peritrichous

Edge evidence

• bacterial-type flagellum defines peritrichous METPO:2007500

  Flagella distributed over the cell surface define the peritrichous arrangement.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuv034 Schuhmacher et al. describe peritrichous flagellation as a conserved pattern.
• peritrichous associated with surface-distributed placement biolink:associated_with

  The peritrichous pattern spaces multiple flagella across the cell surface.

  • DOI:10.3390/biom9070279 Flagellum review supports multiple surface flagellar filaments as locomotory organelles.
• peritrichous distinguished from polar flagellar arrangement

  Peritrichous surface-distributed flagella are distinguished from polar flagellar arrangements.

  • DOI:10.3390/fermentation10120606 Frolov et al. 2024 contrast Pseudomonas polar flagella located at one pole with peritrichous flagella located throughout the cell wall.
• FlhG modulates progression of flagellar assembly RO:0002211

  FlhG modulates FlhF and controls FliG interactions with C-ring proteins, regulating progression of flagellar assembly.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-50274-4 Dornes et al. 2024: FlhG's modulation of FlhF controls FliG interaction with FliM/FliN, thereby regulating progression of flagellar assembly; general placement/number control.
• flagellar filament number positively influences (saturating) swimming velocity

  Swimming velocity rises with flagellar filament number up to a critical number then saturates.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-56980-x Lisevich et al. 2025: swimming velocity increases with flagellar-gene expression only up to ~5 flagella, above which it saturates; functional phenotype of multiple peritrichous flagella.
• carbon limitation inversely correlates with motility

  Under carbon-limited growth, motility stays below maximal and inversely correlates with growth rate.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-56980-x Lisevich et al. 2025: during carbon-limited growth motility remains below maximal levels and inversely correlates with growth rate.