infraciliary lattice

cellstructuremech:infraciliary_lattice · Cytoskeleton · Other · Proposed

A subcortical, calcium-responsive contractile network of centrin-containing filaments in Paramecium, assembled with Sfi1-like centrin-binding proteins. The mesh extends beneath the cell surface and is distinct from the basal-body-associated organizing centres and ICL1e complex that can persist when the extended lattice is lost. [DOI:10.1242/bio.024273]

Confocal Figure 2: wild-type Paramecium tetraurelia lattice in A/A1/A2, contrasted with BP ICL-less cells and residual basal-body-associated structures in B/B1/B2. GFP-Cen15 (ICL1e subfamily) is green, 1A9-labelled ICL centrins magenta, and basal bodies blue where shown. Arrows mark the separate ICL1e dot. Scale bars: 20 micrometres in A/B; 1 micrometre in insets. FLUORESCENCE · *Paramecium tetraurelia* (`NCBITaxon:5888`) · Anne Aubusson-Fleury, Guillaume Balavoine, Michel Lemullois, Khaled Bouhouche, Janine Beisson, France Koll; CC BY, via PubMed Central; Aubusson-Fleury et al., Centrin diversity and basal body patterning across evolution: new insights from Paramecium, Biology Open (2017), doi:10.1242/bio.024273. Copyright 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. CC BY 3.0; unmodified Figure 2. · CC_BY_3_0 · source: PMC PMC5483020.1 BIO024273F2 · `DOI:10.1242/bio.024273`

Synonyms: ICL

Part of: GO:0030863 — cortical cytoskeleton (no local record)

UniProt location names: UniProt Consortium, CC BY 4.0. Reference label and route sources.

Components

Component	Type	Part of / acts on	Grounding	Genes	Stoichiometry	Essential	Role
Infraciliary-lattice centrins	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)			ESSENTIAL	Calcium-binding centrin-family constituents of the lattice. ICL1e-family depletion strips the extended network; essentiality here concerns lattice assembly, not cell viability or a requirement for every centrin homologue. `DOI:10.1242/bio.024273` Localization Results, depletion Results and Figures 2 and 4 distinguish lattice centrins from basal-body-associated signals. `DOI:10.1242/jcs.019414` Abstract read: proteomics identifies ten centrin subfamilies required for ICL biogenesis. Full experimental text was not reached.
Infraciliary-lattice Sfi1-like centrin-binding proteins	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)			ESSENTIAL	Scaffold class required for extended lattice assembly, exemplified by PtCenBP1. Not a claim that PtCenBP1 is the complete scaffold inventory. `DOI:10.1128/EC.00197-07` RNAi and GFP-fragment experiments support PtCenBP1 membership and assembly dependence. `DOI:10.1242/jcs.019414` Abstract read: two Sfi1-like protein subfamilies are required for ICL biogenesis. Full experimental text was not reached.

Canonical examples

NCBITaxon:5888 Paramecium tetraurelia — Wild-type reference strain d4-2 and mutant backgrounds were studied. Figure 2 compares an intact wild-type lattice with the BP ICL-less state; Methods identifies Delta-CenBP1/nd7-1 among the strains. The species taxon is verified at ENA; no strain identifier or clade-wide prevalence is inferred. [DOI:10.1242/bio.024273]

Functions

Calcium-dependent lattice contractility — Supports cell contraction during secretagogue-induced calcium influx in the experimental Paramecium system; not assigned as a locomotory motor.
- DOI:10.1128/EC.00197-07 AED assay and PtCenBP1 RNAi connect lattice integrity with contractility.
Post-exocytotic calcium-signal downregulation — Supports rapid recovery of intracellular calcium after exocytosis stimulation. ICL-less Delta-PtCenBP1 cells show slower signal decay without a change in initial signal generation; the authors interpret this as endogenous buffering.
- DOI:10.1016/j.ceca.2008.06.004 Primary abstract read: Fura Red ratio imaging compares d4-2 with Delta-PtCenBP1. Full methods were not reached; quantitative decay values are not curated.

Mechanism graphs

Constituent requirements for lattice assembly (ASSEMBLY)

Subject	Predicate	Object	Evidence
Infraciliary-lattice centrins	are required for assembly of	Assembled infraciliary lattice	`DOI:10.1242/bio.024273` ICL1e-family RNAi strips the wild-type mesh; the separate basal-body-associated complex is outside this edge.
Infraciliary-lattice Sfi1-like centrin-binding proteins	are required for assembly of	Assembled infraciliary lattice	`DOI:10.1128/EC.00197-07` PtCenBP1 depletion disassembles the mesh; recovery permits reassembly. `DOI:10.1242/jcs.019414` Abstract reports assembly requirements for both scaffold subfamilies.

Discussions

CURATION_TODO (RESOLVED): Separate the infraciliary lattice from other centrin assemblies and ontology lattices. Similar names, shared centrin and neighboring localization do not establish structural identity.
CURATION_TODO (OPEN): Resolve exact source-neutral families for the ICL centrin and scaffold classes. A broad family or domain must not silently substitute for the experimentally delimited component class.
CURATION_TODO (RESOLVED): Do not transfer ICL1e-complex anchoring functions to the whole extended lattice. ICL-less cells retain basal-body-associated material, while centrin depletion affects more than one assembly.
CURATION_TODO (OPEN): Resolve taxonomic extent and finer molecular mechanisms with direct evidence. Centrin conservation and network morphology do not establish universal lattice occurrence or a resolved contraction mechanism.
CURATION_TODO (RESOLVED): Identify intact and ICL-less panels and preserve the figure's exact licence. Residual dots in a knockout are not an intact lattice, and different antibody targets are not interchangeable.

Evidence

DOI:10.1242/bio.024273 Aubusson-Fleury et al. (2017). Read Introduction, ICL1e localization and depletion Results, strain, RNAi, immunostaining and microscopy Methods, and Figure 2 legend in Europe PMC JATS. These delimit the extended lattice and surviving basal-body-associated structures.
DOI:10.1128/EC.00197-07 Gogendeau et al. (2007). Publisher abstract, Methods, RNAi/localization Results and opening Discussion read. Earlier PMC and Europe PMC routes failed; the ASM publisher body subsequently succeeded.
DOI:10.1242/jcs.019414 Gogendeau et al. (2008). Europe PMC primary abstract read. DOI and publisher-search routes did not yield full text; no detailed methods, exact paralogue inventory or copy numbers are claimed.
DOI:10.1016/j.ceca.2008.06.004 Sehring et al. (2009). Europe PMC primary abstract read. DOI retrieval failed and a public PDF lead did not establish full-body access. The function is retained only at the explicitly reported qualitative comparison.
GO:0005622 Verified non-obsolete intracellular anatomical structure, used as a broad is-a parent.
GO:0030863 — cortical cytoskeleton Verified non-obsolete cortical cytoskeleton. The subcortical lattice is treated as a proper part, not the entire cortical framework.

Curation history

2026-10-03T20:44:50Z codex · CREATED_RECORD — Scaffolded by scripts/new_record.py
2026-10-03T20:46:26Z codex · EXPANDED_RECORD — Added scoped primary evidence, component classes, calcium-related functions, assembly dependencies, boundary discussions and the verified CC BY 3.0 confocal Figure 2.
2026-10-03T20:47:04Z codex · CORRECTED_ATTRIBUTION — Preserved the JATS distinction between the copyright notice and publisher without assigning an unstated copyright holder.

Source: data/structures/cytoskeleton/infraciliary_lattice.yaml