Prometheus system

traitmech:000291 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a Prometheus locus that can protect bacteria from bacteriophage infection.

Trait evidence (4)

DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007
We validated six of these phage defense systems, including factors preventing viral attachment, R-loop-acting enzymes, the inflammasome, ubiquitin pathway, and pathogen recognition signaling.

van den Berg et al. validated six phage defense systems related to eukaryotic innate antiviral responses.
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007
Searching for phage defense systems related to innate antiviral genes from vertebrates and plants, we uncovered over 450 candidates.

van den Berg et al. motivate a conservative system-level record that does not assert a resolved Prometheus trigger, effector output, or universal pathway.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
Prometheus | 10\.1016/j\.chom\.2024\.07\.007 | Bacterial homologs of innate eukaryotic antiviral defenses with anti-phage activity highlight shared evolutionary roots of viral defenses

The DefenseFinder model registry maps the named Prometheus system to the van den Berg et al. antiphage-system discovery paper.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Prometheus__ProA | | Prometheus

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Prometheus__ProA in the Prometheus model namespace.

Prometheus loci confer bacterial phage defense

Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Prometheus locus to restricted bacteriophage propagation without asserting the unresolved phage trigger or molecular output.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures Prometheus as a named anti-phage system with a Prometheus__ProA DefenseFinder HMM profile entry while leaving its phage trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype breadth unresolved.

Edge evidence

Prometheus locus contributes to restricted phage propagation RO:0002326
DefenseFinder maps Prometheus to a eukaryotic-antiviral-homolog antiphage-system discovery paper and catalogs a Prometheus__ProA HMM profile entry in the Prometheus model namespace.
- DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007 We validated six of these phage defense systems, including factors preventing viral attachment, R-loop-acting enzymes, the inflammasome, ubiquitin pathway, and pathogen recognition signaling. van den Berg et al. validated six phage defense systems related to eukaryotic innate antiviral responses.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Prometheus | 10\.1016/j\.chom\.2024\.07\.007 | Bacterial homologs of innate eukaryotic antiviral defenses with anti-phage activity highlight shared evolutionary roots of viral defenses The DefenseFinder registry maps Prometheus itself to the van den Berg et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery paper.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md Prometheus__ProA | | Prometheus The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Prometheus__ProA in the Prometheus model namespace.
restricted phage propagation confers Prometheus system METPO:2007700
Prometheus-mediated phage restriction realizes the Prometheus system trait.
- DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007 We validated six of these phage defense systems, including factors preventing viral attachment, R-loop-acting enzymes, the inflammasome, ubiquitin pathway, and pathogen recognition signaling. van den Berg et al. validated six phage defense systems related to eukaryotic antiviral responses.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Prometheus | 10\.1016/j\.chom\.2024\.07\.007 | Bacterial homologs of innate eukaryotic antiviral defenses with anti-phage activity highlight shared evolutionary roots of viral defenses DefenseFinder records Prometheus as a named system from the van den Berg et al. antiphage discovery paper.
Prometheus system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf
Prometheus system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md | Prometheus | 10\.1016/j\.chom\.2024\.07\.007 | Bacterial homologs of innate eukaryotic antiviral defenses with anti-phage activity highlight shared evolutionary roots of viral defenses | DefenseFinder associates Prometheus with the van den Berg et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery paper.

Provenance

Identifier source: TraitMech local identifier
Definition source: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.007

Parent traits (1)

phage defense system traitmech:000209

Synonyms (1)

Prometheus EXACT_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve Prometheus phage triggers and effector outputs before minting narrower Prometheus mechanism children.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN prometheus-mechanism-gap · raised by codex · 2026-09-19

Attached to causal_graphs#prometheus_locus_restricts_phage

van den Berg et al. and DefenseFinder support Prometheus as a named anti-phage system with a Prometheus__ProA HMM profile entry, but the trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype-specific mechanism are not resolved enough here to assert a narrower mechanistic child trait.

Curation history

2026-09-19T20:12:30Z · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex
Minted Prometheus system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v168.