oogamy

Trait evidence (4)

• DOI:10.5194/essd-15-2711-2023

  smaller motile male gametes with flagella (oogamous), except for red algae in which the male gamete is also non-motile.

  Vranken et al. (2023), Figure 2 caption, directly checked in publisher HTML and the actual figure. The full caption defines oogamy with a larger nonmotile female gamete and explicitly allows nonmotile red-algal male gametes. Thus male motility is not a universal requirement. This seaweed trait compilation supports terminology, not an independent microbial experiment or a canonical macroalgal example. The gamete-type paragraph and inheritance policy were also read: some species fields inherit genus data. Other actual figures, the data release and survey sheets remain uninspected. The figure is a life-cycle diagram, not measured gamete sizes; no numerical ratio is inferred.

• DOI:10.1186/s12915-024-01878-1

  Oogamy constitutes a specialized form of anisogamy wherein small male gametes are motile and large female gametes are not

  Lindsey et al. (2024), PMID:38600528, PMC11007952, Background Sec1 clause before the parenthetical, verified in raw XML and publisher HTML. Supports the anisogamy parent and usual motile-male formulation, not a universal rule in view of Vranken et al. The scientific abstract and scope paragraph were read; remaining analyses, actual figures and supplements were not audited. This terminology passage is not independent experimental replication.

• DOI:10.1186/s40529-018-0227-9

  Volvox carteri f. nagariensis is an oogamous species that has heterothallic sexuality

  Nozaki et al. (2018), PMID:29616358, PMC5882469, exact Background clause checked in raw XML. Scientific abstract, Background, Methods, Results, Discussion, Table 1 with row spans, captions and actual Figure 2 were inspected. Panels a-d show male spheroids/sperm packets, e female eggs, f-g mature zygotes. The Results qualify zygote formation as after possible fertilization; individual gamete fusion was not directly tracked. Do not compare packet size with egg size as a gamete-size ratio. Reference strains were induced in VTAC at 25 C with a 14:10 light-dark cycle; sexual spheroids formed after 2-4 days. Table 1's sex column is PCR-based, not 33 independent phenotype experiments. Failure to amplify HMG1f in another strain does not demonstrate deletion: primer polymorphism remains an explicit alternative. Other actual figures, Table 2 and supplements remain uninspected. Heterothallism describes this example, not all oogamy.

• DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001904

  Transgenic female V. carteri expressing male MID produced functional sperm packets during sexual development.

  Geng et al. (2014), PMID:25003332, PMC4086717, scientific-abstract sentence checked in raw XML. The scientific abstract, selected Introduction/Results/Methods passages, actual Figure 2 with its caption and all extracted Table S3 text were inspected. Figure 2B/C/F/H show wild-type egg/sperm controls; D/G/I show the engineered pseudo-male spheroid, its sperm packet and an aberrant sperm cell, respectively. Panel E shows a mature zygote from an Eve::VcMID-BH x Eve cross, not the engineered parent. Table S3 distinguishes Eve (UTEX 1885) and AichiM (NIES-398) from nitA- derivatives E15 and A18 used to generate transgenics. Table S3 was text-extracted, not visually rendered; remaining source material was not fully audited. MID gain/loss supports gamete-development causality in the tested backgrounds, not a universal oogamy mechanism or a natural canonical exemplar for the engineered strains. Resolve native protein accessions before a protein-grounded causal graph.