dinoflagellate apical horn

GO:0097686 · Other · Subcellular region · Proposed

A horn-shaped dinoflagellate apex found in thecate species. [GO:0097686]

Part of: dinoflagellate epicone (GO:0097613)

Taxonomic distribution

NCBITaxon:2864 Dinophyceae — VARIABLE: GO:0097686 constrains the dinoflagellate apical horn to Dinophyceae and defines it as a horn-shaped apex found in thecate species. [GO:0097686]

The dinoflagellate apical horn is a horn-shaped, thecate specialization of the dinoflagellate apex within the epicone.

Subject	Predicate	Object	Evidence
dinoflagellate apical horn	is a	dinoflagellate apex	`GO:0097686` The QuickGO GO:0097686 history records an is_a relation to GO:0097683.
dinoflagellate apical horn	is part of	dinoflagellate epicone	`GO:0097686` QuickGO lists GO:0097613 as an ancestor of GO:0097686 through the GO:0097683 apex parent. `GO:0097683` QuickGO lists GO:0097613 as an ancestor of the GO:0097683 dinoflagellate apex parent.
dinoflagellate apex	is part of	dinoflagellate epicone	`GO:0097683` QuickGO lists GO:0097613 as an ancestor of GO:0097683. `GO:0097613` The QuickGO GO:0097613 children endpoint lists GO:0097683 as a part_of child term.

CURATION_TODO (OPEN): Add apical-horn molecular components only after directly localized constituents and exact source-neutral family groundings have been identified. GO defines the dinoflagellate apical horn morphologically as a horn-shaped apex of thecate species, but this pass did not find exact family-level evidence for apical-horn-specific molecular constituents.
INTERPRETATION (RESOLVED): Keep dinoflagellate apical horn separate from the general dinoflagellate apex unless curating the narrower GO:0097686 class. QuickGO identifies GO:0097686 as an is_a child of GO:0097683 and defines it as a horn-shaped apex in thecate species, so the apical horn should remain a specialized child class of the general apex.

GO:0097686 Gene Ontology cellular-component term for the horn-shaped dinoflagellate apical horn of thecate species.
GO:0097683 Gene Ontology cellular-component term for the dinoflagellate apex, which QuickGO lists as the is_a parent of GO:0097686.
GO:0097613 Gene Ontology cellular-component term for the dinoflagellate epicone, which QuickGO lists among GO:0097686 ancestors.
GO:0110165 Gene Ontology cellular-component ancestor term for cellular anatomical structure.
PMID:7002229 PubMed record for Taylor 1980, the subscription Biosystems dinoflagellate-evolution review cited by GO:0097686; EuropePMC reported no PMC, open-access, full-text, or PDF route in this pass.
DOI:10.1016/0303-2647(80)90006-4 Crossref and EuropePMC metadata identify DOI:10.1016/0303-2647(80)90006-4 as the Taylor 1980 Biosystems review behind PMID:7002229; no article-body text was reachable through the checked metadata routes, so this record uses it only as bibliographic corroboration for the GO definition xref.

2026-10-02T20:14:35Z codex · CREATED_RECORD — Scaffolded by scripts/new_record.py
2026-10-02T20:15:25Z codex · EXPANDED_RECORD — Added GO apex parentage, Dinophyceae and thecate taxon evidence, apical-horn/apex/epicone topology, Taylor 1980 metadata-only evidence, and curation discussions for molecular components and the apical-horn/apex boundary.
2026-10-02T20:28:01Z codex · ADDRESSED_PR_REVIEW — Addressed PR #1939 review issues #1940 and #1941 by adding record-level and graph-level epicone parthood for GO:0097686 and removing the transitive GO:0110165 edge from the topology graph.