All families / PF12821
PF12821: ThrE_2
Threonine/Serine exporter, ThrE
- Curation status
- SEEDED
- Seed status
- EX DUF
- Characterization
- UNSCORED
Grounding
PF12821: Threonine/Serine exporter, ThrE
IPR024528: integrated entry for Threonine/Serine exporter, ThrE
Source description
ThrE_2 is a family of membrane proteins involved in the export of threonine and serine. L-threonine, L-serine are both substrates for the exporter. The exporter exhibits nine-ten predicted transmembrane-spanning helices with long charged C and N termini and an amphipathic helix present within the N terminus [InterPro reference PUB00075687]. L-Threonine can be made by the amino acid-producing bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum, but the potential for amino acid formation can be considerably improved by reducing its intracellular degradation into glycine and increasing its export by this exporter [InterPro reference PUB00075540]. Members of the family are found in Bacteria, Archaea, and the fungal kingdoms, and the family can exist either as a single long polypeptide chain or as two short polypeptides [InterPro reference PUB00075540]. All family members show an extended hydrophilic N-terminal domain with weak sequence similarity to portions of hydrolases (proteases, peptidases, and glycosidases); this suggests that since this region is cytoplasmic to the membrane it may be generating the transport substrate, so may imply that threonine may not be the primary substrate and the ThrE has a subsidiary function [InterPro reference PUB00075688].
Evidence and references
- InterPro entry and its literature references. PUB identifiers are internal InterPro references, not PubMed identifiers. Unresolved citations link to the originating entry.
- Frozen description source: InterPro/Pfam API
Source descriptions and links are provenance, not independent functional validation.
Evidence counts: not scored.
Curated functional assertions
No curated functional assertions supplied.
Protein sequence examples
2 verified sequence examples. FASTA
| UniProt | Protein / organism | Sequence | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|
| P0ADD2 | Probable succinate transporter subunit YjjB Escherichia coli (strain K12) | 157 aa; version 2 UniProt 2026_03 | PTM REGISTRY MIRROR |
| P42946 | Pheromone-regulated membrane protein 10 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) | 383 aa; version 1 UniProt 2026_03 | UNIPROT FETCH |
Pfam membership is not functional evidence. Whole-protein sequences do not establish domain boundaries. A coverage gap here is not absence from UniProt.
Sequences and metadata: UniProt Consortium, CC BY 4.0.
Domain matches
No residue-level domain match evidence is available in this build. Structure and AlphaFold counters do not supply coordinates or establish function.
Snapshot counters
- proteins
- 10,824
- matches
- 10,824
- proteomes
- 8,695
- taxa
- 12,795
- structures
- 0
- alphafold models
- 7,122
- domain architectures
- 35
Classification basis
pfam previous unknown name
No scoring reasons supplied.
Related Mech records
This family joined the worklist after the frozen cross-Mech scan, so other Mechs were not searched for it. Missing links here are not evidence that other Mechs lack it; rows shown come from mentions of a former DUF/UPF name.
No cross-Mech examples are present in the supplied snapshot.
Curation history and reviews
No retained curation events supplied.
No retained review supplied.
Record source
Status and evidence
- Seed status
- A name-based classification of frozen InterPro/Pfam metadata. UNKNOWN CANDIDATE means the metadata explicitly says the function is unknown. KNOWN HISTORICAL DUF means a DUF name matched without that wording; this heuristic is not proof of a known function and does not establish experimental characterization. EX DUF means Pfam renamed the family away from a DUF/UPF name, as recorded in Pfam's previous identifiers; a rename usually follows published work on some members but is naming history, not proof of function for every member. Some EX DUF families' current names or descriptions still say the function is unknown; their classification basis lists this, and scoring does not treat them as characterized. FALSE POSITIVE TEXT HIT means the naming rules did not match.
- Characterization
- A separate evidence-scoring result. UNSCORED means no score has been calculated; it is not evidence that the family lacks a known function. Missing scores are not negative evidence. PARTIALLY CHARACTERIZED has partial support; KNOWN HISTORICAL DUF can inherit the seed label or reflect a known-function signal. Neither label implies experimental validation.
- Evidence counts
- Source-specific signals, not unique proteins, publications, or confidence scores. Known counts Rhea reactions and experimentally supported GO molecular-function annotations. Partial counts functional/domain assignments. Context counts structural, environmental, orthology, interaction and neighborhood signals; context alone does not assign function. Repeated annotations may not be independent.
- Curation status
- Reported separately from seed classification and characterization. SNAPSHOT ONLY means no curated metadata was supplied for this build. SEEDED denotes a source-derived record, not an expert-reviewed functional claim.
- Missing counts
- Not available means the source did not supply that counter. A zero is a reported count. Not scored means evidence counts are unavailable.