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fungal peloton formation

traitmech:000666 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A morphological phenotype in which a fungus forms intracellular coiled hyphal masses, called pelotons, in association with a plant host.

Trait evidence (3)

  • DOI:10.1111/nph.14279
    In the colonised protocorm cells, ORM fungi form coiled hyphae, known as pelotons

    Fochi et al. (2017), author final manuscript, Discussion, Nitrogen transfer inside the mycorrhizal orchid protocorm, printed p. 15 / physical p. 17, line 465: https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/e27ce429-fbc3-2581-e053-d805fe0acbaa/N_metabolism_ORM_rev10_4aperto.pdf Contiguous clause matched after removing standalone line numbers and joining PDF line wraps, and visually checked. The maintained resolver returned NOT_IN_ABSTRACT; this is a manual full-text check, not a resolver VERIFIED result. Main text through Conclusions and actual Figure 5 were inspected. Figure 5 shows intact and collapsed pelotons in Serapias vomeracea 30 days after sowing with Tulasnella calospora. The manuscript's title wording and GEO(XXXX) placeholder differ from final metadata; no dataset accession is inferred. Other figure images and supplementary contents were not inspected. Transcript patterns and heterologous yeast assays are not causal tests of native peloton formation.

  • DOI:10.1111/1365-2745.70188
    Ericoid hyphal coils (also called pelotons) are specific structures formed by ericoid fungi in root epidermal cells

    Meyers et al. (2025), Table 1 continued, CCI row, Relevance column, p. 3681 / physical p. 4. The complete morphology clause was exact-matched and visually checked in the public publisher PDF deposited at https://freidok.uni-freiburg.de/data/273892; its SHA256 matches the repository checksum. This directly read usage supports ericoid scope, not an orchid-only definition. Methods 2.4 scores Vaccinium myrtillus root intersects, distinguishing coils from other intracellular hyphae; CCI is not a fungal cell fraction or measured nutrient flux. No fungal species was identified for a canonical example. Actual supplementary Figure S3 was not inspected. The resolver returned UNRESOLVED; an exact Europe PMC DOI query returned no hit and Crossref confirmed the exact DOI/title. Manual PDF verification does not change that resolver verdict.

  • DOI:10.1111/nph.19338
    tightly coiled intracellular fungal hyphae (i.e. pelotons) are a constant feature of OrM

    Perotto and Balestrini, Viewpoint, online 2023, institutional early-view PDF: https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/b44ea427-adb1-4f5b-a5b6-cc876e060f2f/New%20Phytologist%20-%202023%20-%20Perotto%20-%20At%20the%20core%20of%20the%20endomycorrhizal%20symbioses%20intracellular%20fungal%20structures%20in%20orchid.pdf Printed/physical p. 2, The peloton: a constant feature in orchid mycorrhiza. Main text and actual Figures 1-3 were read; the contiguous clause was visually checked. This is review terminology, not independent experimental replication. The same page describes Paris-type AM coils as resembling orchid pelotons and discusses a continuum with arbusculate coils; resemblance is not exact equivalence. Figure 2 has inconsistent panel/scale labels, so no panel-specific dimensions are adopted. Its hypothesis of plant-driven development is not an established formation mechanism. The orchid discussion does not erase the separate ericoid usage in Meyers et al.

Provenance

Identifier source
TraitMech local identifier
Definition source
DOI:10.1111/nph.14279

Parent traits (1)

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Canonical examples (1)

Organisms cited as exemplars of this trait. Taxon ids are NCBITaxon and link out to the NCBI record.

