TraitMech

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AbiE system

traitmech:000227 · CLASS · PROPOSED

An abortive infection system in which an organism possesses an abiE bicistronic locus whose AbiEii DUF1814-family bacteriostatic toxin and AbiEi COG5340-family antitoxin constitute a non-interacting type IV toxin-antitoxin module that supports phage resistance.

Trait evidence (6)

  • DOI:10.1128/AEM.61.12.4321-4328.1995
    Subcloning and deletion analysis of the recombinant plasmid pPG01 defined a 2.5-kb ScaIHpaI fragment as conferring phage insensitivity

    Garvey et al. localized the pNP40 AbiE determinant to the pPG01 subclone.

  • DOI:10.1128/AEM.61.12.4321-4328.1995
    The mechanisms encoded by pPG01 and pCG1 in L. lactis subsp. lactis MG1614 conformed to the criteria defining abortive infection and were designated AbiE and AbiF, respectively

    Garvey et al. designated the pPG01-encoded pNP40 phage-insensitivity determinant as AbiE.

  • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt1419
    AbiE systems are encoded by bicistronic operons and function via a non-interacting (Type IV) bacteriostatic TA mechanism

    Dy et al. support defining AbiE as a type IV toxin-antitoxin Abi family.

  • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt1419
    We demonstrate that the AbiE phage resistance systems function as novel Type IV TAs and are widespread in bacteria and archaea

    Dy et al. support a reusable AbiE-system trait beyond the original Lactococcus pNP40 determinant.

  • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt1419
    AbiEii was toxic by acting as a GTP-binding NTase and was neutralized by expression of AbiEi

    Dy et al. connect the AbiEii nucleotidyltransferase toxin and AbiEi antitoxin to the AbiE type IV toxin-antitoxin module.

  • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt1419
    AbiEii was shown to specifically bind GTP, the first step in a NTase activity

    Dy et al. support the GTP-binding nucleotidyltransferase activity of AbiEii while leaving the exact toxic target unresolved.

AbiE type IV toxin-antitoxin activity supports phage resistance

Evidence-backed process sketch linking an abiE locus to type IV toxin-antitoxin activity, AbiEii GTP-dependent toxicity, restricted phage propagation, and abortive-infection system possession.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures AbiE at the system level without asserting a universal phage activator, the exact cellular target of AbiEii, or that every COG5340-DUF1814 pair functions in abortive infection.

AbiE type IV toxin-antitoxin activity supports phage resistance Interactive directed graph showing evidence-backed causal relationships for AbiE system.

Edge evidence

  • abiE locus contributes to AbiE type IV toxin-antitoxin activity RO:0002326

    The abiE locus encodes the defining type IV toxin-antitoxin module.

    • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt1419 AbiE systems are encoded by bicistronic operons and function via a non-interacting (Type IV) bacteriostatic TA mechanism Dy et al. show that AbiE is a bicistronic type IV toxin-antitoxin system.
  • AbiE type IV toxin-antitoxin activity contributes to AbiEii GTP-binding nucleotidyltransferase toxicity RO:0002326

    The AbiE type IV module couples AbiEii GTP-dependent nucleotidyltransferase toxicity to AbiEi antitoxicity.

    • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt1419 AbiEii was toxic by acting as a GTP-binding NTase and was neutralized by expression of AbiEi Dy et al. identify AbiEii as the toxin and AbiEi as its cognate antitoxin.
  • abiE locus contributes to restricted phage propagation RO:0002326

    The AbiE determinant contributes to abortive phage-resistance phenotypes.

    • DOI:10.1128/AEM.61.12.4321-4328.1995 The mechanisms encoded by pPG01 and pCG1 in L. lactis subsp. lactis MG1614 conformed to the criteria defining abortive infection and were designated AbiE and AbiF, respectively Garvey et al. show that the pPG01 AbiE determinant produces an abortive-infection phage-insensitivity mechanism.
  • restricted phage propagation confers AbiE system METPO:2007700

    Restriction of phage propagation realizes the AbiE abortive-infection defense trait.

    • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt1419 We demonstrate that the AbiE phage resistance systems function as novel Type IV TAs and are widespread in bacteria and archaea Dy et al. describe AbiE systems as type IV toxin-antitoxin phage-resistance systems.
  • AbiE system is a abortive infection system rdfs:subClassOf

    AbiE system possession is an abortive-infection-system trait.

    • DOI:10.1128/AEM.61.12.4321-4328.1995 The mechanisms encoded by pPG01 and pCG1 in L. lactis subsp. lactis MG1614 conformed to the criteria defining abortive infection and were designated AbiE and AbiF, respectively Garvey et al. place AbiE in the abortive infection class of phage defense.

Provenance

Identifier source
TraitMech local identifier
Definition source
DOI:10.1093/nar/gkt1419

Parent traits (1)

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Canonical examples (1)

Organisms cited as exemplars of this trait. Taxon ids are NCBITaxon and link out to the NCBI record.

  • Lactococcus lactis NCBITaxon:1358 DOI:10.1128/AEM.61.12.4321-4328.1995 Garvey et al. cloned the pNP40 AbiE determinant and showed that the pPG01-encoded region conferred abortive-infection phage insensitivity in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis MG1614.

Curation history

  1. · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex

    Minted AbiE system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under the abortive infection system parent after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v104.