hyperthermophilic

Edge evidence

• very high temperature selects for hyperthermophilic METPO:2007401

  Very high-temperature environments select for hyperthermophilic growth capacity.

  • DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1996.tb00233.x optimal growth temperatures between 80°C and 110°C Review supports hyperthermophile growth temperature range.
• thermostable enzymes enables hyperthermophilic RO:0002327

  Thermostable enzymes support metabolism at very high temperature.

  • DOI:10.1128/MMBR.65.1.1-43.2001 thermostable ... optimally active at high temperatures Supports enzyme thermostability in hyperthermophiles.
• reverse gyrase contributes to hyperthermophilic RO:0002326

  Reverse gyrase is associated with DNA stabilization in hyperthermophiles.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2021.661411 reverse gyrase is present in all the hyperthermophiles Review supports the strong association of reverse gyrase with hyperthermophily.
• archaeal molecular chaperonins regulates thermostable enzymes RO:0002211

  Chaperonin systems support protein folding under heat stress.

  • DOI:10.1038/nrmicro866 protein-folding system to cope with heat stress Review supports archaeal chaperonins in hyperthermophile heat-stress protein folding.
• membrane lipid composition enables hyperthermophilic RO:0002327

  Membrane lipid adaptation contributes to growth near the upper temperature range for life.

  • DOI:10.1016/s0300-9629(97)00003-0 changes in the membrane lipid composition Supports membrane lipid changes as high-temperature adaptation.
• cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (cDPG) increases thermostability of archaeal proteins

  cDPG increases the thermostability of archaeal proteins.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1267570 Its presence increases the thermostability of archaeal proteins.
• cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (cDPG) protects against DNA oxidative damage by hydroxyl radicals

  cDPG protects DNA against oxidative damage caused by hydroxyl radicals.

  • DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1267570 Protects the DNA against oxidative damage caused by hydroxyl radicals.
• very high temperature increases production of glycerol monoalkyl glycerol tetraether (GMGT) lipids

  Elevated growth temperature increases production of GMGT membrane lipids.

  • DOI:10.1073/pnas.2318761121 GMGT production and methylation increases with elevated temperatures (broad conclusion across three cultured archaea).
• Gms (GMGT synthase) required for glycerol monoalkyl glycerol tetraether (GMGT) lipids

  Gms is required to form the bridging cross-link of a GMGT.

  • DOI:10.1073/pnas.2318761121 Gms, that is required to form the bridging cross-link of a GMGT.
• glycerol monoalkyl glycerol tetraether (GMGT) lipids contributes to membrane rigidity at high temperature RO:0002326

  GMGTs contribute to increased membrane rigidity at high temperature.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-49650-x GMGTs are thought to contribute to increased membrane rigidity at high temperature.
• macrocyclic archaeol increases membrane rigidity at high temperature RO:0002213

  Macrocyclic archaeol increases membrane stability and rigidity, reducing membrane fluidity.

  • DOI:10.1128/msystems.01159-22 Could increase overall membrane stability and rigidity and reduce membrane fluidity.