Ceres system

traitmech:000288 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a Ceres locus that can protect bacteria from bacteriophage infection.

Trait evidence (5)

DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966
Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun).

Mordret et al. directly name Ceres among six Streptomyces systems that increased resistance to at least one phage.
DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966
The bacterial pangenome encodes an immense array of antiphage systems, yet much of their diversity remains uncharted

Mordret et al. motivate a conservative system-level record that does not assert a resolved Ceres trigger, effector output, or universal pathway.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
Ceres | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses

The DefenseFinder model registry maps the named Ceres system to the Mordret et al. antiphage-system discovery preprint.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Ceres__CrsA1 | | Ceres

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records CrsA1 in the Ceres model namespace.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Ceres__CrsA2 | | Ceres

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records CrsA2 in the Ceres model namespace.

Ceres loci confer bacterial phage defense

Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Ceres locus to restricted bacteriophage propagation without asserting the unresolved phage trigger or molecular output.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures Ceres as a named anti-phage system with CrsA1 and CrsA2 DefenseFinder HMM profile entries while leaving its phage trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype breadth unresolved.

Edge evidence

Ceres locus contributes to restricted phage propagation RO:0002326
DefenseFinder maps Ceres to a protein- and genomic-language-model antiphage-system discovery preprint and catalogs CrsA1 and CrsA2 HMM profile entries in the Ceres model namespace.
- DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun). Mordret et al. directly name Ceres among six Streptomyces systems that restricted at least one phage.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Ceres | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses The DefenseFinder registry maps Ceres itself to the Mordret et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery preprint.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md Ceres__CrsA1 | | Ceres The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records CrsA1 in the Ceres model namespace.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md Ceres__CrsA2 | | Ceres The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records CrsA2 in the Ceres model namespace.
restricted phage propagation confers Ceres system METPO:2007700
Ceres-mediated phage restriction realizes the Ceres system trait.
- DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun). Mordret et al. directly name Ceres among six systems that increased resistance to at least one phage.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Ceres | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses DefenseFinder records Ceres as a named system from the Mordret et al. antiphage discovery preprint.
Ceres system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf
Ceres system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md | Ceres | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses | DefenseFinder associates Ceres with the Mordret et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery preprint.

Provenance

Identifier source: TraitMech local identifier
Definition source: DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966

Parent traits (1)

phage defense system traitmech:000209

Synonyms (3)

Ceres EXACT_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
CrsA1 RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
CrsA2 RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve Ceres phage triggers and effector outputs before minting narrower Ceres mechanism children.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN ceres-mechanism-gap · raised by codex · 2026-09-19

Attached to causal_graphs#ceres_locus_restricts_phage

Mordret et al. and DefenseFinder support Ceres as a named anti-phage system with CrsA1 and CrsA2 HMM profile entries, but the trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype-specific mechanism are not resolved enough here to assert a narrower mechanistic child trait.

Curation history

2026-09-19T18:23:47Z · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex
Minted Ceres system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v165.