Peritrich body myoneme system

cellstructuremech:peritrich_body_myoneme_system · Cytoskeleton · Other · Proposed

An interconnected contractile fiber system in the cell body of peritrich ciliates, comprising longitudinal and peristomial fibers. In Vorticella, body myonemes converge aborally into the distinct stalk spasmoneme. This record denotes the body network, not the stalk organelle, ciliary apparatus or an individual protein. [https://ilacadofsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/102-15MS2905-print.pdf]

Vorticella convallaria cortical myoneme in a thin cryosection labeled with anti-alpha-centrin and gold-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG. The source interprets gold at the myoneme as centrin localization. TEM acquired by D. Kunkel on 1994-08-18; unmodified source-served preview, not a calibrated measurement. TEM · *Vorticella convallaria* (`NCBITaxon:60850`) · Richard Allen (University of Hawaii); via Cell Image Library · PUBLIC_DOMAIN · source: CELL_IMAGE_LIBRARY CIL:39513 · `DOI:10.7295/W9CIL39513`

Synonyms: body myonemes; myoneme system

Part of: GO:0005856 — cytoskeleton (no local record)

UniProt location names: UniProt Consortium, CC BY 4.0. Reference label and route sources.

Components

Component	Type	Part of / acts on	Grounding	Genes	Stoichiometry	Essential	Role
Centrin/spasmin-family proteins	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)			UNKNOWN	Immunolocalized constituents in V. convallaria; not an exhaustive or pan-peritrich inventory. `https://ilacadofsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/102-15MS2905-print.pdf` Figure 3 labels body fibers with N-termVcCentrin4 and 1F5 antibodies.

Canonical examples

NCBITaxon:60850 Vorticella convallaria — Body-network immunolocalization; also the organism identified by CIL:39513. [https://ilacadofsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/102-15MS2905-print.pdf]
NCBITaxon:168242 Campanella umbellaria — Protargol reveals interconnected longitudinal and circular fibers. Abstract-only morphological example, not molecular composition or a contraction perturbation assay. [DOI:10.1002/jmor.10225]

Functions

Cell-body contraction — Body fibers support zooid shortening; calcium-response evidence is from Vorticella.
- https://ilacadofsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/102-15MS2905-print.pdf Distinguishes body myonemes from stalk spasmoneme.
- DOI:10.1242/jeb.189.1.163 Abstract reports calcium-induced body shrinkage in living and Triton-extracted preparations.

Mechanism graphs

Vorticella cell-body calcium responses (FUNCTION)

Separate live-cell and detergent-extracted interventions.

Subject	Predicate	Object	Evidence
Calcium-buffer injection into living Vorticella	elicits	Graded live cell-body shrinkage	`DOI:10.1242/jeb.189.1.163` Abstract point 3; the stalk instead responds all-or-nothing in this experiment.
Raised external calcium in Triton-extracted Vorticella	elicits	Extracted cell-body shrinkage	`DOI:10.1242/jeb.189.1.163` Abstract points 1-2; not a measurement of intact-cell calcium access.

Discussions

CURATION_TODO (RESOLVED): Separate the body network from stalk and other ciliate contractile structures. Continuity and shared proteins do not establish identical subcellular boundaries.
CURATION_TODO (OPEN): Resolve molecular inventory, exact family groundings and assembly requirements. Antibody localization is not a complete native assembly reconstruction.
CURATION_TODO (RESOLVED): Keep body localization distinct from stalk immunogold measurements. Different compartments and antibodies cannot supply interchangeable measurements.
CURATION_TODO (OPEN): Resolve the native calcium-handling and contraction mechanism. Response to an intervention does not identify the molecular machinery that mediates it.
CURATION_TODO (OPEN): Identify molecular constituents before separately curating the ER-myoneme linkage complex. A recognizable substructure need not have an identified protein inventory.
CURATION_TODO (RESOLVED): Keep the source preview and antibody interpretation within their documented scope. A qualitative preview is not a calibrated raw image or an isoform-resolved assay.

Evidence

https://ilacadofsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/102-15MS2905-print.pdf Konior et al. (2009), 102:161-174. Complete main PDF and legends read; Figure 3 visually inspected.
DOI:10.1002/jmor.10225 Shi et al. (2004). Primary PubMed abstract read; checked publisher full-text routes were inaccessible.
DOI:10.1242/jeb.189.1.163 Katoh and Naitoh (1994). PubMed and publisher abstracts read; full publisher text requires access.
DOI:10.1083/jcb.56.2.559 Allen (1973). Complete 21-page PMC2108889.1 PDF read; Figures 1, 7-10 and 19 inspected.
DOI:10.7295/W9CIL39513 Per-item JSON-LD and source preview inspected; public-domain dedication verified.
GO:0005622 Non-obsolete intracellular anatomical structure; broad is-a parent only.
GO:0005856 — cytoskeleton Non-obsolete cytoskeleton; used as a parthood target, not exact identity.

Curation history

2026-10-03T23:23:39Z codex · CREATED_RECORD — Scaffolded by scripts/new_record.py
2026-10-03T23:25:09Z codex · EXPANDED_RECORD — Added scoped peritrich identity, verified examples, centrin/spasmin localization, separate live/extracted calcium responses, evidence limitations and verified CIL preview.
2026-10-03T23:47:03Z codex · CLARIFIED_ASSAY_SCOPE — Qualified the Konior study's light-microscopy statement and distinguished the separate CIL immunogold TEM dataset after self-review issue #2004.

Source: data/structures/cytoskeleton/peritrich_body_myoneme_system.yaml