Disproportionation

Edge evidence

• Disproportionation occurs in anoxic condition biolink:occurs_in

  Sulfur disproportionation is commonly observed as anaerobic microbial metabolism.

  • DOI:10.1080/17415990802105770 microbiologically catalyzed chemolithotrophic process Supports microbial sulfur disproportionation under non-oxygenated sulfur cycling contexts.
• inorganic sulfur intermediate serves as electron donor and acceptor Disproportionation METPO:2007603

  A single sulfur intermediate provides both donor and acceptor halves.

  • DOI:10.1080/17415990802105770 serve as both electron donor and acceptor Directly supports the defining redox split.
• elemental sulfur example of inorganic sulfur intermediate rdfs:subClassOf

  Elemental sulfur is a disproportionation substrate.

  • DOI:10.1016/j.gca.2013.03.013 elemental sulfur disproportionation Supports elemental sulfur as a substrate.
• thiosulfate example of inorganic sulfur intermediate rdfs:subClassOf

  Thiosulfate is a disproportionation substrate.

  • DOI:10.1080/17415990802105770 elemental sulfur, thiosulfate, and sulfite Supports thiosulfate among disproportionated sulfur intermediates.
• inorganic sulfur intermediate reduced to sulfide

  One fraction of the substrate is reduced to sulfide.

  • DOI:10.1080/17415990802105770 generate hydrogen sulfide and sulfate Supports sulfide as reduced product.
• inorganic sulfur intermediate oxidized to sulfate METPO:2007405

  One fraction of the substrate is oxidized to sulfate.

  • DOI:10.1080/17415990802105770 generate hydrogen sulfide and sulfate Supports sulfate as oxidized product.
• reverse sulfate reduction pathway participates in Disproportionation biolink:participates_in

  Some disproportionating microbes use reversed sulfate-reduction enzymes.

  • DOI:10.1080/17415990802105770 reverse the sulfate reduction pathway Supports the proposed pathway mechanism for some isolates.
• thiosulfate produces sulfate METPO:2000202

  Thiosulfate disproportionation yields sulfate as the oxidized product.

  • DOI:10.1128/msystems.00954-22 Thiosulfate disproportionation follows the stoichiometry S2O3(2-) + H2O -> SO4(2-) + HS- + H+.
• thiosulfate produces sulfide METPO:2000202

  Thiosulfate disproportionation yields sulfide as the reduced product.

  • DOI:10.1128/msystems.00954-22 Thiosulfate disproportionation follows the stoichiometry S2O3(2-) + H2O -> SO4(2-) + HS- + H+.
• TsdA thiosulfate dehydrogenase catalyzes oxidation of thiosulfate

  TsdA oxidizes thiosulfate to tetrathionate, the entry step of the S4 intermediate pathway.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1426584 tsdA (and doxDA) catalyze conversion of thiosulfate (S2O3 2-) to tetrathionate (S4O6 2-).
• TsdA thiosulfate dehydrogenase produces tetrathionate METPO:2000202

  Product of TsdA-catalyzed thiosulfate oxidation is tetrathionate.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1426584 tsdA catalyzes conversion of thiosulfate to tetrathionate (S4O6 2-).
• TetH tetrathionate hydrolase disproportionates tetrathionate METPO:2000200

  TetH hydrolyzes/disproportionates tetrathionate into elemental sulfur, thiosulfate, and sulfate.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1426584 Tetrathionate can be subsequently disproportionated via tetH to form S0, S2O3 2-, and SO4 2-.
• SOR sulfur oxygenase reductase disproportionates elemental sulfur METPO:2000200

  SOR catalyzes disproportionation of elemental sulfur, releasing sulfite and sulfide.

  • DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-54306-7_15 The SOR catalyzes an O2-dependent S0 disproportionation releasing SO3 2- and HS-.
• SOR sulfur oxygenase reductase produces sulfite METPO:2000202

  Sulfite is the oxidized product of SOR-catalyzed elemental sulfur disproportionation.

  • DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-54306-7_15 SOR catalyzes an O2-dependent S0 disproportionation releasing SO3 2- and HS-.
• iron-sulfide mineral formation scavenges sulfide

  Formation of Fe-sulfide minerals scavenges produced sulfide, relieving product inhibition of sulfur disproportionation.

  • DOI:10.1128/msystems.00954-22 Ferrihydrite scavenges produced sulfide as Fe-sulfide.