sphere shaped

Edge evidence

• FtsZ division ring enables septal peptidoglycan synthesis RO:0002327

  The FtsZ division ring organizes septal wall synthesis.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro1205 FtsZ collaborates with penicillin binding proteins Supports FtsZ-PBP cooperation in division-associated shape generation.
• septal peptidoglycan synthesis builds peptidoglycan cell wall biolink:produces

  Septal synthesis builds and remodels the spherical cell wall.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3088 synthesize peptidoglycan only at the division septum Supports septal-only PG synthesis in spherical cocci.
• lateral cell-wall elongation reduced in sphere shaped

  Reduced lateral elongation helps preserve a sphere rather than a rod.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3088 mechanisms controlling growth and division of coccoid bacteria Broad review supports different growth mechanisms for coccoid versus rod-shaped bacteria.
• peptidoglycan cell wall regulates sphere shaped RO:0002211

  Peptidoglycan wall geometry maintains the spherical shape.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro1205 primary role in maintaining cell shape Supports the cell wall as central to bacterial shape maintenance.
• septal peptidoglycan synthesis contributes to sphere shaped RO:0002326

  Septal-only peptidoglycan synthesis in cocci produces spherical morphology.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3088 spherical cocci synthesize peptidoglycan only at the division septum
• MreB-mediated elongation machinery causally upstream of elongation capacity

  Loss of the MreB cytoskeleton removes the elongation capacity that lengthens rods.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3088 loss of the MreB cytoskeleton is the main factor that prevents cocci from elongating into rods
• elongation capacity reduced in sphere shaped

  Loss of elongation capacity prevents cocci from elongating into rods, favoring a sphere.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3088 prevents cocci from elongating into rods
• FtsZ division ring recruits divisome and PBPs

  FtsZ assembly into a mid-cell Z ring recruits PBPs and divisome components.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3088 cell division is initiated by FtsZ assembly into a mid-cell Z ring that recruits PBPs and divisome components
• FtsZ treadmilling regulates septal peptidoglycan synthesis RO:0002211

  FtsZ treadmilling distributes the PG synthases that form the septum.

  • DOI:10.1042/bsr20221664 The FtsZ polymers undergo treadmilling around the Z-ring to distribute the PG synthases forming the septum
• FtsW lipid II flippase enables lipid II RO:0002327

  FtsW flips lipid II to the outer septal face for PG synthesis.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3088 lipid II is flipped to the outside by the septally localized flippase FtsW
• lipid II enables septal peptidoglycan synthesis RO:0002327

  Lipid II serves as the PBP substrate for septal peptidoglycan synthesis.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro3088 PG synthesis uses lipid II as the PBP substrate