Shango system

traitmech:000255 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a Shango locus represented by a mandatory SngA profile and an SngB or SngC profile that can protect bacteria from bacteriophage infection.

Trait evidence (7)

DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.09.017
discovery of 21 defense systems that protect bacteria from phages, based on computational genomic analyses and phage-infection experiments

Millman et al. report the computational and experimental cohort that DefenseFinder cites for Shango as a bacterial anti-phage system.
DOI:10.1101/2022.05.11.491447
discovery of 21 new defense systems that protect bacteria from phages, based on computational genomic analyses and phage infection experiments

The bioRxiv version of Millman et al. independently carries the 21-system discovery claim linked from DefenseFinder's Shango article registry.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
Shango | 10\.1101/2022\.05\.11\.491447 | An expanding arsenal of immune systems that protect bacteria from phages

The DefenseFinder model registry maps the named Shango system to the Millman et al. antiphage-system discovery preprint.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv
Shango Shango 1 2 Shango__SngA Shango__SngB, Shango__SngC

The DefenseFinder rules table models Shango with mandatory SngA plus SngB or SngC accessory profiles.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Shango__SngA | Shango__SngA | Shango

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records SngA as a Shango profile.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Shango__SngB | Shango__SngB | Shango

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records SngB as a Shango profile.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Shango__SngC | Shango__SngC | Shango

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records SngC as a Shango profile.

Shango loci confer bacterial phage defense

Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Shango locus to restricted bacteriophage propagation without asserting the unresolved phage trigger or molecular output.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures Shango as a named anti-phage system with DefenseFinder SngA, SngB, and SngC profile choices while leaving its phage trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype breadth unresolved.

Edge evidence

Shango locus contributes to restricted phage propagation RO:0002326
DefenseFinder maps Shango to a bacterial anti-phage-system discovery preprint and represents Shango loci through SngA, SngB, and SngC component profiles.
- DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.09.017 discovery of 21 defense systems that protect bacteria from phages Millman et al. describe the anti-phage discovery cohort that the DefenseFinder Shango registry row maps to the Shango system.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Shango | 10\.1101/2022\.05\.11\.491447 | An expanding arsenal of immune systems that protect bacteria from phages The DefenseFinder registry maps Shango itself to the Millman et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery preprint.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv Shango Shango 1 2 Shango__SngA Shango__SngB, Shango__SngC The DefenseFinder rules table supports SngA as a mandatory Shango profile and SngB or SngC as accessory Shango profiles.
restricted phage propagation confers Shango system METPO:2007700
Shango-mediated phage restriction realizes the Shango system trait.
- DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.09.017 discovery of 21 defense systems that protect bacteria from phages Millman et al. place the Shango discovery cohort in the set of bacterial systems that protect against phages.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Shango | 10\.1101/2022\.05\.11\.491447 | An expanding arsenal of immune systems that protect bacteria from phages DefenseFinder records Shango as a named system from the Millman et al. antiphage discovery preprint.
Shango system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf
Shango system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md An expanding arsenal of immune systems that protect bacteria from phages DefenseFinder associates Shango with the Millman et al. bacterial antiphage-system discovery paper.

Provenance

Identifier source: TraitMech local identifier
Definition source: DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2022.09.017

Parent traits (1)

phage defense system traitmech:000209

Synonyms (1)

Shango EXACT_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve Shango phage triggers and effector outputs before minting narrower Shango mechanism children.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN shango-mechanism-gap · raised by codex · 2026-09-18

Attached to causal_graphs#shango_locus_restricts_phage

Millman et al. and DefenseFinder support Shango as a named anti-phage system with SngA, SngB, and SngC profile choices, but the trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, and subtype-specific mechanism are not resolved enough here to assert a narrower mechanistic child trait.

Curation history

2026-09-18T23:31:00Z · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex
Minted Shango system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v132.