proteolysis

Edge evidence

• secreted proteases enables proteolysis RO:0002327

  Secreted proteases drive extracellular protein hydrolysis.

  • DOI:10.1128/mmbr.62.3.597-635.1998 Rao et al. review microbial proteases and their depolymerizing nutritional role.
• proteolysis produces amino acids / short peptides METPO:2000202

  Protein hydrolysis releases amino acids and short peptides.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuab046 Bacillus protease review covers extracellular protease activities.
• proteolysis produces peptides / oligopeptides METPO:2000202

  Extracellular protein hydrolysis yields oligopeptides (~4-30 aa).

  • DOI:10.1186/s43014-023-00165-w "protein to oligopeptides" / "producing peptides of roughly 4-30 amino acids"; extracellular proteolytic enzymes produce peptides.
• peptide transport systems (Opp/DtpT/Dpp) imports peptides / oligopeptides METPO:2000208

  Peptide transporters import peptides short enough for uptake.

  • DOI:10.1186/s43014-023-00165-w Peptides "taken up by dedicated transporters: oligopeptide permease (Opp, an ATP-driven system)", DtpT and ABC transporter Dpp.
• intracellular peptidases hydrolyzes peptides / oligopeptides METPO:2000013

  Intracellular peptidases further hydrolyze imported peptides.

  • DOI:10.1186/s43014-023-00165-w "Inside the cell, multiple peptidases... further hydrolyze peptides".
• intracellular peptidases produces amino acids / short peptides METPO:2000202

  Intracellular peptidases produce free amino acids used for growth.

  • DOI:10.1186/s43014-023-00165-w "further hydrolyze peptides to free amino acids used for growth".
• large extracellular proteins necessitates proteolysis

  Proteins too large for direct uptake necessitate extracellular hydrolysis.

  • DOI:10.1128/spectrum.03036-23 "proteins are too large for direct uptake by prokaryotic transporter systems... explaining the need for extracellular cleavage".
• substrate source / concentration / C:N stoichiometry controls expression of secreted proteases

  Substrate source/concentration/C:N stoichiometry filters expression of secreted proteases.

  • DOI:10.1128/spectrum.03036-23 "the substrate's source, concentration and stoichiometry impose strong filtering on the expression of extracellular enzymes".