elongator holoenzyme complex

GO:0033588 · Other · Multiprotein complex · Proposed

A heterohexameric protein complex composed two discrete heterotrimeric subcomplexes that is involved in modification of wobble nucleosides in tRNA. [GO:0033588]

Synonyms: holo-Elongator; Holo-Elongator complex

UniProt location names: UniProt Consortium, CC BY 4.0. Reference label and route sources.

Components

Component	Type	Part of / acts on	Grounding	Genes	Essential	Role
Elp1 Elongator subunit	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	ELP1	UNKNOWN	Protein constituent of the budding-yeast Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 heterotrimeric Elongator subcomplex. `DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp2 Elongator subunit	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	ELP2	UNKNOWN	Protein constituent of the budding-yeast Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 heterotrimeric Elongator subcomplex. `DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp3 Elongator subunit	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	ELP3	UNKNOWN	Protein constituent of the budding-yeast Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 heterotrimeric Elongator subcomplex. `DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp4 Elongator subunit	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	ELP4	UNKNOWN	Protein constituent of the budding-yeast Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 heterotrimeric Elongator subcomplex. `DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp5 Elongator subunit	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	ELP5	UNKNOWN	Protein constituent of the budding-yeast Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 heterotrimeric Elongator subcomplex. `DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp6 Elongator subunit	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	ELP6	UNKNOWN	Protein constituent of the budding-yeast Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 heterotrimeric Elongator subcomplex. `DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.

Taxonomic distribution

NCBITaxon:4932 Saccharomyces cerevisiae — COMMON: Budding yeast is the organism from which Winkler et al. 2001 and Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified the six-subunit Elongator holoenzyme. [DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200]

Canonical examples

NCBITaxon:4932 Saccharomyces cerevisiae — Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified budding-yeast Holo-Elongator and recovered the six Elp1-Elp6 constituents after tandem-affinity purification of any single subunit. [DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001]

Functions

tRNA wobble base modification GO:0002097 — Elongator supports post-transcriptional modification of tRNA wobble nucleosides at anticodon position 34.
- GO:0033588 Gene Ontology annotates GO:0033588 as capable_of_part_of GO:0002097, tRNA wobble base modification.
- GO:0002097 GO:0002097 is the Gene Ontology biological-process term for post-transcriptional modification of the position-34 tRNA wobble base.
- DOI:10.1261/rna.7247705 Huang et al. 2005 showed that the Elongator complex is required for an early step of tRNA wobble uridine modification.

Mechanism graphs

Elongator supports yeast tRNA wobble-base modification (FUNCTION)

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes form the six-subunit Elongator holoenzyme, which supports tRNA wobble-base modification.

Subject	Predicate	Object	Evidence
Elp1 Elongator subunit	contributes to	elongator holoenzyme complex	`DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp2 Elongator subunit	contributes to	elongator holoenzyme complex	`DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp3 Elongator subunit	contributes to	elongator holoenzyme complex	`DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp4 Elongator subunit	contributes to	elongator holoenzyme complex	`DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp5 Elongator subunit	contributes to	elongator holoenzyme complex	`DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
Elp6 Elongator subunit	contributes to	elongator holoenzyme complex	`DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200` Winkler et al. 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae holo-Elongator and reported a six-subunit factor separable into Elp1-Elp2-Elp3 and Elp4-Elp5-Elp6 subcomplexes. `DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001` Krogan and Greenblatt 2001 purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae Holo-Elongator and found that tagging any one of the six Elp subunits yielded all six components.
elongator holoenzyme complex	supports	tRNA wobble base modification	`GO:0033588` Gene Ontology annotates the Elongator holoenzyme complex as capable_of_part_of tRNA wobble base modification. `DOI:10.1261/rna.7247705` Huang et al. 2005 showed that Elongator is required for an early step of tRNA wobble uridine modification.

Discussions

CURATION_TODO (OPEN): Resolve exact source-neutral family groundings for the Elp1-Elp6 Elongator holoenzyme constituent classes. The budding-yeast Elp proteins participate in two heterotrimeric subcomplexes, but exact InterPro, Pfam, NCBIfam or UniProt family CURIEs should only be curated after verifying that they denote the full subunit class rather than a shared WD-repeat, acetyltransferase or recA-like domain.

Evidence

GO:0033588 Gene Ontology cellular-component term for the unrestricted, non-obsolete elongator holoenzyme complex.
GO:0140535 Gene Ontology cellular-component parent term for intracellular protein-containing complexes.
GO:1902494 Gene Ontology cellular-component parent term for catalytic complexes.
GO:0002097 Gene Ontology biological-process term for tRNA wobble base modification.
PMID:11435442 PubMed identifier for Winkler et al. 2001, the yeast holo-Elongator purification and two-subcomplex composition paper.
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M105303200 DOI for Winkler et al. 2001, 'RNA polymerase II elongator holoenzyme is composed of two discrete subcomplexes', verified through NCBI E-utilities.
PMID:11689709 PubMed identifier for Krogan and Greenblatt 2001, the six-subunit budding-yeast Holo-Elongator paper.
DOI:10.1128/MCB.21.23.8203-8212.2001 DOI for Krogan and Greenblatt 2001, 'Characterization of a six-subunit holo-elongator complex required for the regulated expression of a group of genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae', verified through NCBI E-utilities.
PMID:15769872 PubMed identifier for Huang et al. 2005, the Elongator tRNA wobble uridine modification paper.
DOI:10.1261/rna.7247705 DOI for Huang et al. 2005, 'An early step in wobble uridine tRNA modification requires the Elongator complex', verified through NCBI E-utilities.

Curation history

2026-09-27T08:06:42Z codex · CREATED_RECORD — Scaffolded by scripts/new_record.py
2026-09-27T08:08:27Z codex · EXPANDED_RECORD — Added Elongator exact synonymy, direct GO parentage, six budding-yeast Elongator constituent rows, yeast scope, tRNA wobble-base modification function, GO/PubMed/DOI evidence, a nonmechanistic function graph, and an Elongator subunit-grounding TODO.
2026-09-27T08:09:10Z codex · REFINED_EVIDENCE_NOTES — Normalized Winkler et al. Elongator composition evidence notes to name Saccharomyces cerevisiae explicitly.

Source: data/structures/other/elongator_holoenzyme_complex.yaml