psychrotolerant

Edge evidence

• low temperature decreases membrane fluidity RO:0002212

  Low temperature reduces membrane fluidity, requiring compensation.

  • DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7400662 decreased membrane fluidity Supports cold-end membrane stress as the physical challenge for psychrotolerant growth.
• facultative lipid remodeling regulates membrane fluidity RO:0002211

  Facultative lipid remodeling maintains workable membrane fluidity at low temperature.

  • DOI:10.1146/annurev-micro-091313-103612 more unsaturated fatty acids Supports homoviscous adaptation as the mechanism employed under cold exposure.
• cold-shock response enables psychrotolerant RO:0002327

  The cold-shock response enables acclimation to low temperature without obligate cold dedication.

  • DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7400662 Cold-shock proteins have also been described Supports cold-shock proteins as a hallmark facultative-cold adaptation.
• facultative lipid remodeling manifests as psychrotolerant METPO:2007400

  Facultative lipid remodeling at low temperature manifests the psychrotolerant trait in representative organisms.

  • DOI:10.1099/ijs.0.65141-0 Pseudomonas guineae sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant bacterium Supports the trait endpoint in a representative organism.
• low temperature causes membrane rigidification and thickening biolink:causes

  A low-temperature shift causes membrane rigidification and thickening toward a gel-phase transition.

  • DOI:10.1128/spectrum.03925-23 Cold shock causes membrane rigidification and concomitant thickening, potentially culminating in a gel-phase transition.
• low temperature increases unsaturated hopanoids RO:0002213

  Decreasing growth temperature increases the unsaturated hopanoid fraction as a compositional cold adaptation.

  • DOI:10.1007/s42770-023-01057-4 As the growth temperature decreased from 20 to 4 C, the total percent of unsaturated hopanoids increased from 27 to 49%.
• compatible solute accumulation protects protein and membrane stability under cold stress

  Compatible solute accumulation stabilizes proteins and membranes during low-temperature stress.

  • DOI:10.37256/amtt.5220244537 Compatible solutes depress freezing point, stabilize proteins and membranes, scavenge radicals, and act as cryoprotectants.
• extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) provides cryoprotection against freeze-thaw cycles

  EPS surrounding cells provide cryoprotection against freeze-thaw cycles.

  • DOI:10.37256/amtt.5220244537 EPS surrounding cells play a critical role in cold adaptation by providing protection against freeze-thaw cycles and acting as cryoprotectants.
• psychrotolerant has capability growth at 4 degrees C

  The psychrotolerant trait entails the capacity to grow at low temperatures such as 4 C while retaining higher optimal temperatures.

  • DOI:10.1007/s42770-023-01057-4 Psychrotolerant/psychrotroph microbes can grow at 4 C and have optimal growth temperatures above 20 C.