertion: COFACTOR explicitly includes Co(2+); the note names magnesium and manganese/cobalt alternatives with ECO:0000269 PMID:16990279. Source location `/comments/2/cofactors; /comments/2/note`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase `UniProtKB:P63228`	has_cofactor This bound Zn site is distinct from catalytic Mg. No universal Zn requirement or established physiological regulatory role is asserted.	zinc(2+) `CHEBI:29105`	UniProtKB:P63228 Source assertion: A separate COFACTOR statement annotates Zn(2+) with ECO:0000269 PMID:16990279. Source location `/comments/3/cofactors` PMID:20050614 Source assertion: E. coli GmhB has a Zn-bound loop; Zn does not contact substrate or directly participate in catalysis in the inspected structure. Mutating coordinating residues is detrimental, but the paper leaves the origin and function of the motif unresolved. Source location `PMC2844806 BioC passages offsets20251,21102,23631; Figure 6`
ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3681`	has_cofactor NADP is the physiological bound cofactor; NAD is an alternative with lower activity. Neither is consumed in the balanced net epimerization.	NADP(3-) `CHEBI:58349`	UniProtKB:P67910 Source assertion: COFACTOR includes NADP(+); the note specifies one NADP per subunit and reduced activity when NAD substitutes, with experimental ECO:0000269 citations. Source location `/comments/2/cofactors; /comments/2/note` PMID:11313358 Source assertion: Apoenzyme reconstitution accepts NADP or NAD, but not FAD. Purified-enzyme extract analysis identifies NADP in vivo, refining the earlier NAD-only assignment. Source location `/resultList/result[id="11313358"]/abstractText` PMID:17316025 Source assertion: The E. coli K-12 mechanistic study describes initial C6 oxidation by bound NADP and subsequent reduction of the rotated keto intermediate; this is cofactor recycling during epimerization. Source location `/resultList/result[id="17316025"]/abstractText`
ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase `MetaCyc:CPLX0-3681`	has_cofactor NADP is the physiological bound cofactor; NAD is an alternative with lower activity. Neither is consumed in the balanced net epimerization.	NAD(1-) `CHEBI:57540`	UniProtKB:P67910 Source assertion: COFACTOR includes NAD(+); the note specifies one NADP per subunit and reduced activity when NAD substitutes, with experimental ECO:0000269 citations. Source location `/comments/2/cofactors; /comments/2/note` PMID:11313358 Source assertion: Apoenzyme reconstitution accepts NADP or NAD, but not FAD. Purified-enzyme extract analysis identifies NADP in vivo, refining the earlier NAD-only assignment. Source location `/resultList/result[id="11313358"]/abstractText` PMID:17316025 Source assertion: The E. coli K-12 mechanistic study describes initial C6 oxidation by bound NADP and subsequent reduction of the rotated keto intermediate; this is cofactor recycling during epimerization. Source location `/resultList/result[id="17316025"]/abstractText`
2 D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate => D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate `RHEA:27490`	part_of	`MetaCyc:PWY0-1241`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: PWY0-1241 explicitly includes RXN0-4301; the native reaction layout selects L2R. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-list; reaction-layout[Reaction/@frameid="RXN0-4301"]/direction` MetaCyc:RXN0-4301 Source assertion: RXN0-4301 has explicit RHEA 27490 unification cross-reference. Source location `Reaction[@frameid="RXN0-4301"]/dblink[dblink-db="RHEA"]/dblink-oid; dblink-relationship`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	part_of	`MetaCyc:PWY0-1241`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: PWY0-1241 explicitly includes RXN0-4341; the native reaction layout selects L2R. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-list; reaction-layout[Reaction/@frameid="RXN0-4341"]/direction` MetaCyc:RXN0-4341 Source assertion: RXN0-4341 has explicit RHEA 27474 unification cross-reference. Source location `Reaction[@frameid="RXN0-4341"]/dblink[dblink-db="RHEA"]/dblink-oid; dblink-relationship`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	part_of	`MetaCyc:PWY0-1241`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: PWY0-1241 explicitly includes RXN0-4361; the native reaction layout selects L2R. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-list; reaction-layout[Reaction/@frameid="RXN0-4361"]/direction` MetaCyc:RXN0-4361 Source assertion: RXN0-4361 has explicit RHEA 28519 unification cross-reference. Source location `Reaction[@frameid="RXN0-4361"]/dblink[dblink-db="RHEA"]/dblink-oid; dblink-relationship`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	part_of	`MetaCyc:PWY0-1241`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: PWY0-1241 explicitly includes RXN0-4342; the native reaction layout selects L2R. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-list; reaction-layout[Reaction/@frameid="RXN0-4342"]/direction` MetaCyc:RXN0-4342 Source assertion: RXN0-4342 has explicit RHEA 27466 unification cross-reference. Source location `Reaction[@frameid="RXN0-4342"]/dblink[dblink-db="RHEA"]/dblink-oid; dblink-relationship`
ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose => ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose `RHEA:17578`	part_of	`MetaCyc:PWY0-1241`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: PWY0-1241 explicitly includes 5.1.3.20-RXN; the native reaction layout selects L2R. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-list; reaction-layout[Reaction/@frameid="5.1.3.20-RXN"]/direction` MetaCyc:5.1.3.20-RXN Source assertion: 5.1.3.20-RXN has explicit RHEA 17578 unification cross-reference. Source location `Reaction[@frameid="5.1.3.20-RXN"]/dblink[dblink-db="RHEA"]/dblink-oid; dblink-relationship`
2 D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate => D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate `RHEA:27490`	provides_input_for A shared chemical and native predecessor relation establish this sequence; no physical channeling or obligatory enzyme complex is inferred.	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: RXN0-4341 has RXN0-4301 as its explicit predecessor in PWY0-1241. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-ordering` RHEA:27490 Source assertion: RHEA:27490 produces CHEBI:60204, the shared intermediate consumed by the next selected reaction. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27490 rh:products; rh:contains1` RHEA:27474 Source assertion: RHEA:27474 consumes CHEBI:60204. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27474 rh:substrates; rh:contains1`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate + ATP => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + ADP + H(+) `RHEA:27474`	provides_input_for A shared chemical and native predecessor relation establish this sequence; no physical channeling or obligatory enzyme complex is inferred.	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: RXN0-4361 has RXN0-4341 as its explicit predecessor in PWY0-1241. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-ordering` RHEA:27474 Source assertion: RHEA:27474 produces CHEBI:60208, the shared intermediate consumed by the next selected reaction. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27474 rh:products; rh:contains1` RHEA:28519 Source assertion: RHEA:28519 consumes CHEBI:60208. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28519 rh:substrates; rh:contains1`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O => D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate `RHEA:28519`	provides_input_for A shared chemical and native predecessor relation establish this sequence; no physical channeling or obligatory enzyme complex is inferred.	D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: RXN0-4342 has RXN0-4361 as its explicit predecessor in PWY0-1241. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-ordering` RHEA:28519 Source assertion: RHEA:28519 produces CHEBI:61593, the shared intermediate consumed by the next selected reaction. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/28519 rh:products; rh:contains1` RHEA:27466 Source assertion: RHEA:27466 consumes CHEBI:61593. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27466 rh:substrates; rh:contains1`
D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate + ATP + H(+) => ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose + diphosphate `RHEA:27466`	provides_input_for A shared chemical and native predecessor relation establish this sequence; no physical channeling or obligatory enzyme complex is inferred.	ADP-D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose => ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose `RHEA:17578`	MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 Source assertion: 5.1.3.20-RXN has RXN0-4342 as its explicit predecessor in PWY0-1241. Source location `Pathway[@frameid="PWY0-1241"]/reaction-ordering` RHEA:27466 Source assertion: RHEA:27466 produces CHEBI:59967, the shared intermediate consumed by the next selected reaction. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/27466 rh:products; rh:contains1` RHEA:17578 Source assertion: RHEA:17578 consumes CHEBI:59967. Source location `http://rdf.rhea-db.org/17578 rh:substrates; rh:contains1`

References

MetaCyc:5.1.3.20-RXN 5.1.3.20-RXN (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:CPLX0-3661 fused heptose 7-phosphate kinase/heptose 1-phosphate adenyltransferase (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:CPLX0-3681 ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:CPLX0-7660 D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate isomerase (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:EG10838-MONOMER EG10838-MONOMER (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:G6106-MONOMER G6106-MONOMER (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:G7590-MONOMER G7590-MONOMER (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:PWY0-1241 ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:RXN0-4301 RXN0-4301 (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:RXN0-4341 RXN0-4341 (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:RXN0-4342 RXN0-4342 (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
