Gao-TerY system

traitmech:000360 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a Gao_TerY locus represented by DefenseFinder as a three-profile model requiring Gao_TerY__TerYA, Gao_TerY__TerYB, and Gao_TerY__TerYC.

Trait evidence (6)

PMID:32855333
By systematic defense gene prediction and heterologous reconstitution, here we discover 29 widespread antiviral gene cassettes, collectively present in 32% of all sequenced bacterial and archaeal genomes, that mediate protection against specific bacteriophages.

Gao et al. support a systematic defense-gene prediction and heterologous reconstitution campaign that discovered widespread antiviral gene cassettes.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
Gao_TerY | 10\.1126/science\.aba0372 | Diverse enzymatic activities mediate antiviral immunity in prokaryotes

The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Gao_TerY system to the Gao et al. prokaryotic antiviral-immunity paper.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv
Gao_TerY Gao_TerY 3 3 Gao_TerY__TerYA, Gao_TerY__TerYB, Gao_TerY__TerYC

The DefenseFinder rules table models Gao_TerY as a three-profile system requiring the Gao_TerY__TerYA through Gao_TerY__TerYC profiles.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
| Gao_TerY__TerYA | Gao_TerY__TerYA | Gao_TerY | Custom | 100 |

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Gao_TerY__TerYA under Gao_TerY.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
| Gao_TerY__TerYB | Gao_TerY__TerYB | Gao_TerY | Custom | 38 |

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Gao_TerY__TerYB under Gao_TerY.
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
| Gao_TerY__TerYC | Gao_TerY__TerYC | Gao_TerY | Custom | 200 |

The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Gao_TerY__TerYC under Gao_TerY.

Gao-TerY loci confer bacterial phage defense

Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Gao_TerY locus to Gao et al. antiviral cassette defense without asserting the unresolved TerY component activities.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures Gao-TerY as a named DefenseFinder three-profile Gao-family system while leaving natural hosts, TerYA/TerYB/TerYC protein functions, phage triggers, and direct effector activity unresolved.

Edge evidence

Gao_TerY locus contributes to Gao 2020 antiviral cassette defense RO:0002326
DefenseFinder maps Gao_TerY to the Gao et al. systematic antiphage-system discovery paper and models it as a three-profile system requiring TerYA through TerYC.
- PMID:32855333 By systematic defense gene prediction and heterologous reconstitution, here we discover 29 widespread antiviral gene cassettes, collectively present in 32% of all sequenced bacterial and archaeal genomes, that mediate protection against specific bacteriophages. Gao et al. support bacteriophage protection by widespread antiviral gene cassettes.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Gao_TerY | 10\.1126/science\.aba0372 | Diverse enzymatic activities mediate antiviral immunity in prokaryotes The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Gao_TerY system to the Gao et al. prokaryotic antiviral-immunity paper.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv Gao_TerY Gao_TerY 3 3 Gao_TerY__TerYA, Gao_TerY__TerYB, Gao_TerY__TerYC The DefenseFinder rules table models Gao_TerY as a three-profile system requiring the Gao_TerY__TerYA through Gao_TerY__TerYC profiles.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md | Gao_TerY__TerYA | Gao_TerY__TerYA | Gao_TerY | Custom | 100 | The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Gao_TerY__TerYA under Gao_TerY.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md | Gao_TerY__TerYB | Gao_TerY__TerYB | Gao_TerY | Custom | 38 | The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Gao_TerY__TerYB under Gao_TerY.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md | Gao_TerY__TerYC | Gao_TerY__TerYC | Gao_TerY | Custom | 200 | The DefenseFinder HMM inventory records Gao_TerY__TerYC under Gao_TerY.
Gao 2020 antiviral cassette defense confers Gao-TerY system METPO:2007700
Gao_TerY-associated antiviral cassette defense realizes the Gao-TerY system trait.
- PMID:32855333 By systematic defense gene prediction and heterologous reconstitution, here we discover 29 widespread antiviral gene cassettes, collectively present in 32% of all sequenced bacterial and archaeal genomes, that mediate protection against specific bacteriophages. Gao et al. support bacteriophage protection by widespread antiviral gene cassettes.
Gao-TerY system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf
Gao-TerY system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Gao_TerY | 10\.1126/science\.aba0372 | Diverse enzymatic activities mediate antiviral immunity in prokaryotes The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Gao_TerY system to the Gao et al. prokaryotic antiviral-immunity paper.
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/DefenseFinder_rules.tsv Gao_TerY Gao_TerY 3 3 Gao_TerY__TerYA, Gao_TerY__TerYB, Gao_TerY__TerYC The DefenseFinder rules table models Gao_TerY as a three-profile system requiring the Gao_TerY__TerYA through Gao_TerY__TerYC profiles.

Provenance

Identifier source: TraitMech local identifier
Definition source: DOI:10.1126/science.aba0372

Parent traits (1)

phage defense system traitmech:000209

Synonyms (4)

Gao_TerY RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
Gao_TerY__TerYA RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Gao_TerY__TerYB RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md
Gao_TerY__TerYC RELATED_SYNONYM · https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/Liste_hmm_system.md

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve Gao_TerY natural hosts, TerY component functions, phage triggers, and effector activity before minting narrower Gao_TerY mechanism children.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN gao-tery-mechanism-gap · raised by codex · 2026-09-22

Attached to causal_graphs#gao_tery_locus_restricts_phage

Gao et al. support widespread antiviral gene cassettes that mediate protection against specific bacteriophages, and DefenseFinder models Gao_TerY as a three-profile system. The exact natural host breadth, TerYA/TerYB/TerYC component identities, phage trigger, and profile-to-activity mapping remain unresolved.

Curation history

2026-09-22T09:00:56Z · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex
Minted Gao-TerY system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v237.