Prithvi system

traitmech:000290 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a Prithvi locus that can protect bacteria from bacteriophage infection.

Trait evidence (4)

DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966
Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun).

Mordret et al. directly name Prithvi among six Streptomyces systems that increased resistance to at least one phage.
DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966
The bacterial pangenome encodes an immense array of antiphage systems, yet much of their diversity remains uncharted

Mordret et al. motivate a conservative system-level record that does not assert a resolved Prithvi trigger, effector output, or universal pathway.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
Prithvi | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses

The DefenseFinder model registry maps the named Prithvi system to the Mordret et al. antiphage-system discovery preprint.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Prithvi__PtvA | | Prithvi

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records PtvA in the Prithvi model namespace.

Prithvi loci confer bacterial phage defense

Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Prithvi locus to restricted bacteriophage propagation without asserting the unresolved phage trigger or molecular output.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures Prithvi as a named anti-phage system with a PtvA DefenseFinder HMM profile entry while leaving its phage trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype breadth unresolved.

Edge evidence

Prithvi locus contributes to restricted phage propagation RO:0002326
DefenseFinder maps Prithvi to a protein- and genomic-language-model antiphage-system discovery preprint and catalogs a PtvA HMM profile entry in the Prithvi model namespace.
- DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun). Mordret et al. directly name Prithvi among six Streptomyces systems that restricted at least one phage.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Prithvi | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses The DefenseFinder registry maps Prithvi itself to the Mordret et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery preprint.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md Prithvi__PtvA | | Prithvi The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records PtvA in the Prithvi model namespace.
restricted phage propagation confers Prithvi system METPO:2007700
Prithvi-mediated phage restriction realizes the Prithvi system trait.
- DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966 Among the remaining eight systems, six demonstrated increased resistance to at least one phage with more than 100 fold reduction in plaque forming units (PFU) (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure 5). As Streptomyces are mostly soil dwelling bacteria, we named these systems after deities of the soil and earth (Ceres, Geb, Veles, Prithvi, Ukko and Oshun). Mordret et al. directly name Prithvi among six systems that increased resistance to at least one phage.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Prithvi | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses DefenseFinder records Prithvi as a named system from the Mordret et al. antiphage discovery preprint.
Prithvi system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf
Prithvi system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md | Prithvi | 10\.1101/2025\.01\.08\.631966 | Protein and genomic language models chart a vast landscape of antiphage defenses | DefenseFinder associates Prithvi with the Mordret et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery preprint.

Provenance

Identifier source: TraitMech local identifier
Definition source: DOI:10.1101/2025.01.08.631966

Parent traits (1)

phage defense system traitmech:000209

Synonyms (2)

Prithvi EXACT_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
PtvA RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve Prithvi phage triggers and effector outputs before minting narrower Prithvi mechanism children.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN prithvi-mechanism-gap · raised by codex · 2026-09-19

Attached to causal_graphs#prithvi_locus_restricts_phage

Mordret et al. and DefenseFinder support Prithvi as a named anti-phage system with a PtvA HMM profile entry, but the trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype-specific mechanism are not resolved enough here to assert a narrower mechanistic child trait.

Curation history

2026-09-19T19:16:49Z · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex
Minted Prithvi system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v167.