  • Tulasnella calospora NCBITaxon:156515 DOI:10.1111/nph.14279 AL13/4D = MUT4182 in Serapias vomeracea protocorms, oat medium, 20 C in darkness; actual Figure 5 documents pelotons 30 days after sowing. Fochi Methods, printed p. 4 / physical p. 6, https://iris.unito.it/retrieve/e27ce429-fbc3-2581-e053-d805fe0acbaa/N_metabolism_ORM_rev10_4aperto.pdf reports isolation from Anacamptis laxiflora mycorrhizal roots in northern Italy and deposition as MUT4182 (citing Girlanda et al. 2011, DOI:10.3732/ajb.1000486; that original isolation paper was not read). NCBI EFetch confirms species 156515 and child strain 1051891, Tulasnella calospora MUT 4182, with equivalent name Tulasnella calospora AL13/4D. The paper's engineered yeast complementation assay is a separate experiment, not an engineered fungal exemplar. This culture-qualified example is not independent taxonomic reidentification or evidence for every strain and condition.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (2)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve a closer parent without collapsing intracellular architectures.

CURATION TODO OPEN fungal-peloton-scope-and-hierarchy · raised by codex · 2026-10-07

Not yet attached to a section of this record — a curator sets attaches_to (e.g. causal_graphs#some_edge) so the gap shows beside the mechanism it concerns.

Use phenotype METPO:1000059. Spiral shaped METPO:1000684, branched shaped METPO:1000687 and filament shaped METPO:1000674 concern cell shape. Mycelial growth traitmech:000074 is explicitly bacterial. Fungal arbuscule formation traitmech:000664 concerns branched intracellular structures; hyphal anastomosis traitmech:000605 is fusion, pseudohyphal growth traitmech:000653 budding-cell chains, and haustorium formation traitmech:000663 a specialized host interface. None is an exact duplicate or settled closer parent. Fochi's orchid usage and Meyers' ericoid usage both inform the unqualified label. The review's Paris-type AM comparison does not make every intracellular coil a peloton or establish disjoint organisms. No exact synonyms, structure xrefs or SSSOM equivalences are asserted. Liverwort terminology in DOI:10.1098/rstb.2000.0617 remains an abstract-only analogy lead; its full text and figures were not inspected.

Separate formation from nutrient transfer and proposed regulation.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN fungal-peloton-formation-versus-function · raised by codex · 2026-10-07

Not yet attached to a section of this record — a curator sets attaches_to (e.g. causal_graphs#some_edge) so the gap shows beside the mechanism it concerns.

The phenotype does not require a measured nutrient flux, exclusive mutualism, a universal lifespan, or a specific plant-driven mechanism. Transcript associations and isolated transporter complementation do not establish the native formation pathway. Nutrient transfer before or during coil degeneration is a separate question from morphogenesis. A protein-resolved causal graph is deferred pending direct formation perturbations and authority-verified protein anchors; a mechanism is not claimed biologically absent. Keep the example's MUT4182 separate from Tulasnella sp. SV6 (MUT4178) studied in DOI:10.1186/s43008-024-00165-6: that paper uses AL13/4D as a reference genome, not as its culture.

Curation history

  1. · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex

    Added fungal peloton formation with two primary DOI-backed sources, a separately identified review, three snippets and a culture-qualified Tulasnella calospora example. Ignored-and-hidden novelty and main/worktree/open-PR reservation checks support 000666 and v542 block 1061900-1061999, with BAS #1788 reserved separately. Kept morphology distinct from nutrient flux and unproven formation mechanisms.

Recorded curation sessions

  • · codex
    • CREATE — Add source-qualified fungal peloton formation

      Added PROPOSED traitmech:000666 with two primary DOI sources and a separately identified review, three directly checked snippets, a natural-origin culture-qualified Tulasnella calospora example, and open scope/mechanism discussions. Reserved METPO proposal v542 block 1061900-1061999 after ignored-and-hidden novelty and current main/local-worktree/open-PR checks, keeping BAS PR 1788 reservations occupied. The dry-run-first guarded writer and all 20 focused tests passed before application. Full proposal, corpus, online taxonomy, snippet, artifact and browser gates remain required before merge. No causal graph or exact external equivalence was asserted; no existing trait was edited.

    Read this curation session