mycelial growth

Edge evidence

• apical hyphal extension and branching enables mycelial growth RO:0002327

  Sustained apical extension and branching realize mycelial growth.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro1968 Flärdh & Buttner describe Streptomyces growth as a branching hyphal mycelium.
• mycelial growth develops into aerial hyphae and spore differentiation biolink:develops_into

  Mycelial colonies differentiate aerial hyphae and spores.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3178 Claessen et al. treat filamentous/mycelial growth as a bacterial solution to multicellularity with developmental differentiation.
• DivIVA polarisome directs apical hyphal extension and branching RO:0002211

  The DivIVA polarisome drives apical (tip) growth of vegetative and aerial hyphae.

  • DOI:10.1128/JB.00153-23 The DivIVA-polarisome drives the growth of both branching vegetative hyphae and non-branching aerial hyphae.
• polarisome splitting causes new branch emergence biolink:causes

  Splitting of polarisomes at growing tips gives rise to daughter polarisomes that nucleate new branches.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsml/uqad020 Splitting of the polarisomes at growing tips gives rise to daughter polarisomes coordinating branches.
• CglA glycopolymer ligase mediates wall teichoic acid attachment to peptidoglycan

  CglA catalyzes attachment of wall teichoic acids/glycopolymers to peptidoglycan during wall biogenesis.

  • DOI:10.1128/mbio.01492-24 CglA is an LCP-LytR_C glycopolymer ligase that catalyzes attachment of WTAs to peptidoglycan.
• CglA glycopolymer ligase localizes to hyphal tips and branching points biolink:located_in

  CglA localizes to regions of active cell-wall incorporation at hyphal tips and branching points.

  • DOI:10.1128/mbio.01492-24 YPet-CglA localizes to regions of active cell-wall incorporation - hyphal tips and branching points.
• CglA glycopolymer ligase enables FtsZ-ring positioning and septum placement RO:0002327

  Loss of CglA/glycopolymers disrupts FtsZ-ring formation/positioning and causes misplaced septa.

  • DOI:10.1128/mbio.01492-24 Loss of CglA causes failures in FtsZ-ring formation and positioning and misplaced division septa.
• FtsZ Z-ladder arrays drives sporulation septation and spore-chain formation

  Ladder-like arrays of FtsZ rings constrict and separate to yield regular spore chains.

  • DOI:10.1128/mbio.01492-24 FtsZ forms ladder-like arrays whose constriction and separation yields regularly shaped spores.
• SapB / chaplins / rodlins promotes aerial hyphae and spore differentiation RO:0002213

  SapB surfactant and chaplin/rodlin sheaths overcome surface tension to promote aerial hyphae emergence.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsml/uqad020 Aerial development involves chaplin/rodlin hydrophobic sheaths and surfactant SapB to overcome surface tension.