alkaphilic

Edge evidence

• alkaline external pH selects for alkaphilic METPO:2007401

  Alkaline environments select for organisms with alkaline growth optima.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2549 external pH range of 9.5-11.0 Review supports growth of extreme alkaliphiles at high external pH.
• alkaline external pH challenges cytoplasmic pH homeostasis METPO:2007406

  High external pH challenges the cell's ability to keep cytoplasm near functional pH.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2549 cytoplasmic pH ... below an external pH Supports cytoplasmic pH control below alkaline external pH.
• Na+/H+ antiporter exchanges sodium ion

  Na+/H+ antiport is central to the sodium cycle in alkaliphiles.

  • DOI:10.1007/BF00762685 secondary Na+/H+ antiporter Supports Na+/H+ antiport as a key alkaliphile sodium-cycle component.
• Na+/H+ antiporter imports proton METPO:2000208

  Electrogenic Na+/H+ antiport contributes to cytoplasmic acidification under alkaline conditions.

  • DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.09.010 promote proton capture and retention Review supports proton capture/retention mechanisms in alkaline pH homeostasis.
• cytoplasmic pH homeostasis enables alkaphilic RO:0002327

  Alkaliphilic growth requires maintaining cytoplasmic pH during high-pH exposure.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2549 pH sensing and homeostasis Supports homeostasis as the enabling process for alkaline growth.
• Mrp Na+/H+ antiporter complex enables cytoplasmic pH homeostasis RO:0002327

  Mrp Na+/H+ antiporter complex enables pH homeostasis and is indispensable at high pH.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2549 Na+/H+ antiporter-dependent pH homeostasis; Mrp plays an indispensible role at high pH.
• ATP synthase c-subunit alkaline-adaptive motifs increases ATP synthase proton binding efficiency at high pH RO:0002213

  Alkaline-adaptive c-subunit motifs increase tight proton binding in the ATP synthase ion site at high pH.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2549 Two c-subunit motifs that alter rotor shape and promote tight proton binding in the ion site.
• ATP synthase proton binding efficiency at high pH enables cytoplasmic pH homeostasis RO:0002327

  Efficient ATP synthase proton binding contributes to bioenergetics and pH homeostasis under alkaline conditions.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2549 ATP synthase adaptation supports proton-coupled bioenergetics at high external pH.
• acidic secondary cell-wall and S-layer polymers enables proton retention at cell surface RO:0002327

  Acidic cell-wall and S-layer polymers attract and retain protons at the cell surface.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2022.842785 Acidic secondary cell walls and S-layer proteins attract H+.
• proton retention at cell surface contributes to cytoplasmic pH homeostasis RO:0002326

  Surface proton retention buffers the membrane and supports cytoplasmic pH homeostasis at high external pH.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2022.842785 Surface proton retention helps maintain a proton-rich microenvironment near the membrane.