white pigmented

Edge evidence

• crtOPQMN operon encodes staphyloxanthin biosynthesis biolink:encodes

  The crtOPQMN operon encodes machinery for staphyloxanthin biosynthesis.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41426-018-0078-1 controlled by the crtOPQMN operon Supports the operon as staphyloxanthin biosynthetic machinery.
• staphyloxanthin biosynthesis produces staphyloxanthin METPO:2000202

  Staphyloxanthin biosynthesis produces the golden carotenoid pigment.

  • DOI:10.1084/jem.20050846 Golden color imparted by carotenoid pigments Supports the link from carotenoid biosynthesis to visible golden pigment in S. aureus.
• low visible chromophore accumulation results from reduced staphyloxanthin biosynthesis

  Reduced or absent staphyloxanthin biosynthesis lowers visible pigment accumulation.

  • DOI:10.2147/IDR.S49039 white-colony phenotype actually lacked the crtOPQMN operon Supports white colony phenotype when staphyloxanthin synthesis machinery is absent in a representative case.
• low visible chromophore accumulation causes visible white color biolink:causes

  Lack of accumulated chromophore yields a white or nonpigmented colony appearance.

  • DOI:10.2147/IDR.S49039 white phenotypic variant Supports white appearance as a phenotype of low or absent visible pigment.
• visible white color manifests as white pigmented METPO:2007400

  Visible white colony color manifests the white-pigmented trait.

  • DOI:10.2147/IDR.S49039 white phenotypic variant of Staphylococcus aureus Supports trait-level white pigmentation in a representative microbial context.
• melanin biosynthesis produces melanin METPO:2000202

  PKS-mediated melanin biosynthesis produces the melanin chromophore.

  • DOI:10.1007/s00792-024-01354-2 pks1 mutation abolishes melanization / decreased DHN melanin accumulation, establishing the PKS biosynthetic route to melanin.
• reduced melanin accumulation results from reduced melanin biosynthesis

  Reduced melanin biosynthesis lowers melanin chromophore accumulation.

  • DOI:10.1080/21501203.2023.2249010 Knockout of PKS gene (pksA) reduced melanin production, yielding melanin-deficient cells.
• reduced melanin accumulation causes visible white color biolink:causes

  Loss of melanin chromophore yields a white colony surface / white cells.

  • DOI:10.1080/21501203.2023.2249010 Mel- colonies are uneven with a white surface and white conidia; generic melanin-loss to white-pigment link.
• SigB (sigma factor B) positively regulates staphyloxanthin biosynthesis

  Sigma factor B positively regulates staphyloxanthin biosynthesis genes; its loss reduces pigment.

  • DOI:10.1128/mbio.00346-24 SigB positively regulates genes involved in staphyloxanthin synthesis; disruptive sigB mutations give white colonies.
• GlmS positively regulates SigB (sigma factor B)

  GlmS directly upregulates sigB transcription, feeding the carotenoid-pigment regulatory cascade.

  • DOI:10.1080/21505594.2024.2352476 GlmS directly upregulates sigB transcription (dual-luciferase and EMSA promoter binding); glmS knockout reduces sigB and golden pigment.