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Brc76 system

traitmech:000519 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a gcu76/Brc76 bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette that supports growth during bacteriophage challenge.

Trait evidence (7)

  • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915
    brc76 L 79.5 92.4 89.1 83.1

    Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc76 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 79.5% for MS2, 92.4% for F1, 89.1% for phi80, and 83.1% for F13.

  • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915
    brc76 H 96.6

    Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc76 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the visible MS2 cell shows 96.6% inhibition.

  • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915
    defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages

    Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel.

  • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915
    brc113 brc217 brc76 brcWGS21 brc22 brc23

    Kieffer et al. include brc76 among identified BRiCs with predicted attC secondary structures.

  • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915
    C933 pMBA brc76 E. coli IJ1862

    Kieffer et al.'s supplementary construct table lists pMBA brc76 in E. coli IJ1862 for high/low-MOI phage-panel testing.

  • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915
    C939 pMBA brc76 K. pneumoniae KP5

    Kieffer et al.'s supplementary construct table lists the pMBA brc76 plasmid introduced into Klebsiella pneumoniae KP5.

  • https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
    | gcu76 | 10\.1126/science\.ads0915 | Mobile integrons encode phage defense systems |

    The pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu76 source key to the Kieffer et al. mobile-integron BRiC paper.

Brc76 BRiCs confer phage resistance

Conservative system-level sketch linking a gcu76/Brc76 bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette to phage resistance and Brc76 system possession.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures Brc76 at the integron-cassette and phage-resistance-output level without asserting the native host range, exact sensitive-phage breadth outside the reported panels, direct molecular substrate, or a DefenseFinder HMM/rules profile absent from the pinned snapshot.

Brc76 BRiCs confer phage resistance Interactive directed graph showing evidence-backed causal relationships for Brc76 system.

Edge evidence

  • Brc76 integron cassette contributes to Brc76 phage resistance RO:0002326

    The gcu76/Brc76 integron cassette contributes to phage resistance during phage-panel assays.

    • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 brc76 L 79.5 92.4 89.1 83.1 Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc76 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 79.5% for MS2, 92.4% for F1, 89.1% for phi80, and 83.1% for F13.
    • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 brc76 H 96.6 Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc76 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the visible MS2 cell shows 96.6% inhibition.
  • Brc76 phage resistance confers Brc76 system METPO:2007700

    Brc76-linked phage resistance realizes the Brc76 system possession trait.

    • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 brc76 L 79.5 92.4 89.1 83.1 Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc76 low-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the visible cells show reduced inhibition, including 79.5% for MS2, 92.4% for F1, 89.1% for phi80, and 83.1% for F13.
    • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 brc76 H 96.6 Manual transcription of the Supplementary Fig. S2 Brc76 high-MOI E. coli IJ1862 heatmap row; the visible MS2 cell shows 96.6% inhibition.
    • DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915 defense profiles of identified Bacteriophage Resistance integron Cassettes (BRiCs) against a panel of different phages Kieffer et al. classify positive integron cassettes as BRiCs and compare their defense profiles across a phage panel.
  • Brc76 system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf

    Brc76 system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.

Provenance

Identifier source
TraitMech local identifier
Definition source
DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915

Parent traits (1)

Synonyms (2)

  • gcu76 RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
  • brc76 RELATED_SYNONYM · DOI:10.1126/science.ads0915

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve Brc76 native host breadth, exact sensitive-phage breadth, molecular output, and DefenseFinder HMM/rules coverage before minting narrower Brc76 mechanism children.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN brc76-defensefinder-model-gap · raised by codex · 2026-10-01

Attached to causal_graphs#brc76_integron_cassette_confers_phage_resistance

Kieffer et al. identify brc76 as a bacteriophage-resistance integron cassette, and the pinned DefenseFinder article registry maps the gcu76 source key to the same Science article. The pinned HMM inventory and rules table have no exact gcu76 or Brc76 row, so the first-pass record leaves native-host breadth, profile boundaries, exact phage target breadth, and direct molecular output unresolved.

Evidence

Curation history

  1. · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex

    Minted Brc76 system as a DOI- and DefenseFinder-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; kept the graph at BRiC integron-cassette level because the pinned DefenseFinder article registry names gcu76 but the pinned HMM inventory and rules table have no exact Brc76 row; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v396.

  2. · REVIEW_CANONICAL_EXAMPLE_EVIDENCE_GAP · codex

    Reviewed Brc76 system during initial curation and left canonical_examples empty because the sources support heterologous gcu76/Brc76 phage-resistance assays and a DefenseFinder gcu76 article row, but not a direct named native microbial isolate exemplar with experimentally verified endogenous Brc76 activity. No paid research was used.