HabitatMech

marine sediment

ENVO:03000033 ·resolve ·AQUATIC ·EXACT SEEDED

Sediment which has been transported through the marine water column, settling on the seafloor. — ENVO

SEEDED workflow status. The source-seeding rules supplied this record; consult its curation history for later attributed changes. This status does not establish human review.

Source attestations

Each upstream vocabulary's own account of this habitat. Assertion counts are per-source units and are not comparable across sources — GOLD counts organisms, BacDive strains, PREGO taxa.

What each upstream vocabulary says about this habitat
SourceLabel / pathAssertionsUnit
ENVIRONMENTS_TABLE sediment_marine
Physicochemical parameter bands from kg-microbe's environment table.		 —
GOLD Environmental > Aquatic > Marine > Sediment
2 GOLD ecosystem node ids share this path; first shown. See data/raw/gold_ecosystem_paths.tsv.		 1035 ORGANISM
MADIN marine sediment 837 TAXON

Broader habitats

Environmental parameters

Physicochemical parameters
ParameterValueSource
PHhighkg-microbe environments.csv (sediment_marine)
SALINITYhighkg-microbe environments.csv (sediment_marine)
SALINITY_VARIABILITYsmallkg-microbe environments.csv (sediment_marine)
STRUCTURAL_COMPLEXITYmediumkg-microbe environments.csv (sediment_marine)
TEMPERATURE_VARIABILITYlowkg-microbe environments.csv (sediment_marine)
WATER_AVAILABILITYhighkg-microbe environments.csv (sediment_marine)
WATER_VARIABILITYpermanently wetkg-microbe environments.csv (sediment_marine)

Causal graphs

Marine sediment sulfate sulfur cycling

Marine sediment receives settling organic particles and seawater sulfate; oxygen depletion in porewater selects sulfate-reducing microorganisms that mineralize organic carbon to sulfide, and the sulfide is either reoxidized by sulfur-cycling microorganisms or trapped with reactive iron as reduced sulfur minerals.

