host-associated

Edge evidence

• host habitat enables host colonization RO:0002327

  Host tissues provide the habitat in which the microbe colonizes.

  • DOI:10.1073/pnas.1218525110 McFall-Ngai et al. document ubiquitous host-associated microbial communities across animals.
• host colonization enables host-associated RO:0002327

  Persistent host colonization realizes the host-associated lifestyle.

  • DOI:10.1126/science.1104816 Bäckhed et al. characterize host-associated microbiota as dense, coevolved communities.
• mucin O-glycans serves as nutrient source for host colonization

  Mucin O-glycans are degraded and utilized as a nutrient source supporting colonization.

  • DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00261.2022 Mucin O-glycans and glycan-derived sugars are degraded and utilized as a nutrient source by host-associated microbes.
• cell appendages and adhesins enables attachment to host surfaces RO:0002327

  Cell appendages and adhesins mediate attachment to host mucus and epithelia.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuae008 Cell appendages (flagella, pili, fimbriae) and adhesins mediate attachment to host mucus/epithelia.
• attachment to host surfaces enables host colonization RO:0002327

  Attachment to host surfaces is a prerequisite step for persistent colonization.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuae008 Attachment to host surfaces underlies the transition to stable colonization.
• c-di-GMP and cAMP second messengers induces biofilm formation

  c-di-GMP and cAMP trigger EPS and surface-protein production, driving irreversible attachment and biofilm.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuae008 cAMP and c-di-GMP regulate transition from reversible to irreversible attachment, triggering surface proteins and EPS leading to biofilm formation.
• biofilm formation enables host colonization RO:0002327

  Biofilm formation supports persistent microbial occupancy of host surfaces.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuae008 Biofilm formation following irreversible attachment supports persistent host colonization.
• plant root exudates activates chemotaxis toward host RO:0002213

  Root exudates trigger chemotaxis via MCP/CheA/CheY signaling toward the host.

  • DOI:10.3390/biology13020095 Methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins bind root exudates and trigger signal transduction (CheW/CheA/CheY), driving chemotaxis as the first colonization step.
• chemotaxis toward host enables host colonization RO:0002327

  Chemotaxis toward host cues is an initial step enabling colonization.

  • DOI:10.3390/biology13020095 Chemotaxis is identified as the first step of host colonization.
• plant root exudates provides nutrient source for host colonization

  Root exudates supply carbon and substrates supporting microbial growth and persistence.

  • DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuad066 Plants secrete 11-40% of photosynthate as exudates that supply carbon and substrates for rhizobacterial growth and persistence.
• mucus layer niches enables host colonization RO:0002327

  Structured inner and outer mucus layers create distinct niches for microbial colonization.

  • DOI:10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0006-2023 Structured inner (firm, sparsely colonized) versus outer (looser, microbe-colonized) mucus creates distinct colonization niches.