TraitMech

TraitMech › GENOMICS

DARNA system

traitmech:000273 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which activated DARNA cleaves a subset of host tRNAs and thereby inhibits phage propagation after activation by single-stranded DNA presented by phage SSB.

Trait evidence (4)

  • DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581
    the bacterial immunity protein DARNA, once activated, cleaves a subset of host tRNAs, thereby inhibiting phage propagation

    Puteikiene et al. support DARNA as a bacterial immunity protein whose activation leads to host tRNA cleavage and phage-propagation inhibition.

  • DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581
    DARNA is activated by single-stranded DNA presented by phage SSB, but not by the host SSB

    Puteikiene et al. support phage SSB-presented single-stranded DNA as an activation input for DARNA.

  • DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581
    The recognition of an endogenous nucleic acid signal promoted by a viral protein ensures that DARNA can detect and respond to a broad range of viruses while avoiding auto-immunity

    Puteikiene et al. connect DARNA activation to viral-protein promoted self/non-self discrimination.

  • https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
    DARNA | 10\.64898/2026\.02\.22\.705581 | Viral SSB-bound ssDNA activates the bacterial anti-phage defense system DARNA

    The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named DARNA system to the Puteikiene et al. bacterial anti-phage-system preprint.

DARNA activation restricts phage propagation through host-tRNA cleavage

Process sketch linking phage SSB-presented single-stranded DNA to DARNA activation, cleavage of a subset of host tRNAs, restricted phage propagation, and the DARNA system trait.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures the DOI abstract's DARNA activation and tRNA-cleavage summary without asserting a DefenseFinder component profile, universal locus architecture, strain-resolved component accessions, or the full host and phage breadth of every natural DARNA system.

DARNA activation restricts phage propagation through host-tRNA cleavage Interactive directed graph showing evidence-backed causal relationships for DARNA system.

Edge evidence

  • phage SSB-presented single-stranded DNA triggers DARNA activation

    Single-stranded DNA presented by phage SSB activates DARNA.

    • DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581 DARNA is activated by single-stranded DNA presented by phage SSB, but not by the host SSB Puteikiene et al. directly identify phage SSB-presented single-stranded DNA as the DARNA activation signal.
  • DARNA activation contributes to host tRNA cleavage RO:0002326

    Activated DARNA cleaves a subset of host tRNAs.

    • DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581 the bacterial immunity protein DARNA, once activated, cleaves a subset of host tRNAs Puteikiene et al. connect DARNA activation to host-tRNA cleavage.
  • host tRNA cleavage contributes to restricted phage propagation RO:0002326

    DARNA-dependent host-tRNA cleavage inhibits phage propagation.

    • DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581 cleaves a subset of host tRNAs, thereby inhibiting phage propagation Puteikiene et al. place phage-propagation inhibition downstream of DARNA-mediated host-tRNA cleavage.
  • restricted phage propagation confers DARNA system METPO:2007700

    DARNA-mediated phage-propagation inhibition realizes the DARNA system trait.

    • DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581 DARNA can detect and respond to a broad range of viruses while avoiding auto-immunity Puteikiene et al. support the detected viral signal and antiviral response as the DARNA system output.
  • DARNA system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf

    DARNA system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.

Provenance

Identifier source
TraitMech local identifier
Definition source
DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581

Parent traits (1)

Synonyms (1)

  • DARNA EXACT_SYNONYM · DOI:10.64898/2026.02.22.705581

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve DARNA component profiles and locus architecture before minting component-profile synonyms or narrower DARNA subsystem traits.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN darna-model-profile-gap · raised by codex · 2026-09-19

Attached to causal_graphs#darna_phage_ssb_ssdna_cleaves_trna

Puteikiene et al. support DARNA as an anti-phage system with a resolved phage-SSB single-stranded-DNA trigger and host-tRNA cleavage output, and DefenseFinder lists DARNA in its article registry. The pinned DefenseFinder snapshot does not yet expose DARNA HMM or rule rows, so this first record does not assert a component-profile synonym or universal locus architecture.

Curation history

  1. · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex

    Minted DARNA system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v150.