Directed graph · arrows run from subject to object. Focus or hover over a node or arrow for details; the evidence table follows.
Marine sediment sulfate sulfur cycling 14 nodes and 14 directed relationships. Labels and evidence are also available in the adjacent table. marine sediment — receives → settling marine particles; Evidence: PMID:31388058 receives settling marine particles — buries → buried organic matter; Evidence: PMID:31388058 buries buried organic matter — contributes to → oxygen depletion; Evidence: PMID:31105660 contributes to oxygen depletion — creates → anoxic porewater; Evidence: PMID:31388058 creates marine sediment — receives → seawater sulfate; Evidence: PMID:31105660 receives seawater sulfate — selects for → sulfate-reducing microorganisms; Evidence: PMID:28419734 selects for anoxic porewater — enables → microbial sulfate reduction; Evidence: PMID:35308366 enables sulfate-reducing microorganisms — performs → microbial sulfate reduction; Evidence: PMID:28419734 performs microbial sulfate reduction — drives → carbon mineralization; Evidence: PMID:31105660 drives microbial sulfate reduction — produces → hydrogen sulfide; Evidence: PMID:28419734 produces hydrogen sulfide — selects for → sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms; Evidence: PMID:31105660 selects for sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms — performs → sulfide oxidation; Evidence: PMID:28419734 performs reactive iron minerals — reacts with → hydrogen sulfide; Evidence: DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117841 reacts with hydrogen sulfide — produces → iron sulfide minerals; Evidence: PMID:31105660 produces marine sediment (HABITAT); marine_sediment; ENVO:03000033 HABITAT marine sediment settling marine particles (ENVIRONMENTAL_FACTOR); settling_marine_particles ENVIRONMENTAL_FACTOR settling marine particles buried organic matter (CHEMICAL); buried_organic_matter CHEMICAL buried organic matter oxygen depletion (ENVIRONMENTAL_PARAMETER); oxygen_depletion ENVIRONMENTAL_PARAMETER oxygen depletion anoxic porewater (STATE); anoxic_porewater STATE anoxic porewater seawater sulfate (CHEMICAL); seawater_sulfate CHEMICAL seawater sulfate sulfate-reducing microorganisms (TAXON); sulfate_reducing_microorganisms TAXON sulfate-reducing microorganisms microbial sulfate reduction (PATHWAY); microbial_sulfate_reduction PATHWAY microbial sulfate reduction carbon mineralization (COMMUNITY_PROCESS); carbon_mineralization COMMUNITY_PROCESS carbon mineralization hydrogen sulfide (CHEMICAL); hydrogen_sulfide CHEMICAL hydrogen sulfide sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms (TAXON); sulfur_oxidizing_microorganisms TAXON sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms sulfide oxidation (PATHWAY); sulfide_oxidation PATHWAY sulfide oxidation reactive iron minerals (CHEMICAL); reactive_iron_minerals CHEMICAL reactive iron minerals iron sulfide minerals (CHEMICAL); iron_sulfide_minerals CHEMICAL iron sulfide minerals
marine_sediment_sulfate_sulfur_cycling edges
EdgeSubjectPredicateObjectEvidence
marine_sediment_receives_particles marine sediment receives
Marine sediment forms from particles transported through the marine water column and deposited on the seafloor.		 settling marine particles PMID:31388058
D'Hondt and colleagues review marine sediment as a habitat where deposited particles bury biomass and support microbial activity.
particles_bury_marine_organic_matter settling marine particles buries
Settling marine particles bury organic matter into porewater habitats on and below the seafloor.		 buried organic matter PMID:31388058
D'Hondt and colleagues connect marine sediment burial, organic matter supply, and depth-ordered microbial respiration.
buried_organic_matter_depletes_oxygen buried organic matter contributes to
Microbial remineralization of buried organic matter consumes oxygen and drives porewater toward anoxia.		 oxygen depletion PMID:31105660
Jorgensen and colleagues review anoxic seabed organic matter mineralization by sulfate-reducing microorganisms.
oxygen_depletion_creates_anoxic_porewater oxygen depletion creates
Oxygen is depleted rapidly below the sediment-water interface, creating anoxic marine porewater.		 anoxic porewater PMID:31388058
D'Hondt and colleagues review marine sediment redox zones ordered by the availability of electron acceptors.
seawater_supplies_sulfate marine sediment receives
Marine sediment porewaters receive sulfate from overlying seawater.		 seawater sulfate PMID:31105660
Jorgensen and colleagues review sulfate fluxes, microbial sulfate reduction, and sulfide reoxidation in marine sediment porewaters.
sulfate_selects_sulfate_reducers seawater sulfate selects for
The availability of seawater sulfate in anoxic porewater selects microorganisms that respire sulfate.		 sulfate-reducing microorganisms PMID:28419734
Wasmund and colleagues reviewed the microbial ecology of sulfate-reducing and sulfur-cycling microorganisms in marine sediments.
anoxic_porewater_enables_sulfate_reduction anoxic porewater enables
Anoxic porewater allows sulfate reduction to proceed after oxygen and other higher-energy electron acceptors are consumed.		 microbial sulfate reduction PMID:35308366
Nagakura and colleagues summarize sulfate reduction as a major microbial organic-matter-degradation process in anoxic marine sediment.
sulfate_reducers_perform_sulfate_reduction sulfate-reducing microorganisms performs
Sulfate-reducing microorganisms couple organic substrate oxidation to sulfate respiration.		 microbial sulfate reduction PMID:28419734
Wasmund and colleagues reviewed the organisms and pathways mediating microbial sulfate reduction in marine sediment.
sulfate_reduction_mineralizes_carbon microbial sulfate reduction drives
Sulfate reduction mineralizes buried organic carbon in anoxic marine sediment.		 carbon mineralization PMID:31105660
Jorgensen and colleagues review sulfate reduction as a predominant terminal pathway for organic-matter mineralization in the anoxic seabed.
sulfate_reduction_produces_sulfide microbial sulfate reduction produces
Microbial sulfate reduction reduces sulfate to hydrogen sulfide in marine porewaters.		 hydrogen sulfide PMID:28419734
Wasmund and colleagues reviewed sulfate reduction to sulfide and linked sulfur transformations in marine sediments.
sulfide_selects_sulfur_oxidizers hydrogen sulfide selects for
Sulfide produced by sulfate reduction selects microorganisms that oxidize reduced sulfur near oxidant-bearing zones.		 sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms PMID:31105660
Jorgensen and colleagues review how sulfide produced in marine sediment is reoxidized through biological and geochemical reactions.
sulfur_oxidizers_perform_sulfide_oxidation sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms performs
Sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms return reduced sulfide toward oxidized sulfur pools.		 sulfide oxidation PMID:28419734
Wasmund and colleagues reviewed sulfide-oxidizing microorganisms that participate in marine sediment sulfur cycling.
reactive_iron_traps_sulfide reactive iron minerals reacts with
Reactive iron minerals intercept sulfide produced by sulfate reduction in marine sediment.		 hydrogen sulfide DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117841
Lin and colleagues showed that clay-linked iron mineralogy can influence sulfate reduction rates in marine sediment.
sulfide_reaction_forms_iron_sulfides hydrogen sulfide produces
Sulfide reacts with reactive iron to form iron sulfide minerals, trapping part of the reduced sulfur pool in sediment.		 iron sulfide minerals PMID:31105660
Jorgensen and colleagues review iron sulfide formation as an important fate of reduced sulfur in marine sediments.

