cobalt tolerant

Edge evidence

• cobalt(2+) ion challenges cobalt tolerant METPO:2007406

  Cytoplasmic cobalt is the toxic challenge the trait counters.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00047 Cupriavidus metallidurans BS1 tolerates Co(2+) to a MIC of 20 mM.
• czc/cnr cobalt efflux system enables cobalt ion transmembrane transport RO:0002327

  CzcP exports cobalt together with zinc and cadmium cations.

  • DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06792.x CzcP exports transition metals Zn(2+), Cd(2+), and Co(2+).
• cobalt ion transmembrane transport mitigates cobalt(2+) ion METPO:2007407

  Czc/cnr-mediated export depletes the cytoplasmic cobalt pool.

  • DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06792.x The czc efflux system of C. metallidurans confers cobalt resistance.
• CzcCBA efflux complex exports cobalt(2+) ion METPO:2000209

  CzcCBA RND antiporter effluxes cytoplasmic cobalt together with Zn2+ and Cd2+.

  • DOI:10.3390/ijms26125716 CzcCBA, an RND-superfamily chemiosmotic divalent cation/proton antiporter, deals with the efflux of Cd2+, Zn2+, and Co2+.
• CzcS/CzcR two-component system activates transcription of czcCBA operon expression

  CzcS sensor kinase activates response regulator CzcR, which transcriptionally activates czcCBA.

  • DOI:10.3390/ijms26125716 Activated CzcR functions as a transcriptional activator of czcCBA expression.
• czcCBA operon expression enables cobalt ion transmembrane transport RO:0002327

  Expression of the czcCBA operon produces the efflux complex enabling cobalt export.

  • DOI:10.3390/ijms26125716 czcCBA encodes the CzcCBA system mediating Co2+ efflux.
• cnr (cnrCBAYXHT) determinant confers resistance to cobalt tolerant

  The cnrCBAYXHT operon confers cobalt (and nickel) resistance.

  • DOI:10.1007/s44274-025-00301-y This strain exhibits resistance to 3 mM Ni and 5 mM Co, conferred by the cnrCBAYXHT operon located on plasmid pMOL28.
• DmeF CDF-family exporter exports cobalt(2+) ion METPO:2000209

  DmeF CDF-family exporter preferentially effluxes cobalt.

  • DOI:10.1007/s44274-025-00301-y Co2+ is the preferred substrate for the DmeF protein in Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34.
• RcnA/YohM Co/Ni efflux protein enables cobalt ion transmembrane transport RO:0002327

  RcnA/YohM is an efflux system for nickel and cobalt, increasing cobalt resistance.

  • DOI:10.1128/JB.187.8.2912-2916.2005 yohM encodes a membrane-bound polypeptide conferring increased nickel and cobalt resistance in E. coli; YohM is the first described efflux system for nickel and cobalt in E. coli.
• cobalt ion transmembrane transport contributes to cellular cobalt homeostasis RO:0002326

  Czc/Cnr efflux complexes are present even without added metals, contributing to baseline cobalt homeostasis as well as stress resistance.

  • DOI:10.1093/mtomcs/mfae058 Czc-CBA proteins were also present in control cells cultivated without added metals so that Czc has also a function in metal homeostasis.