endocytosis

traitmech:000636 · CLASS · PROPOSED

A physiological phenotype in which a microbial cell takes up extracellular material or plasma-membrane components into intracellular membrane-bound compartments by remodeling and internalizing its plasma membrane.

Trait evidence (2)

  • DOI:10.1083/jcb.128.5.779
    After an additional 20-40 min, the PM and cytoplasmic punctate staining disappeared concomitant with staining of the vacuolar membrane.

    PMID:7533169, PMC2120394. Scientific Abstract quote verified in Europe PMC XML; full-text OCR, including Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion, was read at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC2120394/fullTextXML. FM 4-64 tracks plasma-membrane-to-vacuole transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Early experiments used BHY10.5, a CPY-invertase reporter background, not the SEY6210 control in later mutant comparisons. Endosome identity is qualified as likely. Mutant effects on vacuolar delivery are not necessarily initial-internalization defects; in vitro ATP/cytosol dependence concerns later transport. Marker-specific results do not establish a universal route. PDF/figures were unavailable and were not visually audited.

  • DOI:10.1128/mcb.14.11.7245-7255.1994
    This report presents direct evidence for alpha-factor-induced internalization of cell surface receptors.

    PMID:7935439, PMC359259. Scientific Abstract directly read in NCBI PubMed XML and Europe PMC metadata, which agree on this DOI. Density fractionation and extracellular-protease protection support receptor internalization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The abstract distinguishes receptor signaling, internalization and subsequent vacuolar degradation. No fixed transit time or universal receptor requirement is imposed. Full text and figures were unavailable: the Europe PMC full-text endpoint returned HTTP 500 and the indexed PDF mirror returned 404. Strain provenance and unread assay details are not inferred.

Provenance

Identifier source
TraitMech local identifier
Definition source
DOI:10.1083/jcb.128.5.779

Parent traits (1)

kg-microbe context

No kg-microbe node embedding matched this record in the 2026-04-25 deepwalk.

Discussions and Knowledge Gaps (2)

Open questions attached to this trait. Seeded by just knowledge-gap-scan and curated; see the corpus-wide index.

Distinguish membrane-bound uptake from neighboring capabilities.

CURATION TODO OPEN endocytosis-scope-and-hierarchy · raised by codex · 2026-10-06

Not yet attached to a section of this record — a curator sets attaches_to (e.g. causal_graphs#some_edge) so the gap shows beside the mechanism it concerns.

This is the microbial cell's uptake phenotype, not a host response, a sequence feature or intracellular trafficking alone. Surface adsorption, passive diffusion, transporter entry, open membrane invaginations and autophagy alone are insufficient. Pinocytosis traitmech:000635 and phagocytosis traitmech:000627 entail this scope; macropinocytosis traitmech:000634 remains below pinocytosis. No fixed size, clathrin/actin dependence, nutritional assimilation or degradation is required. Trogocytosis traitmech:000633 describes removal and uptake of living-cell portions without universally specifying membrane-bound enclosure. Myzocytosis traitmech:000631 describes prey-content aspiration. Its cited 2023 Discussion (DOI:10.3390/microorganisms11081945) calls myzocytosis a form of endocytosis in the studied Colpodella system; that source-attributed umbrella usage is retained, not treated as proof that every aspiration phenotype meets this operational membrane-bound scope. Their broader parent decisions remain unresolved, not exclusions or disjointness claims. Nutritional phagotrophy is not an equivalent. Review process-level ontology mappings separately; no unverified synonyms or xrefs are asserted.

Resolve strain provenance and route-specific molecular evidence.

KNOWLEDGE GAP OPEN endocytosis-exemplar-and-mechanism · raised by codex · 2026-10-06

Not yet attached to a section of this record — a curator sets attaches_to (e.g. causal_graphs#some_edge) so the gap shows beside the mechanism it concerns.

The two independent studies both concern laboratory Saccharomyces cerevisiae, not independent taxon replication. BHY10.5's reporter background is not a natural isolate; the 1994 full methods and strain provenance remain unread. Canonical examples are left unset rather than generalize these assays to every strain or claim a wild-type provenance. Membrane-tracer transport, receptor uptake and fluid uptake need not report identical routes. The 1995 authors discuss nonvesicular alternatives and qualify endosome identity. No complete molecular mechanism, protein accessions or causal graph are inferred from tracer behavior or abstracts. Obtain taxon-paired functional and strain-provenance evidence before adding those fields.

Curation history

  1. · MINTED_TRAITMECH_ID · codex

    Added endocytosis with two DOI-backed scientific-abstract snippets and explicit strain, assay and access limits. Ignored-and-hidden searches and pinned METPO review found no exact record. Reserved METPO:1058900 in v512; refined pinocytosis and phagocytosis parents without asserting unverified mappings or a molecular mechanism.