arsenic tolerant

Edge evidence

• arsenite(3-) challenges arsenic tolerant METPO:2007406

  Cytoplasmic arsenite is the toxic challenge the trait counters.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00047 Cupriavidus metallidurans BS1 tolerates arsenite to a MIC of 3.5 mM.
• ars operon (ArsB pump) enables arsenite transmembrane transport RO:0002327

  ArsB pumps arsenite out of the cytoplasm.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02473 ArsB is an integral membrane protein extruding arsenite from the cell cytoplasm.
• arsenite transmembrane transport mitigates arsenite(3-) METPO:2007407

  Active export depletes the cytoplasmic arsenite pool.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02473 The ars operon is the near-ubiquitous arsenic-resistance determinant.
• ArsR transcriptional repressor represses ars promoter

  ArsR represses ars-operon transcription in the absence of arsenite.

  • DOI:10.3390/antibiotics12091474 ArsR is a trans-acting transcriptional repressor that binds the ars promoter.
• arsenite(3-) relieves repression by ArsR transcriptional repressor

  Arsenite binding changes ArsR conformation and de-represses ars transcription.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1494872 Binding of As(III) to ArsR changes its conformation and relieves repression of the ars operon.
• ArsC arsenate reductase enables arsenate reduction to arsenite RO:0002327

  ArsC reduces intracellular arsenate to arsenite.

  • DOI:10.3390/antibiotics12091474 ArsC is an arsenate reductase that converts intracellular As(V) to As(III).
• arsenate reduction to arsenite produces arsenite(3-) METPO:2000202

  Arsenate reduction yields arsenite, the substrate for efflux.

  • DOI:10.3390/antibiotics12091474 ArsC converts intracellular As(V) to As(III), feeding the efflux route.
• ArsB arsenite efflux permease enables arsenite transmembrane transport RO:0002327

  ArsB is an integral membrane pump extruding arsenite from the cytoplasm.

  • DOI:10.3390/antibiotics12091474 ArsB is an integral membrane arsenite efflux pump that extrudes As(OH)3/As3+ from the cytoplasm.
• Acr3 arsenite efflux permease enables arsenite transmembrane transport RO:0002327

  Acr3 is an alternative inorganic arsenite efflux pump.

  • DOI:10.3390/microorganisms12010074 Some bacteria possess acr3, coding for an inorganic arsenite efflux pump.
• ArsM arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase enables arsenite methylation RO:0002327

  ArsM methylates arsenite to volatile methylated arsenicals.

  • DOI:10.7717/peerj.18383 arsM (arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase) produces volatile methylated arsenicals.
• arsenite methylation mitigates arsenite(3-) METPO:2007407

  Methylation and volatilization depletes the cytoplasmic arsenite pool, a detoxification route.

  • DOI:10.7717/peerj.18383 Produced arsenite is methylated by arsM to volatile methylated arsenic, removing it from the cell.
• ArsC arsenate reductase reduces arsenate(3-) METPO:2000017

  Arsenate reductase reduces arsenate to arsenite, the form handled by efflux pumps.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00047 Connecting edge wiring the enrichment node into the graph.