MetaCyc:RXN0-4361 RXN0-4361 (source version: MetaCyc 22.5; complete native XML retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:10896473 The crystal structure of ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase: catalysis with a twist. (source version: 2000; Europe PMC indexed primary abstract; digest covers complete core XML response, not full article retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:11313358 Evidence that NADP+ is the physiological cofactor of ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase. (source version: 2001; Europe PMC indexed primary abstract; digest covers complete core XML response, not full article retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:11751812 Biosynthesis pathway of ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose in Escherichia coli. (source version: 2002; complete primary article HTML/BioC response; exact response bytes retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:16030223 Functional analysis of the glycero-manno-heptose 7-phosphate kinase domain from the bifunctional HldE protein, which is involved in ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis. (source version: 2005; Europe PMC indexed primary abstract; digest covers complete core XML response, not full article retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:17316025 A two-base mechanism for Escherichia coli ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose 6-epimerase. (source version: 2007; Europe PMC indexed primary abstract; digest covers complete core XML response, not full article retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:18056714 Structure and function of sedoheptulose-7-phosphate isomerase, a critical enzyme for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and a target for antibiotic adjuvants. (source version: 2008; Europe PMC indexed primary abstract; digest covers complete core XML response, not full article retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:20050614 Structural determinants of substrate recognition in the HAD superfamily member D-glycero-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase (GmhB) . (source version: 2010; complete primary article HTML/BioC response; exact response bytes retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:20050615 Divergence of biochemical function in the HAD superfamily: D-glycero-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase (GmhB). (source version: 2010; complete primary article HTML/BioC response; exact response bytes retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
PMID:7929099 Purification and properties of the Escherichia coli K-12 NAD-dependent nucleotide diphosphosugar epimerase, ADP-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose 6-epimerase. (source version: 1994; Europe PMC indexed primary abstract; digest covers complete core XML response, not full article retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
RHEA:17578 Rhea directional reaction 17578 (source version: Rhea 142, 2026-09-02; digest covers complete compressed RDF, with exact reaction and side locators in evidence)
RHEA:27466 Rhea directional reaction 27466 (source version: Rhea 142, 2026-09-02; digest covers complete compressed RDF, with exact reaction and side locators in evidence)
RHEA:27474 Rhea directional reaction 27474 (source version: Rhea 142, 2026-09-02; digest covers complete compressed RDF, with exact reaction and side locators in evidence)
RHEA:27490 Rhea directional reaction 27490 (source version: Rhea 142, 2026-09-02; digest covers complete compressed RDF, with exact reaction and side locators in evidence)
RHEA:28519 Rhea directional reaction 28519 (source version: Rhea 142, 2026-09-02; digest covers complete compressed RDF, with exact reaction and side locators in evidence)
UniProtKB:P63224 Phosphoheptose isomerase (source version: UniProt 2026_03, released 2026-09-02; complete reviewed JSON retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
UniProtKB:P63228 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase (source version: UniProt 2026_03, released 2026-09-02; complete reviewed JSON retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
UniProtKB:P67910 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose-6-epimerase (source version: UniProt 2026_03, released 2026-09-02; complete reviewed JSON retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)
UniProtKB:P76658 Bifunctional protein HldE (source version: UniProt 2026_03, released 2026-09-02; complete reviewed JSON retrieved 2026-10-11 UTC)

Curation history

2026-10-11T02:29:46Z Codex
- CREATE — Add the complete five-reaction ADP-heptose pathway.
  Resolved GmhA identity against native and current authorities, preserved both formal GmhA anomers and all five steps, and distinguished enzyme assemblies, catalytic metal alternatives, structural zinc and recycled NADP. Source and duplicate-search dossiers are in research/pathway_additions/2026-10-11-nicotine-next; shared authorities, generated pages, final gates and independent reviews are recorded separately.
Read this curation session