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Fliodhais system

traitmech:000326 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A phage defense system in which an organism possesses a two-component Fliodhais locus that can reduce Lactococcus bacteriophage c2 plaque development.

Trait evidence (4)

  • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671
    Based on comparative sequence analysis (BLASTN and BLASTP) and on functional and structural analysis (HHpred and InterPro) the remaining seven antiphage systems (out of the twenty identified) did not display significant homology to any previously described antiphage system, thus rendering them novel antiphage systems (Table 1). These systems were named after cheese, cattle or fermentation related deities (Rhea, Aristaios, Kamadhenu, Fliodhais, Audmula, Rugutis and Hesat)

    Grafakou et al. named Fliodhais among seven not previously described lactococcal antiphage systems.

  • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671
    All discovered systems, except Fliodhais, are single gene antiphage systems. Both genetic components are necessary for Fliodhais activity; the described antiphage activity (see below) was not observed when the two components were cloned and tested separately.

    Grafakou et al. report that the tested Fliodhais system requires both of its genetic components for activity.

  • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671
    Fliodhais was associated with smaller c2 plaques surrounded by a halo (<1 mm clear-centred plaques with a faint ring), a phenotype that was not observed when phage c2 was plated on the wild type strain (up to 4 mm clear-centred plaques without a halo).

    Grafakou et al. report a Fliodhais-associated c2 plaque morphology distinct from the wild-type Lactococcus host.

  • https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md
    Fliodhais | 10\.1093/nar/gkae671 | Discovery of antiphage systems in the lactococcal plasmidome

    The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Fliodhais system to the Grafakou et al. lactococcal antiphage-system discovery paper.

Fliodhais loci confer bacterial phage defense

Conservative system-level sketch linking possession of a Fliodhais locus to restricted bacteriophage propagation without asserting the unresolved phage trigger or molecular output.

NONMECHANISTIC · The graph captures Fliodhais as a named two-component lactococcal anti-phage system while leaving its direct phage trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, natural locus breadth, and the absence of pinned DefenseFinder HMM or rule rows unresolved.

Fliodhais loci confer bacterial phage defense Interactive directed graph showing evidence-backed causal relationships for Fliodhais system.

Edge evidence

  • Fliodhais locus contributes to restricted phage propagation RO:0002326

    The lactococcal plasmidome screen discovered Fliodhais as a named two-component antiphage system, and the DefenseFinder article registry maps the Fliodhais system to that discovery paper.

    • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 Based on comparative sequence analysis (BLASTN and BLASTP) and on functional and structural analysis (HHpred and InterPro) the remaining seven antiphage systems (out of the twenty identified) did not display significant homology to any previously described antiphage system, thus rendering them novel antiphage systems (Table 1). These systems were named after cheese, cattle or fermentation related deities (Rhea, Aristaios, Kamadhenu, Fliodhais, Audmula, Rugutis and Hesat) Grafakou et al. named Fliodhais as one of the novel lactococcal antiphage systems.
    • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 All discovered systems, except Fliodhais, are single gene antiphage systems. Both genetic components are necessary for Fliodhais activity; the described antiphage activity (see below) was not observed when the two components were cloned and tested separately. Grafakou et al. report that both cloned Fliodhais components were necessary for activity.
    • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 Fliodhais was associated with smaller c2 plaques surrounded by a halo (<1 mm clear-centred plaques with a faint ring), a phenotype that was not observed when phage c2 was plated on the wild type strain (up to 4 mm clear-centred plaques without a halo). Grafakou et al. report Fliodhais-associated c2 plaque-size reduction.
    • https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mdmparis/defense-finder-models/afb0e5a8b466be53586b13266f5d38d98c3ac268/List_system_article.md Fliodhais | 10\.1093/nar/gkae671 | Discovery of antiphage systems in the lactococcal plasmidome The DefenseFinder article registry maps the named Fliodhais system to the Grafakou et al. lactococcal antiphage-system discovery paper.
  • restricted phage propagation confers Fliodhais system METPO:2007700

    Fliodhais-mediated phage restriction realizes the Fliodhais system trait.

    • DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671 Fliodhais was associated with smaller c2 plaques surrounded by a halo (<1 mm clear-centred plaques with a faint ring), a phenotype that was not observed when phage c2 was plated on the wild type strain (up to 4 mm clear-centred plaques without a halo). Grafakou et al. report a Fliodhais-linked change in c2 plaque development.
  • Fliodhais system is a phage defense system rdfs:subClassOf

    Fliodhais system possession is a phage-defense-system trait.

Provenance

Identifier source
TraitMech local identifier
Definition source
DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671

Parent traits (1)

Synonyms (1)

  • Fliodhais EXACT_SYNONYM · DOI:10.1093/nar/gkae671

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (1)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Resolve Fliodhais phage triggers and effector outputs before minting narrower Fliodhais mechanism children.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN fliodhais-mechanism-gap · raised by codex · 2026-09-21

Attached to causal_graphs#fliodhais_locus_restricts_phage

Grafakou et al. and DefenseFinder support Fliodhais as a named two-component anti-phage system, but the direct trigger, molecular substrate, antiviral effector output, natural locus breadth, and profile-to-component model are not resolved enough here to assert a narrower mechanistic child trait.

Curation history

  1. · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex

    Minted Fliodhais system as a DOI-backed GENOMICS TraitRecord under phage defense system after an ignored-and-hidden duplicate review found no exact live TraitMech, METPO, history, or prior proposal record; the replacement placeholder is reserved in proposals/metpo_traitmech_v203.