MIS12/MIND type complex

GO:0000444 · Other · Multiprotein complex · Proposed

A multiprotein kinetochore subcomplex that binds to centromeric chromatin and forms part of the outer kinetochore. It helps to recruit outer kinetochore subunits that will bind to microtubules. In humans, it consists of MIS12, DSN1, NSL1 and PMF1. [GO:0000444]

Synonyms: MIND complex; Mis12 complex; Mtw1p Including Nnf1p-Nsl1p-Dsn1p complex; nuclear MIS12/MIND complex

Part of: kinetochore (GO:0000776)

UniProt location names: UniProt Consortium, CC BY 4.0. Reference label and route sources.

Components

Component	Type	Part of / acts on	Grounding	Genes	Essential	Role
MIS12/Mtw1 subunit family	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	MIS12, MTW1	UNKNOWN	Named MIS12/Mtw1-family constituent of the MIS12/MIND type kinetochore subcomplex. `GO:0000444` GO:0000444 names MIS12 and the budding-yeast Mtw1p complex as part of the same kinetochore subcomplex. `DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403` De Wulf, McAinsh and Sorger 2003 named Mtw1p as the M subunit of the budding-yeast MIND complex. `DOI:10.1083/jcb.200509158` Kline et al. 2006 reconstituted the human Mis12 complex with hMis12 as one of four stable complex members.
Dsn1 subunit family	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	DSN1	UNKNOWN	Conserved Dsn1-family constituent of the MIS12/MIND type kinetochore subcomplex. `GO:0000444` GO:0000444 names Dsn1/DSN1 as part of MIS12/MIND type complexes. `DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403` De Wulf, McAinsh and Sorger 2003 included Dsn1p in the budding-yeast Mtw1/MIND complex. `DOI:10.1083/jcb.200509158` Kline et al. 2006 found hDsn1 in a stable four-subunit human Mis12 complex.
Nsl1 subunit family	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	NSL1	UNKNOWN	Conserved Nsl1-family constituent of the MIS12/MIND type kinetochore subcomplex. `GO:0000444` GO:0000444 names Nsl1/NSL1 as part of MIS12/MIND type complexes. `DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403` De Wulf, McAinsh and Sorger 2003 included Nsl1p in the budding-yeast Mtw1/MIND complex. `DOI:10.1083/jcb.200509158` Kline et al. 2006 found hNsl1 in a stable four-subunit human Mis12 complex.
Nnf1/PMF1 subunit family	Protein	part of	Reviewed label only (reviewed name; no accession asserted)	NNF1, PMF1	UNKNOWN	Nnf1/PMF1-family constituent of the MIS12/MIND type kinetochore subcomplex. `GO:0000444` GO:0000444 names budding-yeast Nnf1p and human PMF1 within MIS12/MIND type complexes. `DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403` De Wulf, McAinsh and Sorger 2003 included Nnf1p in the budding-yeast Mtw1/MIND complex. `DOI:10.1083/jcb.200509158` Kline et al. 2006 found hNnf1/PMF1 in a stable four-subunit human Mis12 complex.

Taxonomic distribution

NCBITaxon:4932 Saccharomyces cerevisiae — COMMON: Budding yeast uses a Mtw1p-Nnf1p-Nsl1p-Dsn1p MIND complex as a bridge within its multi-subcomplex kinetochore. [DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403]

Canonical examples

NCBITaxon:4932 Saccharomyces cerevisiae — Reference yeast system in which MIND was named as a four-protein kinetochore bridge complex. [DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403]

Functions

outer kinetochore subunit recruitment — MIS12/MIND type complexes bridge centromeric chromatin-proximal kinetochore material to outer microtubule-binding assemblies.
- GO:0000444 GO:0000444 defines the MIS12/MIND type complex by binding centromeric chromatin and helping recruit microtubule-binding outer kinetochore subunits.
- DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403 De Wulf, McAinsh and Sorger 2003 classified yeast MIND as a bridge between DNA-proximal and microtubule-bound kinetochore subunits.

Mechanism graphs

MIS12/MIND bridges centromeric and outer kinetochore modules (ASSEMBLY)

MIS12/MIND is an outer-kinetochore subcomplex that binds centromeric chromatin-proximal assemblies and helps recruit microtubule-binding outer kinetochore subunits.

Subject	Predicate	Object	Evidence
MIS12/MIND type complex	is a	outer kinetochore	`GO:0000444` GO:0000444 is a child of GO:0000940 outer kinetochore.
outer kinetochore	is part of	kinetochore	`GO:0000940` GO:0000940 defines the outer kinetochore as the region of a kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA.
MIS12/MIND type complex	is part of	kinetochore	`GO:0000444` GO:0000444 defines MIS12/MIND as a kinetochore subcomplex.
MIS12/MIND type complex	helps recruit	outer microtubule-binding kinetochore subunits	`GO:0000444` GO:0000444 describes MIS12/MIND as helping recruit outer microtubule-binding subunits. `DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403` De Wulf, McAinsh and Sorger 2003 classified yeast MIND as a bridge between DNA-proximal and microtubule-bound kinetochore subunits.

Discussions

CURATION_TODO (OPEN): Resolve exact source-neutral family groundings for the MIS12/Mtw1, Dsn1, Nsl1 and Nnf1/PMF1 subunits. The conserved complex is represented by different yeast and vertebrate symbols, and no exact InterPro, Pfam, NCBIfam or UniProtKB family CURIE was verified for these cross-taxon subunit families in this pass.
INTERPRETATION (RESOLVED): Keep recruited outer microtubule-binding subunits outside the MIS12/MIND component list. GO:0000444 frames MIS12/MIND as a complex that helps recruit outer microtubule-binding subunits; those downstream outer subunits belong as a recruited class in the graph, not as constituent components.

Evidence

GO:0000444 Gene Ontology cellular-component term for the MIS12/MIND type complex.
GO:0000940 Gene Ontology cellular-component parent term for outer kinetochore.
GO:0000776 Gene Ontology cellular-component term for kinetochore.
DOI:10.1101/gad.1144403 De Wulf, McAinsh and Sorger 2003, Hierarchical assembly of the budding yeast kinetochore from multiple subcomplexes, Genes & Development.
DOI:10.1083/jcb.200509158 Kline et al. 2006, The human Mis12 complex is required for kinetochore assembly and proper chromosome segregation, Journal of Cell Biology.

Curation history

2026-09-15T11:08:08Z codex · CREATED_RECORD — Scaffolded by scripts/new_record.py
2026-09-15T11:09:38Z codex · EXPANDED_RECORD — Added GO synonymy, outer-kinetochore subclassing and kinetochore parthood, four reviewed label-only MIS12/MIND subunits, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae taxonomic example, outer-subunit recruitment function, DOI/GO evidence, a nonmechanistic MIS12/MIND-to-Ndc80 assembly graph, a subunit-grounding TODO, and an Ndc80 boundary decision.
2026-09-15T11:30:11Z codex · REVIEW_FIXES — Resolved #969 and #970 by replacing the Ndc80-specific graph target with a generic outer microtubule-binding subunit class and adding the outer-kinetochore-to-kinetochore parthood edge.

Source: data/structures/other/mis12_mind_type_complex.yaml