Associated taxa

Taxa reported from this habitat, which is weaker than being characteristic of it. rank is out of pool: a high rank in a pool of thousands of near-tied scores is a weak claim. Entries corroborated by a second, independent source are listed first.

Taxa reported from this habitat
TaxonSourceRankPoolCorroborated
verrucosispora_maris NCBITaxon:1003110 MADIN — 837
Kordiimonas aestuarii NCBITaxon:1005925 MADIN — 837
Muricauda taeanensis NCBITaxon:1005926 MADIN — 837
roseovarius_lutimaris NCBITaxon:1005928 MADIN — 837
flexibacter_tractuosus NCBITaxon:1006 MADIN — 837
Pusillimonas sp. T7-7 NCBITaxon:1007105 MADIN — 837
exiguobacterium_enclense NCBITaxon:1017277 MADIN — 837
Nitrosopumilus sp. AR NCBITaxon:1027373 MADIN — 837
Nitrosopumilus sp. SJ NCBITaxon:1027374 MADIN — 837
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius N8 NCBITaxon:1028566 MADIN — 837
Altererythrobacter gangjinensis NCBITaxon:1028742 MADIN — 837
Arenibacter hampyeongensis NCBITaxon:1028743 MADIN — 837
Aestuariibaculum suncheonense NCBITaxon:1028745 MADIN — 837
Gramella aestuarii NCBITaxon:1028746 MADIN — 837
Microbulbifer gwangyangensis NCBITaxon:1028749 MADIN — 837
Shewanella aestuarii NCBITaxon:1028752 MADIN — 837
Gaetbulibacter lutimaris NCBITaxon:1031273 MADIN — 837
tropicimonas_sediminicola NCBITaxon:1031541 MADIN — 837
flavobacterium_rakeshii NCBITaxon:1038845 MADIN — 837
streptomyces_xinghaiensis NCBITaxon:1038928 MADIN — 837
Streptomyces xinghaiensis S187 NCBITaxon:1038929 MADIN — 837
Thermococcus sp. 4557 NCBITaxon:1042877 MADIN — 837
Neptunomonas qingdaonensis NCBITaxon:1045558 MADIN — 837
marichromatium_gracile NCBITaxon:1048 MADIN — 837
Mucilaginibacter litoreus NCBITaxon:1048221 MADIN — 837

Also called

Curation

What a curator decided about this record, and why. A record built from several source concepts can carry one decision per concept.

  1. ADD_CAUSAL_GRAPH 2026-09-04 · codex

    Added a marine-sediment sulfate sulfur-cycling graph backed by PMID:31388058, PMID:31105660, PMID:28419734, PMID:35308366, and DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117841.

Provenance

Generated by scripts/seed_from_sources.py from the committed inventories in data/raw/. View the record.