butyric acid fermentation

Trait evidence (3)

• DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2021.703525

  Until about 10 years ago, anaerobes were thought to exclusively use substrate level phosphorylation (SLP), by which only part of the available energy could be conserved. Therefore, anaerobes were regarded as unproductive and inefficient energy conservers. The discovery of electrochemical Na+ gradients generated by biotin-dependent decarboxylations or by reduction of NAD+ with ferredoxin changed this view.

  Buckel supplies anaerobic-fermentation energy-conservation context, including substrate-level phosphorylation and ferredoxin-linked ion-gradient generation.

• DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01514.x

  Five different arrangements have been identified for the genes of the central pathway involved in butyrate synthesis, while in most cases butyryl-CoA : acetate CoA-transferase, rather than butyrate kinase, appears to perform the final step in butyrate synthesis. Mechanisms have been proposed recently in non-gut Clostridium spp. whereby butyrate synthesis can result in energy generation via both substrate-level phosphorylation and proton gradients.

  Louis and Flint connect butyrate synthesis to energy generation through substrate-level phosphorylation and proton gradients while reviewing the butyryl-CoA : acetate CoA-transferase terminal route.

• DOI:10.1111/1751-7915.12304

  the adapted C. tyrobutyricum strain was characterized by a high yield and selectivity to butyric acid

  Baroi et al. directly studied butyric acid fermentation from pretreated and hydrolysed wheat straw by an adapted Clostridium tyrobutyricum strain.