carotenoid pigmentation

Edge evidence

• isoprenoid precursors feed into carotenoid biosynthesis

  Isoprenoid precursors provide substrate for carotenoid production.

  • DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2004.11.038 isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis Supports isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis as a major step in eubacterial carotenoid pathways.
• Crt enzymes catalyzes carotenoid biosynthesis biolink:catalyzes

  Crt gene products catalyze bacterial carotenoid biosynthetic reactions.

  • DOI:10.1080/1040841X.2025.2526423 crt genes ... reactions they catalyze Supports Crt enzymes as pathway catalysts.
• carotenoid biosynthesis produces conjugated carotenoids METPO:2000202

  Carotenoid biosynthesis produces conjugated carotenoid pigments.

  • DOI:10.1080/1040841X.2025.2526423 biosynthesis pathways of bacterial carotenoids Supports bacterial carotenoid biosynthesis as the source of carotenoid pigments.
• conjugated carotenoids causes yellow-orange-red color biolink:causes

  Conjugated carotenoids absorb visible light and produce yellow-orange-red pigmentation.

  • DOI:10.1080/1040841X.2025.2526423 red, pink, orange, and yellow pigmentation in bacteria Supports carotenoids as color determinants for this pigment class.
• yellow-orange-red color manifests as carotenoid pigmentation METPO:2007400

  Yellow-orange-red visible color manifests carotenoid pigmentation.

  • DOI:10.1080/1040841X.2025.2526423 responsible for the red, pink, orange, and yellow pigmentation Supports the trait-level mapping from carotenoid chemistry to pigmentation.
• phytoene synthase converts phytoene

  Phytoene synthase condenses prenyl diphosphate (GFDP) to form phytoene.

  • DOI:10.3390/molecules29174235 Through the catalytic action of phytoene synthase, GFDP undergoes condensation to form phytoene.
• phytoene is substrate for phytoene desaturase

  Phytoene is dehydrogenated by phytoene desaturase en route to lycopene.

  • DOI:10.3390/molecules29174235 Phytoene is further dehydrogenated by dehydrogenase to generate phytofluene, which is subsequently converted into lycopene.
• phytoene desaturase produces lycopene METPO:2000202

  Phytoene desaturase converts phytoene (via phytofluene) to lycopene.

  • DOI:10.3390/molecules29174235 Phytoene is further dehydrogenated... which is subsequently converted into lycopene.
• lycopene cyclases converts cyclic carotenes

  Lycopene cyclases cyclize lycopene into alpha-, epsilon-, and beta-carotene.

  • DOI:10.3390/molecules29174235 The cyclization of lycopene... lead[s] to the formation of alpha-carotene, epsilon-carotene, and beta-carotene under the catalysis of various lycopene cyclases.
• lycopene is substrate for lycopene cyclases

  Lycopene is the substrate cyclized by lycopene cyclases.

  • DOI:10.3390/molecules29174235 The cyclization of lycopene... under the catalysis of various lycopene cyclases.
• cyclic carotenes is a conjugated carotenoids rdfs:subClassOf

  Cyclic carotenes are conjugated carotenoid pigments contributing to coloration.

  • DOI:10.3390/molecules29174235 Cyclic carotenes (alpha-/epsilon-/beta-carotene) are conjugated carotenoid pigment products of the pathway.