Hypnos system

traitmech:000309 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a Hypnos locus that can protect bacteria from bacteriophage infection.

Trait evidence (4)

DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007
We validated six of these phage defense systems, including factors preventing viral attachment, R-loop-acting enzymes, the inflammasome, ubiquitin pathway, and pathogen recognition signaling.

van den Berg et al. validated six phage defense systems related to eukaryotic innate antiviral responses.
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007
Searching for phage defense systems related to innate antiviral genes from vertebrates and plants, we uncovered over 450 candidates.

van den Berg et al. motivate a conservative system-level record that does not assert a resolved Hypnos trigger, effector output, or universal pathway.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
Hypnos | 10\.1016/j\.chom\.2024\.07\.007 | Bacterial homologs of innate eukaryotic antiviral defenses with anti-phage activity highlight shared evolutionary roots of viral defenses

The DefenseFinder model registry maps the named Hypnos system to the van den Berg et al. antiphage-system discovery paper.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Hypnos__HyoA | | Hypnos

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Hypnos__HyoA in the Hypnos model namespace.

Hypnos loci confer bacterial phage defense

Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Hypnos locus to restricted bacteriophage propagation without asserting the unresolved phage trigger or molecular output.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures Hypnos as a named anti-phage system with a Hypnos__HyoA DefenseFinder HMM profile entry while leaving its phage trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype breadth unresolved.

Edge evidence

Hypnos locus contributes to restricted phage propagation RO:0002326
DefenseFinder maps Hypnos to a eukaryotic-antiviral-homolog antiphage-system discovery paper and catalogs a Hypnos__HyoA HMM profile entry in the Hypnos model namespace.
- DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007 We validated six of these phage defense systems, including factors preventing viral attachment, R-loop-acting enzymes, the inflammasome, ubiquitin pathway, and pathogen recognition signaling. van den Berg et al. validated six phage defense systems related to eukaryotic innate antiviral responses.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Hypnos | 10\.1016/j\.chom\.2024\.07\.007 | Bacterial homologs of innate eukaryotic antiviral defenses with anti-phage activity highlight shared evolutionary roots of viral defenses The DefenseFinder model registry maps the named Hypnos system to the van den Berg et al. antiphage-system discovery paper.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md Hypnos__HyoA | | Hypnos The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Hypnos__HyoA in the Hypnos model namespace.
restricted phage propagation confers Hypnos system METPO:2007700
Hypnos-mediated phage restriction realizes the Hypnos system trait.
- DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007 We validated six of these phage defense systems, including factors preventing viral attachment, R-loop-acting enzymes, the inflammasome, ubiquitin pathway, and pathogen recognition signaling. van den Berg et al. validated six phage defense systems related to eukaryotic antiviral responses.
Hypnos system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf
Hypnos system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Hypnos | 10\.1016/j\.chom\.2024\.07\.007 | Bacterial homologs of innate eukaryotic antiviral defenses with anti-phage activity highlight shared evolutionary roots of viral defenses The DefenseFinder model registry maps the named Hypnos system to the van den Berg et al. antiphage-system discovery paper.

Provenance

Identifier source: TraitMech local identifier
Definition source: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007

Parent traits (1)

phage defense system traitmech:000209

Synonyms (2)

Hypnos EXACT_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
HyoA RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve Hypnos phage triggers and effector outputs before minting narrower Hypnos mechanism children.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN hypnos-mechanism-gap · raised by codex · 2026-09-20

Attached to causal_graphs#hypnos_locus_restricts_phage

van den Berg et al. and DefenseFinder support Hypnos as a named anti-phage system with a Hypnos__HyoA HMM profile entry, but the trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype-specific mechanism are not resolved enough here to assert a narrower mechanistic child trait.

Curation history

2026-09-20T13:10:22Z · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex
Minted Hypnos system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v186.